现在分词(V-ing)作状语A动词-ing形式在句子中做状语,表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的。B句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语;而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。1.原因状语,相当于原因状语从句。1).Beingill,shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.因为生病,她今天没上学去。2).Seeingnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.看见没有人在家,我决定再来一趟。2.时间状语,相当于when,while等引导的从句。1).Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.当听到这个好消息时,他高兴地跳了起来。2).Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.当我走在街上时,我看到了我的朋友。如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生,常在分词短语前加上when或while。3).Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.过街时小心。3.伴随状语,与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。1).HesatatthetablereadingChinaDaily.他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。2).Talkingandsmiling,theywentintotheroom.他们又说又笑地走进房间。4.结果状语。1).Themotherdied,leavingalotofmoneyforherchildren.母亲去世了,给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。5.条件状语。Turningright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.往右转弯,你就会找到你要找的地方了。III.现在分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。1).Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wecanseeourbeautifulschool.从山顶望下去,我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词……表示伴随,时间、原因,条件。2).Manypeoplebeingabsent,theydecidedtoputthemeetingoff.由于许多人都缺席了,他们决定取消这次会议。IV.现在分词的否定形式。现在分词的否定式:not+v.ing完成式的否定式:not+havingdoneNothavingheardfromhersonforalongtime,themotherworriedagreatdeal.由于很久没有收到儿子的来信,这位母亲很担心。V.现在分词的时态和语态的用法。1).分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时,则用分词的一般式形式。Hewalkedonthestreet,seeingbackfromtimetotime.他走在街上,不时地向身后看看2).如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生,则用分词的完成式形式。Havingfinishedhiswork,Henrywenthome.完成了他的工作后,亨利回家了。语法聚焦预习自测1._________hertelephonenumber,Icouldn’tringherup.由于不知道她的电话号码,我无法打电话给她。2.____________________,wewillgothereonfoot.天气好的话,我们将步行去那里。3.___________________,ImetMary.上学时我遇见了玛丽。4.Iturnoffthelight,____________________.我把灯关了,所以什么也看不见。5._____________________,youwillsucceed.努力工作,你就会成功。6._____________________hisletter,Idecidedtowritetohim.没收到他的来信,我决定给他写信。7.Thebuilding__________(build)nowisournewlibrary.8.__________________________(give)suchagoodchance,howcouldyouletitslipaway?9.Hestood,__________(lean)againstthewall.10.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_______(make)itthemostpopularsong.答案:1.Notknowing2.Weatherpermitting3.Whilegoingtotheschool4.seeingnothing5.Workinghard6.Notreceiving7.beingbuilt8.Havingbeengiven9.leaning10.makingII.学以致用一、词汇运用1.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.(2010天津)A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause2.atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.(2010北京)A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked3.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.(2010江苏)A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabled4Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,_______aneyeoutforbargains.(2010江西)AkeepBkeptCkeepingDtokeep5.Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,suppliestoYushu,Qinghaiprovinceaftertheearthquake.(2010福建)A.sendingB.tosendC.havingsentD.tohavesent6.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_______withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.(2010安徽)A.travelB.totravel.C.traveledD.traveling7.Dina,formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.(2010湖南)A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle8.Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention,tomissanypoint.(2010四川)A.nottryingB.tryingnotC.totrynotD.nottotry9.Thenewsshockedthepublic,_______togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.(2010重庆)A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.tolead答案:1.CAACA6.DCBC