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Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsPleaseretellthepassageaccordingtothepictures.RevisionBigBangAsolidballAtmosphereTheearthwaterPlantsinthewaterShellfishandfishPlantsonlandInsectsandamphibiansReptilesDinosaursMammalsLanguagepoints1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.Nooneseeswhathe’ssaying,asitistoohard.仿写：没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。2.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”thatthrewmatterinalldirections.beginwith=startwith：“以……开始”.1)tobeginwith=tostartwith以…为起点;开始(做)这两个词组都可以单独使用,表示“首先;第一;起初;最初”。在句中作时间状语。e.g.Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tlikehimatall.起初,我一句也没弄明白。3.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.[考点]what引导的主语从句，第一句what在从句中作become的宾语，第二句what在从句中作主语。[考例1]_____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（山东2008）A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As[点拨]选B。what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。若选it则应去掉第二个is；as引导定语从句，若选as则应去掉isthat。[考例2]______isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.（福建2008）A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which[点拨]what引导主语从句并且在从句中作sayanddo的宾语。4.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.1)violent猛烈的，激烈的2)whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;而if只能引导宾语从句。5.Theywereintimetoproducethewater...intime:soonerorlater;eventually;I’llseehimintime.intime(forsth./todosth.):notlateShewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.与time相关的短语:innotime立刻,马上attimes有时atatime每次;一次onceuponatime从前ontime按时;准时atonetime从前forthetimebeing暂时fromtimetotime不时地(sth)beto(do):1.不可避免要发生或必须，注定会发生。Sheistobehonouredforthisgreatwork.2.表示按计划、安排要发生的动作Whenaretheytohandintheirplan?3.表命令Tellhersheisnottobebacklate!6.…astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.随着地球的冷却,地球的表面就开始出现了水。1)cooldown变凉,冷却,平息,冷静晒了一天的太阳之后,他喜欢在海水中凉快一下。Afteradayinthesun,helikedto__________inthesea.他的话平息了她的怒气。Hiswords_____________heranger.cooldowncooleddowncooladj.凉快；冷静；冷淡v.（使）变冷；冷静下来1)Let’ssitintheshadeandgetcool.2)IknewIhadtokeepcool.3)Hisplayreceivedacoolresponsefromthepublic.4)Therainhascooledtheair.5)Letyoursoupcoolalittlebeforeyoudrinkit.6)Aheatedargumentcanbesettledbetterifbothsidescooldownfirst.7)Itriedtocoolherdownbutshewasstillveryangrywhensheleft.7.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbut,unliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.unlike:prep&adj不像，与...不同It'sunlikesbtodosth.做某事不像某人平常的样子It'sunlikeMarytodrinksomuch.Iwonderifsheisallright.unlikelyadj.likelyadj/advIt'sunlikely/likelythat...不可能/可能会sb/sthbelikely/unlikelytodosth某人可能会/不可能会8.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.水会对于生命的发展起关键作用,这一点在当时并不太明显。本句体现的是名词性从句在句中作主语的作用,虽然是以It开头,可是It只起到形式主语的作用,真正的主语是thatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife。用It做形式主语是因为that引导的从句较长,如果按照正常语序来安排的话就显得头重脚轻了。如:Itisnowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.ItisquitenecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell.9.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.1)Chainreaction连锁反应2)Makeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.使生命的发展成为可能makeit+adj./n.+forsb./sth.todosth.使得某人做某事很.../成为...这个学习方法可以让我们可以一起合作。Thiswayofstudy____________________________________.老师让他们跟容易地明白那个问题。Theteacher________________________________________________.makesitpossibleforustoworktogethermadeiteasyforthemtounderstandthequestion10.multiplyvi&vt乘，使增加，使繁殖加addvt.plusprep.减substractvt.minus.prep乘multiplyvt.times.prep除dividevt.by.prep2+2=4TwoplustwoisfourTwoaddedtotwoisfour4-2=2FourminustwoistwoTwosubstractedfromfouristwo2×2=4TwotimestwoisfourTwomultipliedbytwoisfour4÷2=2FourbytwoistwoFourdividedbytwoistwo11.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.lay-laid-laid-laying放,把......放在......;产卵Helaidhisbooksonthedesk.注意:lay(laid;laid;laying)放置;产卵lie(lay;lain;lying)躺;位于lie(lied;lied;lying)说谎Thenaughtyboy___tomethatthehenthat___therejustnowhad___twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD12.…theygavebirthtoyoungbabyanimals1)生（孩子）She’sjustgivenbirthtoahealthybabygirl.她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。2)产生Theextraordinaryexperiencegavebirthtohislatestnovel.这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。13.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这就是使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。阅读下列句子,注意prevent...from的意思和用法。1.Therewasnothingtopreventherfromdoingso.2.Wemustpreventthewaterfrombeingpolluted.3.Theemperororderedhisporterstopreventthespeakerenteringthebuilding.[归纳]prevent...from的意思是____________________________。from后多跟动词-ing形式(句1、句2)；有时可省略from(句3)。[拓展]近义短语有:stop...from阻止……干某事;keep...from阻止……干某事。注意:prevent和stop后的from都可以省略,而keep...from中的from则不能省略，如果省略了,其意义将发生改变。制止、阻止、使……不做某事1).Noonecanpreventtheplans___out.A.tobecarriedB.fromcarryingC.nottocarryD.frombeingcarried2).Theytriedtopreventtheplanefrom___ontherunway.A.landB.landingC.tolandD.beinglanded12.…theearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.地球可能会因此变得太热而不适合生物的生存。有关too的一些用法1)too作“太”讲。Thereistoomuchwater.水太多了。Thisshirtistoolargeforme.这衬衫我穿起来太大。Theproblemisrathertoohardforme.这个问题对我来说太难了。2)当“too＋adj.(形容词)＋inf.(动词不定式)”时,有两种不同的意义,一种为“太……以至(不)……”,在翻译时要加上一个否定词;另一种是“太……”,语意肯定,但too后的形容词常用ready,heavy,beautifu