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TolearntheuseofmodalverbsUnderlinethesentencescontainingmodalverbsinthereadingpassageandusethefunctionwordsbelowtoexplainthemeaningofthemodalverbs.IntentionDutyPermissionPossibilityGuessingAbilitypossibilitypossibilitypossibilityguessingpossibilityintentionabilitydutyintentiondutypossibilitypossibilityabilityModalverbsareusedtoexpressthespeaker’smeaningofintention,duty,permission,guessing,ability,etc.1.should和oughttoa.should,oughtto都可表示“应该”。oughtto用于表示按道理应当，常指客观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用should代替，但比should语气重。e.g.Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.b.表示劝告、建议或命令时，should和oughtto可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。oughtto的否定式为oughtn’tto或oughtnotto。e.g.Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.________Iopenthewindow?我可以开窗吗？Whatshouldwedonext?ShouldYououghtn’t/oughtnotto(oughtto)leaveinsuchahurry.你不应该离开的这么匆忙。c.should,oughtto都可表示推测。e.g.Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.should和oughtto后面跟动词不定式的完成式,其肯定句表示“过去应该做而未做”,其否定句则表示“过去不该做但做了”。You__________________________thedecisionaweekago.你应该在一周前就做决定。I___________________suchafoolishmistake.我不应该犯这样愚蠢的错误。多数情况下，oughtto可与should互换使用。oughtto的反意疑问句用shouldn’t替代。should/oughttohavemadeshouldn’thavemadeYououghttohavehelpedhimwithhisEnglish,________?A.won’tyouB.oughtnotyouC.shouldn’tyouD.wouldn’tyou2.must和havetomust的用法1)表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,意为“必须……，得……，要……”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或haveto,否定回答要用needn’t,don’thaveto,意思是“不必”。must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。如：—MustIfinishthetaskrightnow?我现在必须完成这个工作吗？—Yes,youmust./Yes,youhaveto.是的。(—No,you_______./No,youdon’thaveto.不，不必。)Youmustn’tcomeherewithoutpermission.未经允许，你不能来这儿。needn’thaveto的用法1)must表示一种主观的需要，而haveto表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。如：Ihavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.今天下午我必须要参加一个重要的会议。Motherisout,soIhavetolookaftertheshop.妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。2)haveto的否定形式是don’thaveto,相当于needn’t。如：Theydon’thavetobuyacomputeratpresent.他们目前没有必要买电脑。haveto的第三人称单数形式是hasto，一般过去式是hadto，一般将来式是willhaveto。e.g.LiHuahastopassanexaminationbeforehecanstartwork.Mycarwasbroken,soIhadtowalkhome.It’llhavetobeonaSunday.I’llbeworkingeveryotherday.Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecialholiday,sowe____gotoworktomorrow.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t【点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意,可知这里表示“没有必要”,故只能选C项。─Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?─You______doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’tD.can’t【点拨】根据题意“除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外,没有必要做任何事情。”可知这里选择don’thaveto表示“不必”。故选A项。3.must和needa.need作情态动词时,只能用于疑问句和否定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于助动词do。—NeedIfinishtheworktoday?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.b.must的肯定形式表示“必须”，否定式表示“禁止、严禁”。Youmustcomehere.Youmustn’ttakethebookawayfromthelibrary.Choosesuitablemodalverbsbelowtocompletethefollowingdialogues.ought/oughtn’ttoshould/shouldn’twillmustn’tneedn’t(don’t)havetocan/can’t1.Sam:HowcanIgrowthinner,Mum?Mum:Well,you_______eatfoodwithplentyoffibrethathelpsyoudigestbetter.Andyou______stopdrinkingcolaoreatingsweetfood.havetoshouldSam:DoesitmeanI_________eatmyfavouritefriedchickenanymore?Mum:Notexactly,ifyoulovefriedchicken,you________giveitup.Justeatitlessoften.You______________________________worrytoomuch:alittlefriedchicken____doyougood!shouldn’tneedn’tdon’thaveto/needn’t/shouldn’twillought/oughtn’ttoshould/shouldn’twillmustn’tneedn’t(don’t)havetocan/can’t2.Doctor:Youaresickbecauseyou’veeatenpoisonousmushrooms.Wheredidyougetthem?Lucy:Ipickedthemintheforest.Iknowwe_______eatfreshvegetables.Doctor:Oh,butyou_______eatthemuntilyou’resuretheyarenotpoisonous.Lucy:Thankyou,doctor.I’llbemorecarefulnexttime.havetomustn’tought/oughtn’ttoshould/shouldn’twillmustn’tneedn’t(don’t)havetocan/can’t3.Charles:IwishIcouldseethingsclearlyinthedark.Tom:Eatingcarrots________helpyouseebetter.You_______eatsomeeveryday.oughttoshouldought/oughtn’ttoshould/shouldn’twillmustn’tneedn’t(don’t)havetocan/can’t1.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,________(can/should)easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.（北京2017）2.Myroomisamess,butI________(needn’t/mustn’t)cleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemorning.（天津2017）选用括号内合适的内容填空。needn’tcan3.Ilovetheweekend,becauseI________(needn’t,mustn’t)getupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.(北京2016)4.Itwasreallyannoying;I________(couldn’t,shouldn’t)getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.(天津2016)needn’tcouldn’t5.George________(mustn’t,can’t)havegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.(浙江2016)6.I________(needn’t,couldn’t)haveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.(天津2015)needn’tcan’tⅠ.用oughtto,oughtnotto,haveto,don’thaveto,mustn’t,needn’t填空。1.You__________goacrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisonred.2.You_____________buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.3.Asstudents,we________putmoreenergiesintostudy.4.He________workovertimeinordertofinishthetaskbeforethisSaturday.mustn’t/oughtnottoneedn’t/don’thavetooughttohasto5.Tom_____________havetoldmeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.6.Thesunisshiningbrightlyinacloudlesssky;it_________beafinedaytoday.7.Youdon’tlookwell.You_________gotoseethedoctor.8.Adograninfrontofmymother’scarandmymother________stopveryquickly.oughtnottooughttooughttohadto1.I_______________(得接受)yoursuggestion.2.You_________________(你不能来这儿)