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1.Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.假设你的家开始晃动,你必须立刻离开Shake（shook,shaken)v.摇动,摇,颤抖,震动n.摇动,摇,颤抖,震动翻译:服药前请摇动瓶子Pleaseshakethebottlebeforetakingthemedicine.当火车经过时大地在剧烈地震动Whenthetrainpassedby,theearthshookseriously这个可怜的孩子正冻得发抖Thepoorchildwasshakingwithcold.联想记忆:shakehandswithsb.shakesbbythehand=shakeone’shandshakeone’shead/nodone’sheadshakeone’sfistatsbrightaway:atonce;innotime;immediatelyrightnow:atthisverymomentMakeupyourmind___________.I’llreturnthebook___________.rightnowrightawayWemustbeoffrightaway/rightnow.It’seight.请立刻把这篇文章打出来Pleasetypethisarticleoutrightaway/rightnowrightaway不可用于进行时态,rightnow还相当于atthisverymoment;atpresent在此刻,此时,可用于进行时态他们正在录制唱片Theyaremakingtherecordrightnow2Whatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?疑问词+doyouthink/suppose+Whendoyouthinkhewillarrivehere?你认为他什么时候能到这里？Happentosb./sth发生在某人/某物上Happentodosth.Happen&takeplace:Happen是指事件的偶然发生；后者是有计划，有准备的发生，有“举行”之意。1.Greatchanges____________inmytownsince19982.TheMayFourthMovement___________in1919.happenedtookplace3.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.三天来,村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停.*rise----上升，升起，上涨roserisenriseagainst反抗Theyallroseagainsttheking.•*rise和raise的区别：•risevi.指继续上升，常用于日，月，云，雾，烟，物价，温度，河水，潮水及人的职位等。•raisevt.表示举起，提出，提升，提高（例如水平等级，程度等）种植，饲养，用作“举起”时，往往有使物体达到应有的高度的含义，可用于具体或抽象的事物。(1)两者都可表示“升起”之意，这时rise是不及物动词，而raise是及•Thepriceofmeathasrisensharplylately.•最近肉价上涨很快。•Thebutcherswillraisethepriceofmeatinafewweeks.•肉商几个星期内将提高肉价。•Raiseabox•Raisemoney•Raiseachild•Raisetheprice•RaisesalariesEveryoneknowsthatthesunrisesintheeast.每个人都知道太阳东升西落•4.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.•发臭的气体从裂缝中冒出来。@smellyadj.有臭味的smelly:smell+y=adj.smelln./v(smelt/smelled)eg:Thefoodwassmelly.n.气味(of)Therewasasmellofburning.有一股烧焦的气味。•Theywereallhungryandthefood______good.•Ican______somethingburninginthekitchen.•Pleasethrowthe_______fishaway.smeltsmellsmelly•4.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.too···to·····＝sothat(如此……以至于）Thisbookistoodifficultformetoread.=ThisbookissodifficultthatIcannotread.••too还因此形成一类特殊而重要的用法，具体如下：•cannot（或cannever）...too...表示“怎么……也不会过分”、“越……越好”的含义。如：Onecanneverbetoocarefulinone’swork．工作越细越好。•Youcannotpraisetheplaytoohighly•这出戏你无论怎样称赞都不会过分。Onecannotbetoocarefulinmakingthedecisionasitwassuchacriticalcase．因为这是一个如此重要的问题，所以在做出决定时无论怎样谨慎都不过分。5.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在城市里,有些建筑物里的水管出现裂缝或者破裂.@crackvi.使开裂,破裂,Themirrorcracked.镜子破裂了n.裂缝,裂纹墙上有个裂缝Thereisacrackinthewallburst(burst,burst;bursting)Theballoonburstsuddenly.气球突然爆炸了水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。Water-pipesoftenburstincoldweather.河水冲毁了堤岸，淹没了村子Theriverburstitsbanksandfloodedthetown.burstinto闯入Thepoliceburstintothehouseandarrestedhim.aburstofapplause/anger/tears一阵…..Heburstintolaughter.=HeburstoutlaughingHeburstintotears.=Heburstoutcrying.burstinto+n.burstout+doing……Burst&Crackburstv.(使）破裂；（使）爆炸crackv.（使）裂开；n.裂缝1.Thewindowswascrackedbutnotbroken.窗下的玻璃裂了但没有碎。2.Theballoonburst.气球吹炸了。6.Butonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.thinklittleof不重视；认为没价值Shethoughtlittleofmywork.她不看重我的工作。•Event事件•Thatwasanimportanthistoricalevent.•那是一个重大的历史事件。•Inanyevent/atallevents无论如何7.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.似乎世界末日来临atanend(=finished)结束;终结Thewarwasatanend.战争结束了attheendof在……的尽头/最后•Attheendoftheroadyou’llfindashop.cometoanend结束•Themeetingcametoanendatmidnight.bytheendof直到…末,到……结束的时候，主句一般用完成时•Bytheendoflastyear,wehadlearned1500Englishwords.•intheend最后；终于；不与of连用•Hetriedvariousjobsandintheendbecameateacher.asif好像；似乎；仿佛Shewassittingthereasifnothinghadhappened.她坐在那儿，一副若无其事的样子。8.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变为废墟.ruinn.毁灭;废墟v.毁灭；使破产inruins荒芜的,成为废墟,一般用作表语这座古代建筑已成了废墟。Thisoldbuildinghasbeeninruins•战争给这个国家带来了毁灭Thewarbrought_____tothecountry.ruin暴风雨摧毁了农作物Thestorm__________thecrops.ruined中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明放置产卵laylaidlaidlaying及物动词躺;位于lielaylainlying不及物动词说谎lieliedliedlying不及物动词lie与lay的区别口诀:规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，躺过就“下蛋”。(lie当“说谎”用，它的过去式和过去分词都为lied，而当“躺”用时，它的过去式为“下蛋”即lay)destroy:完全的毁坏，无法修复ruin:非暴力的，对美好事物的毁坏damage局部损伤使整体变得无价值e.g.(1)Thecar__________intheaccidentisbeingrepaired.(2)--Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?--Theearthquake__________them..(3)Shepouredwaterallovermypainting,and__________it.damageddestroyedruined9.Two-thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤injurevt.损害,受伤adj.injured受伤的,受委屈的Hecan'tplaytodaybecausehe'sinjuredhisknee.因为伤了膝盖，他今天不能比赛。harm的含义侧重于“损害，伤害”，可指精神或肉体的伤害，程度较轻Don'tharmyoureyesbyreadingindimlight.injure指“损害，受伤”，着重容貌、机能的损坏，例如：Shewasinjuredbadlyintheaccident.事故中她受了伤。[词义辨析]harm,injure,hurt,woundhurt指“伤害；刺痛”，尤指在精神或肉体上的伤害，含有强烈的疼痛Nofeelingswerehurtthoughthecriticismwassharp.批评虽然尖锐，却未伤感情。wound指外伤，如枪伤,刀伤,剑伤,尤指在战斗中受伤。Thestormdidgreat______tothecrops.Smokingwill________hishealth.Thesoldierswere__________inthebattle.Whatyousaid_____myfeeling.harminjuredwoundedhurt分数表达法分子（基数词为one）分母（序数词用单数）eg.1/3one-third1/5one-fifth分子（基数词不为one）分母+s（序数词用复数）`eg.2/3two-thirds3/5three-fifths百分数表达法：百分数+单n+单谓；百分数+复n+复谓75%：seventy-fivepercent90%:ninetypercent▲Morethan70%ofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredb