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Directspeech直接引语Indirectspeech间接引语.直接引述别人的话，要加引号用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号Theboysaid,”I’mreadingabook.”Directspeech直接引语Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech间接引语.1陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）一般现在时Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”现在进行时Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”一般将来时Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时→HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish.→Hesaidthathewaswritingaletter.Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday.•注：如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。•Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一随主二随宾第三人称不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变Shesaid,“Iliketennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“Youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedhelphim.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新记住：动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地点状语herethere动词comegothisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweek注意：(1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。(2)如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come不必改为go.(3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：1.Hesaid,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。•Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”•MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.2.直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句。用whether或if(是否）引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。Eg.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”疑问语序Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasastudent.陈述语序•特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。•Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatherasked•hisson.•Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑问语序陈述语序疑问语序陈述语序3.当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引语的祈使句变成带(not)to的不定式短语。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth“Openthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoopenthewindow.ask(ed)sb.todosth.“Don’topenthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.toldsb.nottodosth.(command)“Don’topenthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.ask(ed)sb.nottodosth.“Speaklouder,please,”hesaidtoher.“Canyouspeaklouder?”heaskedher.Heaskedhertospeaklouder.1Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。2.Theteachersaidtous,”Don’tplayinclass.Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.changethedirectspeechintoreportedspeech•1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”•Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.•2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”•Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.•3Thepoliceaskedtheman,“Whereareyougoing?”•Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing.•Summary1当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导主语（said)that+句子（时态往过去推)told2当直接引语是一般疑问句:用if引导whether主语（asked)if+一般疑问句(主谓结构）whether窍门（do/does/did去掉）（be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后）•3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（what/where等）•主语asked+what特殊疑问句（主谓）•where4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语+toldsb(not)todosthaskedordered