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Module4（一）现在完成时的基本结构（二）现在完成时的时间状语(三)现在完成时的基本用法：(四)使用现在完成时的句型(五)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:(六)终止性动词与延续性动词现在完成时现在完成时Presentperfecttense现在完成时的结构：have/has+过去分词done①陈述句肯定形式：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它e.g.Ihavehadbreakfast.已经吃过早餐了。HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。上一页下一页主菜单（一）现在完成时的基本结构②陈述句否定形式：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+…（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t）e.g.Ihaven’thadbreakfast.我还没吃早餐。Hehasn’tgonetoBeijing.他还没有去北京。③一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋…（将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号）肯定回答：Yes,主语＋have/has.否定回答：No,主语＋haven’t/hasn’t.－HashegonetoBeijing?他去过北京了吗？－Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.上一页下一页主菜单④特殊疑问句形式：（疑问词+一般疑问句）特殊疑问词+have/has+主语＋过去分词＋…？e.g.Wherehashegone?他去了哪里？(who，what，when，which，why，where，whose，how)（二）现在完成时的时间状语◆常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:already,never,ever,just,yet,before,sofar,inthepastfewyears等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作。◆还可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，since,foralongtime等。上一页下一页主菜单★1)sinceShehaslearntEnglishsince2000.ShehaslearntEnglishsince13yearsago.ShehaslearntEnglishsinceshewenttoprimaryschool.一个时间点一段时间＋ago从句★2)for＋一段时间for短语表示动作延续多长时间。（twoweeks/sixmonths/fivedays）ShehaslearntEnglishfor13years.1.表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。Ihavefinishedmywork.Wehavesetupmanynewfactories.(三)现在完成时的基本用法：2.动作发生在过去,强调对现在的结果、影响等。Haveyoueverseenthefilm“HarryPotter”?I’vespent3yearsinthecountryside.3.表示动作发生在过去,并且一直持续到现在,甚至还可能继续下去,句中使用持续性动词,且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。Wehaven’tseeneachotherfortenyears.I’vebeenanEnglishteacherforabout20years.4.现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中,表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。e.g.I’llgohomeassoonasIhavefinishedmyhomework.Pleaselendmethatbookifyouhavefinishedreadingit.1)现在完成时+since+点时间状语(名词、短语、从句,其中从句用一般过去时)2)现在完成时+for+段时间状语3)It/Thisisthefirst/其他序数词/lasttime+that从句中,从句使用现在完成时。(四)使用现在完成时的句型★注意:在下面的句子中,主句的谓语动词常用一般现在时：ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantoworkonthefarm.It’salongtimesinceIsawyoulast.现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响,强调的是现在的情况,所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过,与现在不发生联系,它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。(五)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:Hehasreadthatbook.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容)Hereadthatbooklastyear.(只说明他去年读过那本书)HehasgonetoAmerica.(他现在不在此地,在美国)HewenttoAmerica.(只说明他去过美国)1.终止性动词:表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有:come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,reach,get,getup,join,marry,open,close,give,lend,borrow,finish,break,see,hear,notice,find,understand,die等。(六)终止性动词与延续性动词：2.延续性动词:表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。常用的动词有:live,study,work,teach,stay,read,play,fly,talk,rain,eat,run等。have/hasbeen&have/hasgone用法比较have/hasbeento…“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那。eg.IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.(曾经去过北京，现在不在北京）have/hasgoneto…“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。eg.MyfatherhasgonetoBeijing.(在北京或去北京的途中）Exercise选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsince改错1.Ihaveborrowedthisbookfortwoweeks.2.Ourmanagerisn’tintoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhou.keptgone1.---Howareyoutoday?---Oh,I____asillasIdotodayforaverylongtime.A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeelingC.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt单项选择1.—HasyourfatherreturnedfromAfricayet?—Yes,buthe____hereforonlythreedaysbeforehiscompanysenthimtoAustralia.A.wasB.hasbeenC.willbeD.wouldbe高考链接2.Danny____hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.worked3.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey____manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught4.Sofarthisyearwe____afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.（A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen5.Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubs____asbusinesstomakeaprofit.A.haverunB.havebeenrunC.hadbeenrunD.willrun6.Thecountrylifehewasusedto____greatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged7.—____DavidandVicky____married?—Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlongwere;beingB.Howlonghave;gotC.Howlonghave;beenD.Howlongdid;get8.Theunemploymentrateinthisdistrict____from6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.A.hasfallenB.hadfallenC.isfallingD.wasfalling9.Althoughmedicalscience____controloverseveraldangerousdiseases,whatworriesusisthatsomeofthemarereturning.A.achievedB.hasachievedC.willachieveD.hadachievedmovedCompletetheconversation.Usethepresettenseoftheverbsinbrackets,andfororsincewhereappropriate.Mike:Hi,Kate.Kate:Hi,Mike.Mike:Ihaven’tseenyourbrotheraroundforalongtime._____he______(move)toanewneighborhood?HasKate:No,he____________(move)toanewcountry!He_________(be)inAustralia______lastyear.Mike:Australia!That’sgreatcountry.______youever_____(be)there?hasn’tmovedhasbeensinceHavebeenKate:No,I_____never______(be)there,butI_____________(decide)togolaterthisyear.Mike:Great!_____yourbrother____(send)youanyphotos_____hemovedthere?havehavedecidedHassincebeensentKate:Yes,infact,I_____just________(receive)some.Heretheyare.Thisishisnewhouse.He____recently_______(finish)decoratingit.receivedhasfinishedhave