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表语从句ThePredicativeClauseⅠ.Definition（定义）表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态，表语常由名词(n.)、代词(pron.)、数词(num.)、副词(adv.)、介词短语(prep.phra.)、形容词(adj.)、动词过去分词(p.p)、动名词(doing)、动词不定式（todo）和从句等来充当。Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdifficult.（表）表语从句（表）①Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。②Ididn’tknowthatitwasyouatthattime.当时我不知道那是你。③Thedoorremainedclosed.门仍然关着。④Mary’sdailyjobiscleaningthehouse.玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。名词充当表语代词充当表语动词过去分词充当表语动词-ing形式充当表语⑤Thehouseisnotonlylargebutalsobeautiful.这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。⑥WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。⑦Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。⑧MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.我的工作是教你们英语。⑨Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidn’twork.他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。介词短语充当表语副词充当表语形容词充当表语不定式充当表语从句充当表语指出句子成分HenrywasanAmericanbusinessman.HenrymetanAmericanbusinessman.主语表语主语谓语宾语（及物动词）连系动词2.表语从句的构成主语+系动词+引导词+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.表语从句放在系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired3.接表语从句的系动词：1:be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2:feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3:stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall5:prove,turnout4.接表语从句的引导词连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough(if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who(ever)/whom/whose/which(ever)/what(ever)连接副词：when/where/why/how/because1）that(1)that在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，不能省略(2)表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”，should可省略Myopinionisthatit’sgettingbetterandbetter.Mysuggesstionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.2）whether在表语从句中表,但不充当句子的成分。if引导表语从句.1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.“是否”不能3）asif,asthough引导的表语从句asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.主语+连系动词（look/seem/appear……）+that/asif从句注意：asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气如果事实与不符，就用虚拟语气:主句用do,从句用did（be的话变成were）。主句用did，从句用hadp.p)。Itlooksasifhewereherownfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.4）连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why,because。Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他是如何做此事的。Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。Thatiswherehewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。Myangerisbecauseyouhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.that,why与because引导表语从句表示原因，区别:1.that没有词义2.why强调结果3.because强调原因Thereasonwasthatyoudon’ttrusther.原因是你不信任她。Thefactisthattheyareangrywitheachother.事实是他们生彼此的气。Hewasill.That’swhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。Hewassenttothehospital.That’sbecausehewasill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。填空:Thereasonwhywedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．注意：1.Thereason做主语时Thereasonisthat+原因Thereason+why+句子(原因)+is/wasthat+结果for+n.(原因)2.It,This,That做主语时，则可用becauseShewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecauseshemissedtheearlybus.thatThereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseofB5.表语从句的常用句型：1）名词主语＋be＋that从句ThefactisthatIwasinthegardenwhentherobberyhappened.主语的名词通常有表示事实真理的名词fact,truth或表示看法观点的名词idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等。suggestion,proposal,advice,requirement等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气（should）do。名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句如：1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoinformedagainstherhusband.3.Myopinionisthatweshoulddiscussitwiththem.2）名词主语＋be＋wh-从句Thetroubleiswherewecangetthethingsweneed.注意区分：主语从句wh-＋be＋that从句Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatallthepupilswereunusuallyquiet.3）This/That＋be＋wh-从句ThisishowyoumaketheItalianpizza.表语从句的常用句型：注意：表语从句中的that不能省略表语从句中只能用whether不能用if表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序1.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?---Oh,that's_______.(2003北京春季)A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcitedA解析：这是由what引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。2.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat_______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。A3.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.(2002上海春季)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。A小结：1.表语从句的构成:引导词+简单句2.引导词:｛连词that,whether,as,asif连接代词who,what,which连接副词when,where,how,why3.3个注意点:①if不引导表语从句②主语为reason时，引导词用that③语序1.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere4．Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填6.Thereasonis_________Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what10.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that11.Hemadeapromise_______hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which12.Iremember_______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what13.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants