定语从句和状语从句

第八部分从句的翻译从句的翻译•从句包括名词从句、定语从句和状语从句。•英语从句翻译要求较高的英文理解能力。•首先需要理清句子的语法关系。•然后分析句子间的从属关系。•最后，将这些句子按照中国人思维习惯或中文构句习惯的逻辑顺序或时间顺序重新排列。•外商接待•广州投资环境会议翻译任务外商接待广州投资环境会议名词性从句的翻译•名词从句：在句中起名词作用的从句。•主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。•翻译时，根据从句与主句的长短和紧密程度，可将从句译为句内成分或者处理为与主句并列的单句。主语从句的译法•Wherewearetodayhastobeoneofthemostcommerciallydynamicplacesintheworld.•我们今天所处的地方是全世界最具商业活力的地区之一。主语从句的译法•WhatIwanttosayisthatthecomputerInternetistransformingbusinessoperationpatterns.•我所要说的是，计算机因特网正在改变商务运作的模式。主语从句的译法•It’snowonderthatGuangdong,withonly3%ofChina’spopulation,produces9%ofitsGDP,attracts1/5ofitsforeigninvestment,andgenerates1/3ofitsexport.•广东仅生活着中国3%的人口，生产却占国内生产总值的9%，吸引外资总量的1/5，出口在整个中国占1/3，这并不让人感到奇怪。主语从句的译法•ItwasthereforeonlylogicalthatthefirstthoroughreforminGermanyin1948wasa“currencyreform”withtheintroductionoftheDeutscheMarkasanewmonetaryunitandatthesametimetheestablishmentofafixedrateofexchangewiththepreviouscurrency.•因此，唯一符合逻辑的是，1948年德国进行的彻底改革属于“货币改革”，期间德国马克被作为新的货币单位推出，而且同时建立了与以前的币种进行交换的固定汇率制。主语从句的译法•ItseemstomethattheFairhasgotthewholeChinabehindit.•我觉得整个中国都在支持这个交易会。宾语从句的译法•Guangdonghasabout16milliontelephoneusers.Thismeansthattheentiretrafficcouldbehandledbyfourfibers.•广东有1600万个电话用户，这意味着四根光纤就可以搞定整个信息交通了。宾语从句的译法•InternationalexperiencesuggeststhatInformationandCommunicationTechnology(ICT)infrastructureandservicescanhaveasubstantialimpactonthecompetitivenessoffirms,nationsandregions.•各国的经验表明，信息交流技术的基础设施和服务对于一个公司，一个国家乃至一个地区的竞争力都发挥着相当重要的作用。宾语从句的译法•Thisdramaticeconomicprogressshowswhatispossiblewhengovernmentsleavemoredecision-makingpowerinthehandsofprivateenterprisesandindividuals.•种种巨大的经济成就表明，政府允许私营企业和个人享有更多的决策权能带来什么样的变化。宾语从句的译法•ThislocalwisdomisverymuchinlinewithwhatwearedrivingtoachieveatKodakasweworktoexecuteonourstrategies.•这种本地化的智慧与柯达在执行战略时要努力达到的目标非常一致。宾语从句的译法•LastyearourCEOcommittedtheBPAmocoGrouptoacarbondioxideemissionreductiontargetof10%by2010,ona1990baseandtoreportingopenlyhowandwhereweareachievingthetargets.•去年，我们公司的首席执行官承诺BP阿莫科集团要在2010将二氧化碳的排放量在1990年的基础上削减10%，而且不断公开在这方面的发展情况。表语从句的译法•Thesecondgeneralmessageisthatfuturegrowthmustbesustainable.•第二个原则是，未来的增长必须具有可持续性。•Thegoodthingaboutourrelationshipisthatwewantnothingfromeachother.•我们的关系中有一点很好，那就是我们都不想从对方那里获得什么。同位语从句的译法•Infact,IhavenodoubtthatI’lllearninsomethingtodaythatIcantakehomeandsharewithotherleadersinNewYorkState,whereKodak’sheadquartersislocated.•事实上，今天我将学到一些东西，并能将我的收获带回去，和柯达总部所在地纽约州的其他领导们分享，对此我深信不疑。同位语从句的译法•LeadershipinthedigitalRenaissancewillbeabouttherealizationthateveryoneonthisearthisbornwiththepotentialtolead.•数字复兴的领袖将要努力实现使这个地球上每个人都有成为领袖的潜能。翻译练习•1.It’sestimatedthatbytheyear2010therevenueswillexceed9billionUSDperyear.•2．Itisoursincerewishthatwecontinuetoworkcloselytogetherenhanceourfriendlyrelationshipandtoensureasustainedgrowthinoureconomic,financialandtradecooperation.•3.Whatissimpleiseasytograsp,whatissimpleiseasytofollow,whatiseasytograspbecomesfamiliar,whatiseasytofollowiseffective,whatisfamiliarwillbecomehabit,whatiseffectiveisscalable,whatishabitualbecomesvirtue,whatisscalableenablesthevirtuousmantoachievegreatthings.•4.Itisimportanttorealizethatprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsdoesnotonlybenefitforeigncopyrightholders,itisevenmoreimportantfordomesticsoftwarecompanies.翻译练习•5.I’mwonderingwhytheGuangzhouMunicipalGovernmentdecidedtoundertakesuchagreatproject.•6.IguessthattheFairwastransferredtothisnewconstructionbecauseofitsexpansioninscale?•7.IbelievethattheBritishGovernmentwasthefirst,anywhereintheworld,toappointaMinisterwithspecificresponsibilitiesforCorporateSocialResponsibility.•8.YoumaywonderwhytheEUor–ingeneralterms–theworldeconomyneedsanti-dumpinglegislation.•9.MypredictionisthatGuangdongProvincewillnotonlyremainaneconomicpower,butwillalsobecomeamajorprovincewithadvancedhighereducationinthenearfuture.•10.I’mparticularlyhappywiththefactthattheUniversityTownissurroundedbythePearlRiver.定语从句的译法区分限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句•译为定语•译为单句•译为状语•译为其他成分限制性定语从句的译法•译为汉语定语•I’mhesitanttoofferadvicetoaprovincethathasbeensosuccessful.•为一个已经这样成功的省提建议，我不胜惶恐。限制性定语从句的译法•译为汉语定语•SustainabledevelopmentwasdefinedbytheUNCommissiononEnvironmentandDevelopmentin1987as“Developmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationtomeettheirownneeds.”•1987年联合国环境与发展委员会将可持续发展定义为“在满足目前需求时不会对未来后代满足他们的需求造成负面影响的发展。”限制性定语从句的译法•译为汉语定语•ThewholeworldiswatchingwithgreatinteresttheremarkablechangesthataretakingplaceinChina,particularlyinGuangzhou,athrivingandrobustmegalopolis.•整个世界都在以极大的兴趣注视着中国正在发生的巨大变化，尤其是注视着广州这座蓬勃向上的特大型城市所发生的巨大变化。限制性定语从句的译法•译为汉语定语•Alotofeffortisconcentratedonmaximizingtheamountofinformationthatcanbetransmittedusingthissinglewavelength.•研究的精力主要集中在如何使单一波长所传输的信息量达到最大化。限制性定语从句的译法•译为并列结构•某些定语从句较长，不宜处理为前置定语，宜译为和句中其他分句并列的单句，。•Therecomesapointinthegrowthofanyorganizationorregionwhenfuturedevelopmentcannotbesecuredsimplyby‘moreofthesame’.•广东的发展已经进入了一个转折点，在这个时刻，任何机构和地区的发展，都不能再机械地依靠“更多的重复过去”来实现。限制性定语从句的译法•译为并列结构•Astheleaderofaglobalcompanywhoseindustryisundergoingseismicchange,Iknowthatnobusinessandnoregionaleconomycanrelysolelyontheingredientsofitscurrentsuccesstopropelitin