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2015政府工作报告REPORTONTHEWORKOFTHEGOVERNMENT——2015年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上DeliveredattheThirdSessionofthe12thNationalPeople'sCongressonMarch5,2015国务院总理李克强LiKeqiangPremieroftheStateCouncil各位代表：FellowDeputies,现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。OnbehalfoftheStateCouncil,Iwillnowreporttoyouontheworkofthegovernmentforyourdeliberationandapproval,andIinvitecommentsonmyreportfromthemembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC).一、2014年工作回顾I.AReviewoftheWorkin2014过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。全球经济复苏艰难曲折，主要经济体走势分化。国内经济下行压力持续加大，多重困难和挑战相互交织。在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民万众一心，克难攻坚，完成了全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，全面深化改革实现良好开局，全面推进依法治国开启新征程，全面建成小康社会又迈出坚实步伐。Overthepastyear,theinternationalanddomesticenvironmentsfacedbyChinainitsdevelopmenthavebeencomplicatedandchallenging.Theroadtoglobaleconomicrecoveryhasbeenrough,withmanyupsanddowns,andtheperformanceofthemajoreconomieshasbeendivergentDownwardpressureonChina'seconomyhascontinuedtomount,andwehavefacedanarrayofinterwovendifficultiesandchallenges.However,underthefirmleadershipoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)headedbyGeneralSecretaryXiJinping,allourpeoplehaveworkedtogetherasone,surmounteddifficulties,andaccomplishedtheyear'smaintargetsforeconomicandsocialdevelopment,therebyensuringthatwegotofftoagoodstartincomprehensivelydeepeningreform,embarkedonanewjourneytofullyadvancethelaw-basedgovernanceofChina,andagainmadesolidprogressinourendeavortofinishbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects.一年来，我国经济社会发展总体平稳，稳中有进。“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。Duringthepastyear,Chinahas,overall,achievedastableperformancewhileatthesametimesecuringprogressinitseconomicandsocialdevelopment.Themainindicationofthisstableperformanceisthattheeconomyoperatedwithinanappropriaterange.增速稳，国内生产总值达到63.6万亿元，比上年增长7.4%，在世界主要经济体中名列前茅。就业稳，城镇新增就业1322万人，高于上年。价格稳，居民消费价格上涨2%。“进”的总体特征是，发展的协调性和可持续性增强。经济结构有新的优化，粮食产量达到1.21万亿斤，消费对经济增长的贡献率上升3个百分点，达到51.2%，服务业增加值比重由46.9%提高到48.2%，新产业、新业态、新商业模式不断涌现。中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过2%，能耗强度下降4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。人民生活有新的改善，全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长8%，快于经济增长;农村居民人均可支配收入实际增长9.2%，快于城镇居民收入增长;农村贫困人口减少1232万人;6600多万农村人口饮水安全问题得到解决;出境旅游超过1亿人次。改革开放有新的突破，全面深化改革系列重点任务启动实施，本届政府减少1/3行政审批事项的目标提前实现。■ThegrowthratewassteadyChina'sGDPreached63.6trillionyuan,anincreaseof7.4%overthepreviousyear,makingChinaoneofthefastest-growingmajoreconomiesintheworld.■Employmentremainedrobust,with13.22millionnewurbanjobscreated,whichishigherthanthefigureforthepreviousyear.■Priceswerestable,withtheCPIrisingby2%.■Theunderlyingfeaturedemonstratingprogressisthatourdevelopmentisbecomingbettercoordinatedandmoresustainable.■Theeconomicstructurewasupgraded.Grainoutputreached605millionmetrictons;thecontributionofconsumptiontowardeconomicgrowthrosebythreepercentagepointsto51.2%;thevalueaddedoftheservicesectorincreasedfrom46.9%to48.2%oftheGDP;andtherewasaconstantstreamofnewindustries,newtypesofbusiness,andnewbusinessmodels.Thecentralandwesternregionsgrewfasterineconomictermsthantheeasternregion.■Thequalityofdevelopmentwasraised.Revenueinthegeneralpublicbudgetsgrewby8.6%.Researchanddevelopmentspendingaccountedformorethan2%oftheGDP.Energyintensitywascutby4.8%,thebiggestreductionmadeinrecentyears.■People'sliveswereimproved.Percapitadisposablepersonalincomeincreasedby8%inrealtermsnationwide,growingfasterthantheeconomy,andthepercapitadisposableincomeofruralresidentsgrewby9.2%),outpacingthatofthoselivinginurbanareas.Inruralareas,thenumberofpeoplelivinginpovertywasreducedby12.32million,andover66millionmorepeoplegainedaccesstosafedrinkingwater.ThenumberofoutboundtripsmadebyChinesetouristsexceeded100million.■Newbreakthroughsweremadeinreformandopeningup.Aseriesofkeytasksforcomprehensivelydeepeningreformwerelaunched,andthegoalofthecurrentadministrationtocutthenumberofitemsthatrequiregovernmentreviewbyonethirdwasachievedaheadofschedule.这份成绩单的确来之不易，它凝聚着全国各族人民的心血和汗水，坚定了我们奋勇前行的决心和信心。Theseachievementshavenotcomeeasily.Theyhavebeenmadepossiblebythepainstakingeffortsandhardworkofallourpeople,andtheyhavestrengthenedourresolveandconfidencetokeeppushingahead.过去一年，困难和挑战比预想的大。我们迎难而上，主要做了以下工作。Overthepastyear,wehavefacedmoredifficultiesandchallengesthananticipated.Wehaverisentothechallengeandaccomplishedthefollowinginourwork.一是在区间调控基础上实施定向调控，保持经济稳定增长。面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。把握经济运行合理区间的上下限，抓住发展中的突出矛盾和结构性问题，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精准发力。向促改革要动力，向调结构要助力，向惠民生要潜力，既扩大市场需求，又增加有效供给，努力做到结构调优而不失速。First,onthebasisofrange-basedmacroregulation,mexercisedtargetedregulationtokeeptheeconomygrowingsteadily.Inthefaceofmountingdownwardeconomicpressure,wemaintainedstrategicfocusandkeptourmacroeconomicpolicyunchanged.Insteadofusingshort-termstimulusmeasures,wecontinuedtodevelopnewideasandmethodsformacroregulation.Weexercisedtargetedregulation,stimulatedmarketactivity,shoredupourweakspots,andboostedtherealeconomy.Withakeenunderstandingoftheappropriaterangewithinwhichtheeconomyneedstobeoperating,weadoptedtargetedstepstoaddresstheseriousissuesandstructuralproblemshinderingdevelopment.Weprom