动词不定式与动名词用法总结

动词不定式与动名词用法总结一动词不定式作主语(1)（1）Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.主语It（形式主语）isnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage(真正主语)Ittakes/tookme3hourstoreadEnglishItisnotdifficultforustolearnaforeignlanguageIt’skindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.1It＋is＋形容词（表示人的性格品质）＋ofsb＋todo2It＋is＋形容词（表示做某事是怎么样）＋forsb＋todo注（1）当形容词表示人的性格品质时，逻辑主语由of引出,如：kind，nice,good,polite,clever,careful，careless，foolish，（2）当形容词表示做某事是怎么样时逻辑主语由for引出.如：difficult,hard,easy,important,dangerouspossible二动词不定式宾语此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。wanttodoagreetodohopetododecidetodoprefertodoplantodooffertodowouldliketodoKevinplannedtovisithisuncle三动词不定式做宾语补足语tellsb+todoasksb+todowantsb+todoordersb+todoinvitesb+todowarnsb+todoItellhimnottogotherebybus．四：定语动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词、代词的后面。例:Ihavealotofworktodo．点击规律:动词不定式若在句中作定语,常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。提示板:如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系,且动词是不及物动词,切记不要忘掉后面的介词。如Ihaveasmallchairtositon．(sitonthechair)Therearen’tenoughroomstolivein.(liveinenoughrooms)五作状语A.目的状语.（1）Icometoseeyou．（2）Herunsfastinordertogetthereintime．b.原因状语:放在sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed，excited等词后面。对其进行补充说明,作形容词补足语）如：Iamgladtoseeyouhere．Iamsorrytotroubleyou．六动词不定式表语:放在连系动词be后面(be+adj+todo)例句:Hiswish/hopeistobecomeascientist．.Myworkistocleanthestreet.七:“疑问词＋不定式”用法不定式前可带what，who，which，where,when,how,whose,等疑问词,这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。例:Hedidn’ttellmewheretogo.(直宾)Idon’tknowwhattosaynow.(宾语)Idon'tknowwhattodonext.(宾语）Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer．(宾语补足语)九重点句型：要注意如下两个句型的用法，后面的to+V（原形）都是做状语。A.…too+adj/adv+to+do..太…而不能….B.+adj/adv+enoughto+do足够….干…它们是简单句，还可以so----that+从句互相转换。So+adj(many/much/little/few)+n(名词)+that+从句Such+a/an+adj+(单数可数名词)+that+从句如此…以致于…..（以上都是复合句）Eg:1.他是如此的年轻而不能去上学.A.Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=B.Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschool.=C.Heistooyoungtogotoschool=D.Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.2）、不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:1、whynotdo或Whydon'tyoudo之后。2、在固定词组hadbetterdo否定形式是hadbetternotdosth.例如:Youhadbettergohomenow.你最好现在回家。It'scoldoutside.You'dbetternotgoout.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。3、在let,make,see,feel,watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,跟不带to的不定式作宾补。•let/make/havesbdo让某人做某事•see/watchsbdo看见某人做过某事•hearsbdo听见某人做过某事感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel后既可+todo，也可跟v-ing作宾补，see/heardo看见/听见某人做过某事（前者表示动作的全部过程已结束）；see/hearsbdoing看见/听见某人正做过某事（后者表示动作正在进行）十：动名词like/love+doing喜欢做某事practice+doing练习做某事keep+doing一直做某事finish+doing完成做某事enjoy+doing喜欢做某事mind+doing介意做某事bebusy+doing忙于做某事can’thelp+doing情不自禁做某事beworthdoing值得去做某事spend…..indoingsth花时间去做某事feellike+doing想要做某事findsbdoing发现某人在做某事hatedoing憎恨做某事imaginedoing想象做某事avoiddoing避免做某事goswimming去游泳preferdoingtodoing喜欢前者胜于后者havefun（有乐趣的doingsth十一介词后+doingbegoodat+doing擅长做某事dowellin+doing擅长做某事what/howabout+doing做某事怎么样giveup+doing放弃做某事thanksfor+doing因做某事而感谢beinterestedin+doing对某事感兴趣stopsbfrom+doing阻止某人去做某事makeacontributionto+doing为………做贡献lookforwardto+doing盼望做某事giveone’slifetodoing献身于做某事十二：动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）A：Hefindsitverydifficulttogettosleep.他发现很难入睡主语+动词+it+（形容词、名词）+不定式Sbfindit+adj+todo某人发现做某事是怎么样B有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：remembertodo记住去做某事；forgettodo忘记去做某事rememberdoing记得曾经做过某事forgetdoing忘记曾经做过某事goon+doing继续做同一事stop+doing停止正在做的事goontodo继续做某事（前后是两件事）stop+todo停下来去做另一件事likedoing喜欢做某事（指兴趣爱好）hatedoing讨厌去做某事liketodo偶尔喜欢去做某事hatetodo不愿去做某事（人）needtodo某人需要去做某事（物）needdoing某物需要被….begin/start/continuetodo/doing开始做某事十三、巩固练习()1.Theweatherisverycold.We'd_____-keepthedooropen.A.betternottoB.notbetterC.notbettertoD.betternot()2.Willyouplease________meyourmathsbookfortheafternoon?A.leadingB.lendC.tolendD.borrow()3.Hehasgotusedto_____early.A.gettingupB.getupC.begottenupD.begetting()4.Hewalked________fastforus________catchupwith.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.enough,toD.too,to()5.Itis_______toworkoutthisproblem.Youneedn'tgototheteacher.A.enougheasyB.easilyenoughC.easy,enoughD.veryeasily()6.EverydayIspendtwohours_______myhomework.A.finishingtodoB.finishingdoingC.tofinishtodoD.tofinishdoing()7.LinTaocan'tbeathome.Isawhim_______hereafewminutesago.A.playsB.toplayC.playingD.played()8.We'dbetter_______ontheroad.,orAcarmayhitus.A.nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.don'tplay()9.--WhencanIgoouttoplayfootball,Mum?--Finishyourhomeworkfirst,orIwon'tletyou________.A.togooutB.gooutC.goingoutD.willgoout()10.Couldyoumakeher________laughing?A.stopB.tostopC.stopsD.stopped()11.I’msorryIhaven’tgotanymoney.I’ve______myhandbagathome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgot()12.--__________wemakeithalfpastseven?--Whatabout_______italittleearlier?A.Shall,makingB.Shall,tomakeC.Will,makingD.will,tomake()13.I’dliketohaveaniceroom_______.A.liveB.toliveC.toliveinD.livein()14.Toadoctor,themostimportantthingis_______.A.tosaveB.savingC.tosavingD.saved().15.I’msorrytohavekeptyou________foralongtime.A.waitB.towaitC.waitingD.tobewaiting三中考试题回顾1、Hereadtheinstructiontofindouthow____thecomputer.A.useB.touseC.usingD.uses2、Therearesomedangerousfishesinthisriver,andI’vewarnedJack____here.A.nottoswimB.tonotswimC.swimnottoD.toswimnot3、Thearticlesaidthathehoped____drawingthepicturesoon.A.hissontofinishB.tofinishC.finishD.hissonwillfinish4、Listen!Canyouhearababy______?A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cries5、“Don’talwaysmakeMichael_____thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Bushsaidtohiswife.A.doB