名词性从句之表语,主语,同位语从句

PredicativeClauses表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是主语+系动词+表语从句可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有thereasonwhy…isthat…和Itisbecause…等结构。例如：.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.注意：1.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。2.一般情况下，“that”不能省。3.Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。如：1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoinformedagainstherhusband.注意表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whenSubjectClauses主语从句1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1).Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)Whoevercomesiswelcome.6)It’scertainthathewillsucceed.7)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.8)Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.考点一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--由连词whether,连接代词what,who,which和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导.也常常后置:Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.It的用法：（形式主语）It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reported…that..据说/据报道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已经通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…显然、明显、碰巧..It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying….（俗话说）•考点二•注意：主语从句中，谓语动词一般用单数•What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定•Whatheneeds_is_thatbook.•Whatheneeds_are_somebooks.what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。例如：(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.What与that引导主语从句由that引导:1.___________________iscertain.(我们要迟到了)2._____________________isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3.________________________isapity.(你错过了这次机会)由that引导:1.___________________iscertain.(我们要迟到了)2._____________________isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3.________________________isapity.(你错过了这次机会)that无意义,后接一个完整的句子.that不可省ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechanceThatweshallbelate注意：1.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.2.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.3.Whathesaysanddoesdoesn’tconcernme.4.Whathesaysanddoesdon’tagree.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。主语从句的“that”一般不能省。“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。1.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.a.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto1.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.a.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhaveAppositiveClauses同位语从句同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.n.+连接词+从句同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2).SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.注:1.同位语从句多用that引导2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.howhecangetthetreasure.wheretheconcertwillbehold.whocanfinishthework.whyithappened.whichpenismine.whatweshoulddonext.whomtheyaretalkingabout.whetherit’llraintomorrow.thatourfootballteamwonthegame.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._________________________________________