高一英语定语从句课件

TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句的特点:用来修饰或限定一个名词,并放在名词之后.引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的作用:1引导定语从句,起引导词作用.2代替被修饰词.3在从句中充当句子成分:关系代词that,which,who在从句中作主语\宾语;whom作宾语;whose作定语.关系副词where,when,why在句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语.定语从句的种类:限定性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限定性定语从句:对先行词起修饰和限定作用,是不可缺少的成分,没有了附加信息,我们就不知道谈论的是谁或是什么事,在这样的从句中不使用逗号.非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句中的附加信息可以省去,没有了附加信息,我们仍能清楚谈论的是谁,什么事,这样的从句使用逗号.thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTomTheboywhoiscleverisTomTheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhichyoutalkedlastnight?Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthat(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.whichØthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none,theone等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,few,just,right,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。(5)当先行词为人和物的名词词组时。Theytalkeofpersonsandthings(that)theyrememberintheschool.(6)当先行词指物,在句中作表语。Thisisthebookthatyouborrowed.(7)主语前有who,whom时(8)在therebe或therelive结构中，先行词指物时ThereisabookonthedeskthatIaminterestedin.(9)在way方法后,常用that代替how,inwhich结构Thatwastheway(that)hedidit.(10)time表示次数，前有序数词修饰时。(11)先行词前有thesame修饰时或当先行词和关系代词指同一个人或物时。Thisisthesamemanthat/whoItoldyou.(12)当疑问词who,which,what开头的疑问句为避免重复用that.只用which不用that的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句时。(2)当关系词前有介词时Theroominwhichmyfamilylive.(3)当先行词本身为that时.Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.当先行词是表示时间的名词（year,month,day,night…)关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中做时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句，也可以用介词+which的结构。但应注意的是which前介词的选择应根据先行词而定.Eg:ThedaywhenwasbornwasAug,20,1998.ThedayonwhichhewasbornwasAug,20,1998.当先行词是表示地点的名词(country,room,school)关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中做地点状语,一般用where引导定语从句，也可以用介词+which的结构.`Eg:ThedeskwhereIputmybagisthis.ThedeskonwhichIputmybagisthis.why指原因，引导定语从句Hecan’tgivethereasonwhyhelikeswatchingTv.way后面的的定语从句有三种情况:在比较正式问题中用inwhich一般情况用thatInwhich和that都可省略oneof+复数名词中,关系代词引导的从句中的谓语动词用复数,但如果one前有only,exactly等修饰one时,谓语动词用单数。Eg:Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthathavebeenasked.Thisistheonlyoneofquestionsthathasbeenasked.表示人的关系代词who在口语中可代替whom,但关系代词前有介词时,只能用whom，但如果把介词放在句尾，两者都可以用。Eg:Hereisthegirlwho/whomwehavebeenlookingfor.Hereisthegirlforwhomwehavebeenlooking.关系代词as引导的定语从句A,as引导的定语从句可指人也可指物，常与thesame，such，so等连用，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。Eg:Suchpeoleasyoudescribedjustnowareraretoday.(as代替人，作宾语）Heisnotthesamemanashewas.（as代替人，作表语）Let’sdiscusssuchproblemsasconcerneveryoneofus.（as代替事物，做主语）B.关系代词as可引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句的意思,其位置比较灵活,可位于句首,句中,句末.而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。Asweallknow,Englishiseasytolearn.English,asweallknow,iseasytolearn.as有时也可作关系副词引导定语从句，与关系代词一样,主句中也应该有thesame,such,so等与之相呼应，as在从句中作状语。Eg:Ishallusetheinstrumentinsuchawayasheusedityesterday.(as指代insuchaway)theveryplace后用where引导定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择1.代替先行词的关系词在从句中担任什么成分。2.先行词表示的是人，物，时间，地点还是原因。3.引导的是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。；道君,道君跃千愁小说；；；；心の问道丶根汉道：这东西里面有些东西,与咱有渊源,现在咱得到了,它就消散了丶你还真是占尽了机缘呀,这都能看到丶纪蝶笑了笑丶根汉苦笑：也不壹定就是好东西,是福是祸不知道丶哦?没什么事吧?艾丽皱眉问道丶之前她和纪蝶也看过了,这石碑是之前壹个犯人交出来の,因为他估计可能没有什么用,就拿这个东西与白狼马交换,免去了十天の惩罚,提前离开了这里丶事倒没什么事,只是这东西,咱现在壹时还参不透,感觉可能是祸,现在也说不清楚丶根汉也比较无奈,只说是得到了壹种心法,好像是壹些古文字,但是现在自己也没明白是什么意思丶写了一些字出来,这二女也都没有见过,干脆她们就进去根汉の乾坤世界修行去了丶根汉也因为有了壹些感悟,也进了自己の乾坤世界,来到了叶家大殿丶父亲。刚刚进来,院中两位美丽の女人,便补了过来,壹左壹右挽着了根汉の胳膊丶你们出关了?根汉有些欣喜,这是自己の两个女尔,依依