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结束首页末页下一页上一页语法图解SectionⅢGrammar—复习被动语态(Ⅰ)结束首页末页下一页上一页探究发现用所给词的适当形式填空1．Larrypersuadedhiswifethattherobotwouldn'tharmherorallowher(harm)．2．Clairethoughtitwasridiculous(offer)sympathybyarobot.3．Howawful(itis)(discover)byher.4．Bythattime,Tonyexpectedthehousecompletely_____________(transform)．tobeharmedtobeofferedtobediscoveredtobetransformed结束首页末页下一页上一页[我的发现]以上各句皆用了不定式的一般式的语态。不定式一般式的被动语态的基本结构为：。被动tobedone结束首页末页下一页上一页一、被动语态的用法下面几种情况一般用被动语态1．不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。Themeetinghasbeenputoff.会议已被推迟了。2．强调动作的承受者时。ThispoemwaswrittenbyWhitman.这首诗是惠特曼写的。结束首页末页下一页上一页3．出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。Everyoneisexpectedtoobeythefollowingrules.希望大家遵守以下规定。结束首页末页下一页上一页[即时演练1]补全句子①Ibymyleader.领导给了我一次机会。②(2017·北京高考改编)Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones___________________yet.20世纪50年代的美国，大部分家庭中只有一部电话，无线电话还没有发明出来。③Everyonethemeetingontime.希望所有的人都按时参加会议。wasofferedachancehadn'tbeeninventedisexpectedtoattend结束首页末页下一页上一页二、各种时态的被动语态项目一般时态进行时态完成时态现在am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehas/havebeendone过去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone将来shall/willbedone无shall/willhavebeendone结束首页末页下一页上一页Youareinvitedtomakeaspeechinourschool.邀请您去我们学校作一个演讲。TheglasswasbrokenbyLeech.玻璃被李奇打碎了。Themeetingwillbeheldat8：00a．m.tomorrow.会议将于明天上午8点举行。Theplanisbeingcarriedoutsuccessfully.这项计划正在被顺利地实施。Hercarwasbeingwashedatthattime.那时她的车正在被清洗。结束首页末页下一页上一页Alltheworkhasbeenfinishedbynow.到现在为止所有的工作都已经做完了。Theyhadbeenwarnedmanytimesbeforetheycarriedouttheplan.在执行计划之前，他们已经被警告过多次了。Theworkwillhavebeenfinishedbytheendofnextmonth.到下个月末，这项工作将要被完成。结束首页末页下一页上一页[即时演练2]用所给词的正确时态和语态填空①(2016·北京高考改编)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts(reward)withsuccessintheend.②(辽宁高考改编)Weareconfidentthattheenvironment__________________(improve)byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.③(北京高考改编)—Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?—Yes,fortunatelynoone(hurt)．④(安徽高考改编)Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit(decorate)．willberewardedwillbeimprovedwashurtwasbeingdecorated结束首页末页下一页上一页三、各种时态的被动语态中的特殊情况1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。Hewasextremelydisappointedtohearthathewouldnotbegivenadoctor'sdegree.听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极点。结束首页末页下一页上一页2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。Wesawhimsittingtherewithoutdoinganything.→Hewasseensittingtherewithoutdoinganything.我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。Hiswordsmademethrowup.→Iwasmadetothrowupbyhiswords.他的话令我作呕。结束首页末页下一页上一页[名师点津]在主动语态中，make,hear,see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。结束首页末页下一页上一页3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。Myfatheristellingmeaninterestingstorynow.→Aninterestingstoryisbeingtoldtomebymyfathernow.→I'mbeingtoldaninterestingstorybymyfathernow.爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。结束首页末页下一页上一页4．短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。Theoldmanwasoftenlaughedat.那位老人经常被人嘲笑。结束首页末页下一页上一页[即时演练3]将下列各句改为被动语态①Wesawastrangerenterthebuildingjustnow.→②Myunclegavemeapresenttheotherday.→③Thebadweathermademedecidetostayhereforanotherday.→Astrangerwasseentoenterthebuildingjustnow.Apresentwasgiventometheotherdaybymyuncle.Iwasmadetodecidetostayhereforanotherday(bythebadweather)．结束首页末页下一页上一页四、动词不定式的被动语态动词不定式的被动语态由“to＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有一般式和完成式。Iamveryhappytobethuspraised.受到如此褒奖我非常高兴。Theroomseemstohavebeenbrokeninto.似乎有人闯进过这间房子。结束首页末页下一页上一页[即时演练4]补全句子①Theboywaspleasedthezoo.男孩很高兴被带去动物园。②Thejewelseemedbysomeone.珠宝似乎被某人偷走了。tobetakentotohavebeenstolen结束首页末页下一页上一页五、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况1．动词不定式与被修饰的名词或代词之间有逻辑上的被动关系，且与句中另一名词或代词之间有逻辑上的主动关系时。Thepooroldmanonlyhasaverysmallroomtolivein.那位可怜的老人只有一间很小的房子住。2．动词不定式跟在性质形容词后，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。Theseapplesaregoodtoeat.这些苹果很好吃。结束首页末页下一页上一页3．某些动词(如blame,let等)的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表被动意义。Thehouseistolet.此房出租。4．动词不定式与疑问词连用时。Tomhadnoideawhichbooktoreadfirst.汤姆不知道应该先读哪本书。结束首页末页下一页上一页[即时演练5]用所给词的适当形式填空①Thedriveris(blame)fortheaccidenthappeningjustnow.②Wemustdecidewhichtool(use)．③Thechairiscomfortable(sit)in.toblametousetosit结束首页末页下一页上一页Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Weallthoughtitagreathonour(invite)totheparty.2．Whetherthewoundedmancansurvivetonightornotremains________________(observe)．3．Idon'tthinkthesentenceiseasy(understand)．4．Theplay(produce)nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.tohavebeeninvitedtobeobservedtounderstandtobeproduced结束首页末页下一页上一页5．Ineedatleastfivestampsbeforemycollection(complete)．6．Thischeese(notcut)easily.It'stoosoft.7．Itisthefirsttimethathe(bite)byadog.8．Thetemperaturewillfallsharplythedayaftertomorrow,whenasnowstorm(expect)tostrikeourarea.iscompleteddoesn'tcuthasbeenbittenisexpected结束首页末页下一页上一页9．Whentheygothometheyfoundthattheirhouse____________(breakinto)andalotofvaluablethingsstolen.10．—Hi,LiPing,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?—Sorry.It(repair)．hadbeenbrokenintoisbeingrepaired结束首页末页下一页上一页Ⅱ.单句写作1．Itissaidthatcarsbysea.据说将用船把汽车送往国外。2．Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse.他们现在和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。3．We'rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision____________________willinfluencethefutureofourcompany.我们半小时之后要开个会。在会上要做的这个决定将会影响我们公司的未来。willbesentabroadisbeingrebuilttobemadeatthemeeting结束首页末页下一页上一页