搜索
人教版新课标必修3Unit3全单元精讲讲义Unit3Ⅰ.要点导读重点单词1.Arichpersongivesyoualargeamountofmoneytouseasyoulike.Whatwillyoudo?(P17)amountn.通常用amountofsth“数量；数额”，一般修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。eg:Theamountofthemoneythathehaswastedisabout$10,000.alargeamountof与alargenumberof都可表示“大量的”，但前者修饰不可数名词；而后者修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。eg:Infact,alargeamountoffreshwateriswasted.Alargenumberofissueshavebeenraisedatthemeeting.2.Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.(P17)permit(1)vt.“允许；许可”，后接名词或代词；接动词时要用动词ing形式，即permitdoingsth；其后接复合宾语时，要用permitsbtodosth，表示“允许某人做某事”。eg:Theguardspermittedtheprisonersthreehours’exerciseaday.Wedon’tpermittalkingloudlyinthereadingroom.Herparentsdidn’tpermithertogototheconcertbyherself.(2)n.“执照；许可证”permission是其名词形式，with/withoutsb’spermission=with/withoutthepermissionofsb表示“经过/未经某人允许”。eg:Whenthepoliceaskedhimwhyhehadagun,hetookoutapermittohunt.Withtheteacher’spermission,shewenthomeearlierthanusual.3.Hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers’dinneronthetable.(P18)starevi.“盯；凝视”；表示“盯着……看”要用stareatsthvt.只能用在固定短语中eg:Theoldmanwasstaring,thinking.Doyoulikebeingstaredatinpublic?Don’tstarehimintheface.Heisalittlenervous.stareat与glareat的区别：stareat表示因吃惊、害怕或深思而张大眼睛看，常译作“盯着看；凝视“；glareat表示由于气愤张大眼睛用强烈的目光看，常译作“怒目而视”。eg:Suddenlyhesawtwoeyesglaringathimoutofthedarkness.4.ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.(P18)spot(1)vt.“发觉；找出”，其后可接that从句，也可以用spotsthdoingsth。eg:Hespottedafriendinthestreetandwentovertoher.Noonespottedthatthebanknotewasfake.Neighboursspottedsmokecomingoutofthehouse.(2)n.“污点；地点”。eg:HowcanIgetridofthespotsonmyclothes?Thisistheveryspotwheretheaccidenthappened.5.Patience,MrAdams.(P18)patiencen.[U]“忍耐力；耐心”，withpatience“耐心地”；havenopatiencewith…“对……忍无可忍”。eg:Iwillbethroughwithitinalittlewhile.Havealittlepatience.Afterwaitingforhalfanhour,hewasbeginningtolosepatience.patient是其形容词形式，常用搭配bepatientwithsb“对某人有耐心”。eg:Tomisverynaughtyandhismotherisnotpatientwithhim.经典短语1.Haveyouevermadeabetwithafriend?(P17)makeabet“打赌”；makeabeton…“就……打赌”；makeabetwith…“同……打赌”。eg:WemadeabetonthefootballmatchbetweenClassTwoandClassThree.betvi.“打赌”。在口语中Ibet…=Iamcertain…“我肯定……”eg:MrSmithspentmostofhismoneybettingonhorses.IbethewillwinthefirstprizeintheEnglishcompetition.2.Iwonder,Mr.Adams,ifyou’dmindusaskingyouafewquestions.Gorightahead.(P18)goahead是英语口语中的一个常用短语，意为“前进；继续；可以；往下说”，在此可根据句子的意思译为“请吧”。同with连用可表示“继续做……”eg:Sinceourplanhasbeenmade,let’sgoahead.Gostraightaheadandyouwillseethepostoffice.Afterashortrest,theywentaheadwiththeirexperiment.3.Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.(P18)byaccident=bychance“偶然；无意中；不小心”，在句中作状语。eg:Ifoundseveralgoldcoinsintheoldparcelquitebychance.4.Iearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.(P18)accountfor“导致；做出解释；占据；(在数量或比例上)占”。eg:Toomuchcarbondioxideaccountsforglobalwarming.Howdoyouaccountforyourabsencefromtheimportantmeeting?Studentsfromthecountrysideaccountfor60%thetotalinourschool.5.Itwouldbewrongofmenottotrustagentlemansuchasyourself,sir,evenifyoudodressinaratherusualway.(P22)evenif=eventhough“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常指把握性不大或假设的情况，从句中要用一般现在时来表示将要发生的动作。asthough=asif意为“似乎，好像”，既可以引导方式状语从句，也可引导表语从句，从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。asthough/if后面除了可以跟句子外，还可跟动词不定式、形容词、介词短语和分词。eg:Ifapencilispartlyputintothewateritlooksasifitwerebroken.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasiftoseewhetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.6.bringup“抚养；培养；教育；提出”eg:Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandmotherbecausebothhisparentsworkedinanothercity.Althoughbroughtupinabigcity,Jackpreferstoliveasimpleandpeacefullifeinthecountryside.Ⅱ.热点语法：名词性从句—表语从句和宾语从句名词性从句是指在复合句中的作用相当于名词，分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语，即名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。连接词的选用是考查的重点，that只起连结作用，在从句中不作任何成分；if和whether有词义；连接代词在从句中做主语、宾语和定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。eg:Iwonderwhathashappenedtohim.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmeryearbyyear.Whenhewillcomebackisnotknown.Whynottellmewhereweshalldiscussourplan?1.表语从句Thatiswhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.(P18)why是连接副词，引导表语从句，是名词性从句中的一种。why在表语从句中作逻辑上的原因状语。eg:Thisiswhyhewasabsentfromthemeeting.2.宾语从句Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyoumindusaskingafewquestions.(P18)Iwonderif/whether…是表示委婉请求的语句，通常比较正式。if引导的句子作wonder的宾语从句。注意：1)如果宾语从句为陈述句，连接词用that；宾语从句为一般疑问句，连接词用if或whether；宾语从句为特殊疑问句，连接词用原疑问词。eg:Ihope(that)youwillwritetomeassoonaspossible.Heaskedmeif(whether)IwouldgotoBeijingbyair.Iaminterestedinwhatyouaredoingnow.2)无论原句是陈述句、一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，在宾语从句中一律使用陈述句语序。eg:Theteacheraskedifyouhadfinishedyourhomework.Canyoutelluswhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin?3)主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可以是任何所需要的时态；主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用与其相应的过去的某种时态。eg:Ihearanewrestaurantwillbeopenedinthecitynextmonth.Shetoldusshehadborrowedthebookfromthelibrary.注：当宾语从句表示的是一个真理或一个永久性的事实时，其时态可不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时。eg:Theteachersaidmillionsofotherstarsareevenbiggerandbrighterthanthesun.语法专练：1.Shetearfullyexplainedshehadrecentlylostherhusbandinanaccident.A.whenB.howC.whyD.where2.Hewasclosetobeingkilledyesterday.Acarpassedhimathethoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that3.Heholdstheviewthatteacherdevelopmentisthekeytobettereducationlies.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.that4.Whatisthatbuilding?thebooksarestored.A.That’sthebuildingwhichB.ThatisinwhichC.ThebuildingthatD.Tha