并列句与状语从句

句子的分类•句子按照其构成分为：•1简单句_______________________•2并列句_______________________HecomesfromtheUSandhelikesChinaverymuch.•3复合句_______________________•Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasbadlyill.五种基本句型由并列连词将两个及以上的简单句连在一起含有从句的句子二·简单句五种基本句型：1Hearrived.2Ilikeapples3Heisastudent.Thefoodtastesgood.主语+谓语（vi)主语+谓语(vt)+宾语主语+系动词+表语常见系动词：be,sound,look,taste,smell,feel,keep,remain,stay,stand(empty),go,become,get,prove等41)WecallhimJim.2)Weshouldkeeptheclassroomclean.3)Theteacheraskedhimtocarrythebooksintotheclassroom.5Hegavemeabook.=Hegaveabooktome.注：Hegaveittome.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补主语+谓语+间宾+直宾复合宾语双宾语后常加双宾语的动词有：Show/offer/envy/teach/buy/make/get/own等另外：祈使句和感叹句也属于简单句•Getupearly.•Pleasesitdown.•Don’tbelate.•Let’sgoout.•Letuswaitoutside.•Dorememberus.•Whatinterestingbookstheyare!•Howinterestingthebooksare!1.概念：并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句通过并列连词连在一起。并列连词后的简单句被成为分句。并列句2.常见的并列连词：•(1)表递进关系的有:_______________________•______________________________.•Hehadplentyofmoneyandhecanspentitfreely.•(2)表转折关系的有：______________________•Janesaidshewasill,yetIsawherinthestreetjustnow.•(3)表选择关系的有：___________________•Don’tdrivesofastor/otherwiseyou’llhaveanaccident.and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,not….but…but,yet,whereas(而)or,otherwise,either…or…四、复合句1.概念：复合句又称主从复合句，2.复合句分三类：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________形容词性从句即定语从句•名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句•副词性从句即状语从句语法：并列句与状语从句一、副词性从句即状语从句概念及分类:•1.概念：在整个句子中作_________________________________________________________________________________称为状语从句。•（1）.Isentherbackhome.•Isentherwhereshewantedtogo.•(前一句home作地点状语；后一句whereshewantedtogo作地点状语)时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步状语的从句•（2）.Allthestudentsweresleepingsoundlytonight.•Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly.•(前一句tonight作时间状语；后一句Whenthefirebrokeout作时间状语)2.九大类状语从句及连词：状语从句分类：连词时间状语从句As,when,whenever,nomatterwhen,while,after,before,once,assoonas,directly/immediately/instantly,nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when,theinstant/themoment/thesecond/theminute,everytime/eachtime,thefirsttime/thesecondtime,(ever)since,till/until,地点状语从句目的状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句Where,wherever,everywhere,Sothat,inorderthatBecause,as,for,since/nowthat,forfearthatSothat,so…that…,such…that…,so,条件状语从句方式状语从句If,ifonly但愿,onlyif只有，incase/lest,aslongas,asfaras,unless,once,onconditionthat,ontheassumptionthat,supposingthat,providedthatAs,asif/asthough,theway比较状语从句让步状语从句Than,As…as…,notso…as….,the比较级…,the比较级(moreandmore)Although,though,as,evenif/eventhough,whether…or…,nomatterwhat/how/where/when/who/=whatever/however/wherever/whenever/whoever二、时间状语从句注意事项1.when,while和as用法比较•1)When的用法•a.when表当…的时候+_________性动词•eg:Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly•When/whileallthestudentsweresleepingsoundly,thefirebrokeout.延续/瞬时b.when表________（表动作发生的突然性）•bedoing…when•beabouttodo…when•beonthepointofdoing…when•had(just)done…when/before•eg:Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.c.when________•eg.Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes表既然这时2）while的用法•.a.while表_______________________+延续性动词eg.FatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayingacomputergame.IwantmygirlstoexperiencethelifeinSpainwhiletheyareyoung.当…的时候；趁…的时候b.while表________，引导让步状语从句，从句常放在主句前•eg.WhileIamwillingtohelp,Idon’thavemuchtime.c.while表________（并列连词）--两者对比，或轻微转折•eg.Heistallwhilehistwinbrotherisrathershort.d.while表_________________，引导条件状语从句•Therewillbelifewhilethereiswaterandair.尽管而，然而只要(同aslongas)3）as可表示从句和主句两个动作同时进行，可译为_____________________________Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.•“一边...一边…”或“随着…”•即学即练：用when,while,as填空：•①Howcanhegetgoodgrades_____hewon’tstudy?•②Iwaswanderingthroughthestreet_____Icaughtsightofatailor’sshop.•③_____Iwaswanderingthroughthestreet,Icaughtsightofatailor’sshop.•④_____hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.•⑤Thereweresomechairsleftover____everyonehadsatdown.•⑥____Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.whenwhenwhenWhileWhileAs2.before和since的用法比较1)before的用法•a.before表____________________________•eg.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.•b.It________________________________________________________+before…在…之前将多久；还要多久才•eg.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain./Itwaslongbeforewemetagain.•在…之前；还未…就…;还没来得及…就..;willbe/won’tbe/wouldbe/wouldn’tbe/was/wasn’t+一段时间•2)since的用法•a.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since…_____动词翻译成_________________________•eg.Itistwoyearssincewemetlasttime.我们自从上次见面到现在两年了。•b.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since…____性动词翻译_________________________•eg.ItisyearssinceIenjoyedmyself.我多年没有玩的这么愉快了延续自从不…到现在已多长时间瞬间自从…到现在已多长时间•c.since表自从…到现在•主句用_____________时态since从句用___________时态•e.g.WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?•d.since表既然时引起原因状语从句，从句的时态看情况定•e.g.Sincehesaidso,itmusttrue.现在完成一般过去•即学即练：用before,since填空：•①---Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe____Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?•---Perhapstwoorthreeyears.•②---Takeacigarette,please.•---No,thanks.Itisthreeyears_____Ismoked.•③---Look!Thoseguysaresweatingouttheexamination.---Theyshouldworkhard______itistoolate.④---Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?---Herushedoutoftheroom______Icouldsayaword.bef