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四川大学锦江学院毕业论文（设计）I旋刀式草坪修剪机工作装置设计【摘要】本次设计的旋刀式草坪修剪机工作装置结构简单，价格比较便宜，使用保养较简便.因而，在国际上得到了广泛使用。手推步行操作式旋刀式草坪修剪机一般由4个轮子支承着.刀壳顶部安装着刀壳上的动力机的曲轴或输出轴，轴的下端安装旋刀修剪装置.机器的前进可由动力机经传动装置驱动，也可以由人力推动。旋刀式草坪修剪机作业时可将废除的草皮排在草地上，也可将废除的草皮收集在集草器内。旋刀式草坪修剪机的旋刀装置通常为长方形，两端有刃口和翼片.一般工作的时候刀片割草，背后的翼片可将刀壳内部的空气排出，这时候刀壳内形成负压.当草长的较高，机器前进时，刀壳前端部会把草压倒;另外，刀壳外面的空气进入刀壳内的同时，可对倒伏的草起到提升的作用，这对于草长得很茂盛并发生倒伏的情况有很好的针对作用。这样机器一次通过后，就可将草坪修剪得比较整齐，因此，提高了工作效率。翼片形成的气流可将刀刃切下的草屑悬浮到气流中，经刀壳气道、排草口、排草通道排出，或收集起来.气流还可避免草屑在刀壳内形成堵塞现象.上述这种切割方式，按切割原理属无支撑切割.为了留下整齐的割茬，这就要求切割刀刃有一定的切割速度，这样茎叶才不会弯曲。如果由于茎杆刚度较大，而且草的茎杆粗一些，切割速度可以降低一些，但是一般不得低于26m/s.这对于细茎杆的草坪草切割速度应高一些，一般切割速度达到65m/s完全可以满足要求.旋刀式草坪修剪机的配套动力有电动机和汽油机两种。电缆供电的割草机(由电缆或蓄电池供电)只能在小面积上使用.而由蓄电他供电的割草机，因机器重量较大，且蓄电池需经常充电(一般剪完650mz后需进行充电)。在小型割草机上(2.1kW下)常采用电动机作为配套动力机.而在2.1kW上的割草机则多采用汽油机作为配套动力机。本次采用汽油机。【关键词】旋转式草坪割草机手推四川大学锦江学院毕业论文（设计）IIRotarylawnmowerdesignofworkingdeviceThedesignoftherotarylawnmowerworkingdevicehastheadvantagesofsimplestructure,cheapprice,useandmaintenancemoreconvenient.Therefore,widelyusedininternational.Handwalkingoperationtyperotarylawnmowerusuallyconsistsof4wheelssupported.Acuttermountedontheshelloftheenginecrankshaftortheoutputshaftverticallydownwardthroughtheknifeshelltop,thelowerendoftheshaftmountedrotarycutterdevice.Themachineadvanceispushedbymanpower,canalsobecontrolledbythepowertransmissiondevicetodrivetheoperationofthemachine:machinewhenthegrassinthemeadowgrass,alsocanbecollectedinthesetinthegrass.Rotarylawnmowerrotarycutterdeviceisusuallyrectangularinshape,bothendsofacuttingedgeandfins.Operationblademowing,bladeknifecanbeshellfromtheair,thenthetoolcasingtoformthenegativepressure.Whenthegrassishigher,themachinemovesforward,theloweredgeoftheknifeshellmaymakethegrassinfrontinverted;inaddition,whenthegrasswassolongandlodging,theknifeshelloutsideairintotheknifeshellatthesametime,thelodgingofgrasstoenhancetheeffect.Thismachineoncethroughlater,canbefairlyneatlymanicuredlawns,therefore,improvetheworkefficiency.Besides,vaneairflowformedtheknifeedgecanbecutunderthegrassclippingssuspendedinastreamofairthroughtheknifeshell,airway,grassdischarge,agrassdischargechanneltodischarge,orcollected.Theairflowcanalsoavoidthegrassclippingsinthetoolcasingformedjam.Thecuttingmeans,accordingtocuttingprincipleisnosupportrequirementsofcuttingedgecutting.Hasacertaincuttingspeed,cuttinggrassstemsandleaveswillnotbend,leavinganunclutteredstubble.Ifthegrassstemswithrough,duetostemstiffness,thecuttingspeedcanbelower,thegeneralshouldnotbelessthan26m/S.ForthinstemoflawngrasscuttingspeedshouldbehighMoregenerally,thecuttingspeedisupto65m/scancompletelymeettherequirements.Foreignrotarylawnmoweraccessorypowermotor(bycableorbatterypowered)andgasolineenginetwo.Basedonconvenienceandsafetyreasonsbycablepoweredmoweronlywithinasmallarea.Byhispower.Mower,becausethemachineweightisbigger,andtheaccumulatorisfrequentlyrequiredtocharge(generallycut650mzneedtocharge).So,inthesmalllawnmower(2.1kW)oftenusedasauxiliarypowermotor.In2.1kWlawnmowerisusedasamatchingenginegasolineengine.【Keywords】RotarytypeLawnLawnmowerHandpush四川大学锦江学院毕业论文（设计）III目录1绪论........................................................................................................-1-1.1草坪修剪机机的发展历史..............................................................-1-1.2存在问题.........................................................................................-1-2割草机概述................................................................................................-2-2.1割草机的分类.........................................................................................-2-2.2旋刀式草坪修剪机工作装置的结构特点...........................................-3-2.2.1本设计方案的特点.................................................................-3-2.2.2草坪修剪机的框架图..............................................................-4-2.2.1除草机割草的基本要求..........................................................-4-3割草机构的设计.........................................................................................-5-3.1刀片材料的选择...............................................................................-5-3.2旋刀刀片的设计...............................................................................-5-3.3割刀的受力分析...............................................................................-6-3.3.1割刀的转速确定.....................................................................-8-4旋刀轴的设计............................................................................................-9-4.1轴的概述.........................................................................................-9-4.2轴的设计.........................................................................................-9-4.3轴的计算.......................................................................................-10-4.4轴承材料.......................................................................................-13-4.4.1轴承的材料分类...................................................................-13-4.4.2轴承的选择..........................................................................-13-4.4.3圆柱滚珠轴承结构...............................