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同位语从句一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：1.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。Iheardthenews_________ourteamhadwon．2.我不知道你在这里。Ihadnoidea___________youwerehere．二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如：我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。3.I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessage____________hewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句。）如：4.我不知道他什么时候回来。Ihavenoidea__________hewillbeback．5.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。Hemustanswerthequestion___________heagreestoitornot.四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：6.几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。Severalyearslater，wordcame__________Napoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem．7.他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。Thethoughtcametohim__________maybetheenemyhadfledthecity．五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）Thenewsthathetoldmejustnowistrue．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）Theideathathegavesurprisesmanypeople．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）同位语从句练习题：I.填空题。（使用正确的引导词填写下面的空格）1.Thenews___________theyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.2.Thegeneralgavetheorder__________thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.3.We'lldiscusstheproblem___________thesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.4.Ihavenoimpression__________hewenthome,perhapsbybike.5.Thereport__________hewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.6.Informationhasbeenputforward__________moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.7.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_____________broughtherheartintohermouth.8.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoise_____________sheiscryingloudly.9.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____________theworkwasworthdoing.10.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear___________hewoulddieofthedisease.11.Theorder____________theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.12.Hissuggestion_____________themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.II.改错题。(每句都有一个错误)1.Thefactwhysheworkshardiswellknowntousall.________________2.Hissuggestionwhichthemeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.___________________3.Hemustanswerthequestionifheagreestoitornot._________________4.AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomewhichImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday.________________5.Ihavenoideathatsizeshoesshewears.________________6.Thequestionthatwilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.________________III.翻译题。(中英互译)1.Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce._____________________________________________________________________________________2.ImadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich._____________________________________________________________________________________3.HowdidthecheatsexplainthefactthattheEmperordidn'tfeelthenewclothesinhim?_____________________________________________________________________________________4.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。_____________________________________________________________________________________5.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。_____________________________________________________________________________________6.我不知道他们什么时候来。____________________________________________________________________________________答案语法讲解例题答案：1.that2.that3.that4.when5.whether6.that7.that练习题：填空题1.that2.that3.whether4.how5.that6.that7.which8.that9.whether10.that11.that12.that改错题1.why→that2.which→that3.if→whether4.which→that5.that→what6.that→when翻译题：1.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。2.我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有。3.皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?4.Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.5.I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.6.Ihavenoideawhentheywillcome.