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1主语从句2英语中哪些词或结构可以做主语？•普通名词（student,book……）•代词主格（I,you,he,she,it,they）•数词•名词化的形容词（theblind）•动名词（动词ing）•不定式（todo）•引导词+句子3找主语：•Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄必败。•Twowillbeenough.两个就够了。•Lookingupallthenewwordsinthedictionarytookhimalotoftime.•Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy.早睡早起身体好。•Theunemployedusuallyleadahardlife.失业的人生活一般很困难。•Whetherwe'llgodependsontheweather.4主语从句1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2．构成：关联词+简单句3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类：thatwhetherwho,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why5that引导主从•他在如此短暂的时间里写完了这篇作文令我们很吃惊。他在如此短暂的时间里写完了这篇作文令某人吃惊我们主语（从句）谓语宾语Hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedus6他在如此短暂的时间里写完了这篇作文令我们很吃惊。•Hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedus.•主语从句的引导词任何情况下都不能省略，此句中意义完整，所以应用that引导thatthat引导主从时没有意义，只起引导作用，但不能省略。7whether引导主从•我们明天是否去郊游还不知道。我们明天是否去郊游还是不知道主语（从句）系表语Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremains=isstillunknown8我们明天是否去郊游还不知道。•Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.•此句中的主语从句由whether引导（根据句意）1.whether引导主从表示“是否”，有实际意义，不能省略。2.注意：一个句子做主语是三单，谓语要相应变化形式3.if表“是否”，也可引导主从，但是不能放句首9•引导词+陈述句语序•引导词根据句子的意义选择who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why引导主从10引导词+陈述句语序引导词根据句子的意义选择•_____________________（谁将做我们的班长）hasn'tbeendecidedyet.•_____________________（什么引发了这起事故）remainsunknown.•____________________（谁的手表丢了）isunknown.•__________________（这是如何发生的）isnotcleartoanyone.WhowillbeourmonitorWhatcausedtheaccidentWhosewatchislostHowthishappened11比较that和what主语从句•Thatheisadoctoristrue.•Whatyouhavedoneisrightthat引导主从只起引导作用，无意义，从句完整。what引导主从有引导和补全句子的双功能，在从句中what作主语或宾语。提高：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句都属于名词性从句，其中that和what的区别都一样12高考真题演练：•______impressedmemostwas______suchalittleboycouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.What;whatWhatimpressedmemostwhat引导主从，在从句中作主语thatsuchalittleboycouldplaytheviolinsowellthat引导表从，在从句中不作成分13比较who和whoever主语从句1.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.(高考)2.________willgiveusatalkisunknowntousall.提高：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句都属于名词性从句，其中who和whoever的区别都一样WhoeverWhoWhoever=anyonewho任何人，引导从句并在从句中作主语（作宾语用whomever）who谁，引导从句并在从句中作主语（作宾语用whom）14高考真题演练：1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_________sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.who2.________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever15比较名词性从句中的：•who谁•whom谁•which哪个•what什么•whoever无论谁•whomever无论谁•whichever无论哪个•whatever无论什么1.我不相信不所说的。2.无论你说什么我都不相信。Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid.Idon’tbelievewhateveryousaid.16比较：•whoever•whomever•whatever•whichever•nomatterwho•nomatterwhom•nomatterwhat•nomatterwhich≥可以引导名从（主从、宾从、表从、同位语从）和状从只能引导状从17下面句子的whoever能拆开吗？•Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.任何人来都欢迎。•Whoeverwantsthebookmayhaveit.任何人要这书都可拿去。•Whoeverknocksatthedoor,neveropenit.无论谁敲门，千万别开门。引导主从不能拆引导主从不能拆引导状从可以拆=nomatterwho18形式代词it与主语从句绝大部分主语从句都借助形式主语it放句首，主语从句放在句末。•Itisstrangethatheknowsnothingaboutit.•Itisapitythathecan'tswim.•Ithappenedthathewasn'tinthatday.•ItissaidthattherehasbeenanearthquakeinIndia.千万不要丢掉that哦！19•Whenhe'llbebackdependsmuchontheweather.•Howitwasdonewasamystery.•Whetherwe'llsucceedremainstobeseen.ItItItdependsmuchontheweatherwhenhe’llbeback.wasamysteryhowitwasdone.remainstobeseenwhetherwe’llsucceed.20It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom21注意：强调句去掉itis/was和that，再调整语序可以得到一个完整的句子。比较：•Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.•Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.•Itwasinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.•ItwasJohnthat/whobrokethewindow.22用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…(3)Itis＋不及物动词＋从句Itseems/appearsthat…似乎…Ithappened/occurredthat…碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat我突然想到…(4)It＋过去分词＋从句Itisreported/saidthat…据报道/据说Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…23Sentencecorrection1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwhobreaksthelawmustbepunished.5.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.