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1.Abstract1)Adj.深奥的，抽象的Astronomyisanabstractsubject.天文学是一门深奥的学科。Beautyisabstractbutahouseisnot.美是抽象的，房子是具体的。2）V.○1“提炼”“抽取”Rubberisabstractedfromtrees.橡胶是从树木提取的。Saltcanbeabstractedfromseawater.盐是从海水中提取出来的。②“概括，写摘要”Heisabstractingastoryforabookreview.他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。3）n.摘要anabstractofalecture一个演讲的摘要2.wouldratherdosth情愿做….wouldrathersbdidsth情愿sb做…Iwouldratherstayathometoday.我今天宁愿待在家里。Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。情愿做….而不愿意做…：wouldratherdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosth=preferdoingsthtodoingsthIwouldrathergowithyouthanstayhere.Iwouldgowithyouratherthanstayhere.Iprefertogowithyouratherthanstayhere.Iprefergoingwithyoutostayinghere.3.faithn.信任,信仰breakone'sfaithwithsb.对某人不守信用keepfaithwith忠于信仰;守信Ikeptfaithwithhim.我信守了对他的诺言。Hewholosesfaith,losesall.失去信心的人,失去所有。havefaithin相信,信任ingoodfaith老实地；诚恳地faithfuladj.忠诚的，可靠的4.感叹句：so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数)(+that…)Itwas___so____coldadaythatSuch+a(an)+adj.+n.(不可数)/n(复数)Itwas____such____acolddaythatsomany/few+n(复数)(+that…)somuch/little(不可数)(+that…)eg.1)Thebookis____so____interestingthatIwanttoreaditagain.2)theiceintheriverwasnearlytwofeetthick.3)theiceintheriverwasnearlytwofeetthick.4)Thereare____so___manymistakesinyourcompositionthatIcan’tunderstandit.5)Hehasmade____such____rapidprogressthathegotthefirstintheexam.答案：sosuchsososuch_______thatMarywasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.（07陕西）A.SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness答案：B5.consequentlyadv.所以，因此IoversleptandconsequentlyIwaslateforwork.我睡过头了,所以我上班迟到了。MrFosterhasneverbeentoChina.Consequently,heknowsverylittleaboutit.（做插入语）福斯特先生从未去过中国,所以对中国了解得很少。Itrainedthatdayand___thebaseballgamewascalledoff.A.howeverB.stillC.soD.Consequently答案：Dconsequentadj.作为结果的,随之发生的consequencen.结果asaconsequence/resultof=becauseof=inconsequence=soShewasfoundguilty,andlostherjobinconsequence(ofit).她被判有罪,因而失去了工作6.aim1）n.○1(C)目标withoutaim无目的的/无目标的achieveone’saim完成目标missone’saim打不中目标○2(U)对准,瞄准takeaimatThehuntertookaimatthelionsb/sth’saimistodo……的目标是….Whatisyouraiminlife?你生活的目的是什么?Thegovernor’saimistoincreasecitizens’income.2）v.○1(以枪等)对准,瞄准takeaimatthetarget=aimatthetarget瞄准靶子.Heaimedhisgunatthetiger,firedbutmissedit.他用枪瞄准老虎并开火,但没打中aimatdoing=aimtodo瞄准,力求做到,力争达到Harryaimsatbecomingadoctor.or:Harryaimstobecomeadoctor.aimlessadj.无目标的，无目的的Sheledanaimlesslife.○2打算,计划,以……为目标,立志做……7.Conventionaladj.(traditional)常规的，通常的，传统的;受俗套束缚的，按习惯办事的，陈旧的,形式上的conventionalweapons常规武器aconventionaldesign传统图案conventionalopinions旧观念Thechairmanmadeafewconventionalremarks.主席说了几句客套话。8.typicaladj.典型的；具有代表性的；象征性的(representative)atypicalcharacter典型人物typicalexample典型事例Heisatypicalpupil;heislikemostoftheotherpupils.他是一个有代表性的学生，他和大多数其他学生一样。9.adj.evident明白的,明显的(apparent)n.evidence证据;证明Theapplausemadeitevidentthattheplaywasahit.掌声显然表明该剧是成功的。Itisevident(obvious)(tosb)that…..It'sevidentthatyouaretired.显然你累了。evident=inevidence明显的10.realisticn.现实主义的,逼真的,现实的realadj.真的realizev.实现inamorerealisticway以一种更逼真的形式realism现实主义→idealism理想主义realist现实主义者terrorism恐怖主义terrorist恐怖分子Socialism社会主义Socialist社会主义者11.hold…theIdeas/valueviewthat...持有…的观点/价值观Iholdtheplancan’twork.adoptvt.1.采取;采纳;吸收Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.再三考虑之后,我决定采纳她的建议。2.过继,收养[(+as)]Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。3.正式通过,接受Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.经过讨论,议事日程获得通过。adoptedadj.被收养的，被采用的adoptedchild12.possess用作动词时，不能用于进行时。有多种不同的含义：1）“有，拥有”。如：Thelibrarypossessesanumberoftheartist’searlyworks.图书馆里藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。2）“具有……的特质”。常见搭配有bepossessedofsth，意为“具有某种品质或特征”。如：I’mafraidhedoesn’tpossessasenseofhumor.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。Heispossessedofgreatnaturalability.他很有天赋。3）“支配，控制”。如：Hewaspossessedbythedesiretoberich.possession○1财产，所有物（常用复数）Theringisoneofhermostvaluablepossessions.这只戒指是他最珍贵的财产之一。personalpossessions个人财产Helostallhispossessionsinthefire.○2占有，拥有takepossessionof占领，夺取comeintopossessionof被占有inpossessionof(表主动）占有inthepossessionof（表被动）…被占有Heisin~ofthehouse.他拥有这套房子。=Thehouseisinthe~ofhim.这套房子在他的占有之下。--Doestheyoungmanstandingthere_____thecompany?--No.Thecompanyis_____hisfather.A.have~of;in~ofB.in~of;inthe~ofC.take~of;inthe~ofD.have~of;in~of答案：B13.convinceconvincesb.todosth=convincesbofsth.说服某人做…Convincesbthat使某人确信某事Heconvincedmeofhissincerity.他使我确信他的真诚。Iwasconvincedtobelieveit.Yourmistakesconvincedmethatyouhadn’tstudiedyourlesson.你的错误使我确信你没有学习功课。convincevt.“使确信；使信服”convincesb.ofsth./that...区分：bycoincidence碰巧,由于巧合whatacoincidence（todo）！多么凑巧的事情啊！Whatacoincidencetomeetyouhere.真巧在这儿碰到你。Imethimbycoincidence.Ididn’tknowhewashere.14.agreat/gooddeal大量;大量Chinahaschangedagreatdeal.(修饰v.)Heranagreatdealfasterthanme.(修饰比较级)agreat/gooddealof+不可数Agreatdealofmoneywasspentontheproject.那个项目花费了大量金钱。（修饰[U]）1）修饰可数名词：manyafewagood/greatmanyAgreatmanybuildingshavebeenbuiltalongthestreet.alarge/big/great//smallnumberofManya+单数名词Morethanone+单数名词2）修饰不可数名词：muchagood/greatdealofalargeamountof(谓语动词用单数)largeamountsof(谓语动词用复数)3）修饰可数和不可数名词alotof/lotsofplentyofalargequantityof(谓语动词用单数)largequantitiesof(谓语动词用复数)练习：1.____thestudentsinours