宾语从句试讲15分钟

1.什么是宾语从句2.宾语从句三要素4.宾语从句的解题技巧3.宾语从句的考点Theyknowtheteacher.Theyknowthattheteacherisaman.AsentencewhichservesasobjectiscalledObjectClause.主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语从句宾语从句定义由一个句子来构成主句的宾语称为宾语从句陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):特殊疑问句:一般疑问句:祈使句:先____后_____(that)特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany...if/whethertell/asksb.(not)todo.主谓主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_________而定。主句为过去时，从句的时态用___________时态。实际情况相应的过去1.宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中需要运用陈述句语序。2.宾语从句的连接词，whether/if的选择需要根据语境来选择，三前两后原则3.宾语从句时态时态三原则任意性呼应性客观性宾语从句高频考点要点一：宾语从句的引导词宾语从句一般由下面一些词引导。1.that引导2.whether/if引导3.连接代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词whenwhywherehow。由连接代词引导的宾语从句whowhomwhosewhatwhichDoyouknowwhosechildheis?你知道他是谁的孩子吗？Doyourememberwhatyoushoulddonext?你记得你接下来应该做什么吗？Iwanttoknowwhichmedicinehehastaken.我要知道他服了哪种药。Pleasetellmewhocalledmejustnow.请告诉我刚才谁打电话给我。Idon’tknowwhomtheyarespeakingto.我不知道他的在跟谁讲话。•TheteacheraskedIwaslatetoday.•Doyoustillrememberhesaidinthemeeting?•Doyouknowtheyarewaitingfor?•Canyoutellmecountryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?•Ireallywanttoknowyourhometownis.•Nooneknowstheyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoever…whywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow【要点拓展】whether/if在表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时常可通用。但一下情况只可以用whether。介词后的宾语从句用whether引导。Wearetalkaboutwhetherwecangetthechance.。whether引导宾语从句可以与ornot连用Hedoesn’tknowwhethertheywillplanttreesonSaturdayornot.Whether引导的宾语从句可以置于句首。WhethertheywilljoininthepicnicIdon’tcare.在不定式前只用whether。I’mjustwonderingwhethertostayforanotherhour.Attention•Iaskedher__________shehadabike.•We’reworriedabout________heissafe.•Idon’tknow_________hehasrecoveredornot.•Hecan’tdecidetostay.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether要点二：宾语从句的语序宾语从句一律用陈述句语序。不论从句由哪个引导词引导，也不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句的结构均为“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。要点三：宾语从句的时态（有三条规则）⑴主语是现在时态，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态，没有限制。⑵主语是过去时态，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。⑶如果宾语是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.但是，同学们一定注意分辨客观真理。任意性呼应性客观性例如：HesaysthatLilyis(willbe/was)adoctor.他说莉莉是（将要成为/过去是）医生。I’lltellyouwhatIamdoing(did/shalldo).我将要告诉你我正在做（过去做/将要做）什么。1.如果主句是祈使句或是一般现在时或一般将来时态，宾语从句可根据句意选择任何一种时态。2.如果主句是一般过去时，则宾语从句常用表示相应的过去时态。例如：Therearenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.(Hesaid)5.Heisgoingtotakecareofthebaby.(Jimsaid)6.Theyarehavingameetingatthattime.(Marktoldus)主句是_____________，宾语从句用相应的_________一般将来时will+V原形现在完成时have+Vpp一般过去时过去将来时would+V原形过去进行时was/were+doing一般过去时was/were,V-ed过去时态一般be(am,is,are),现在时或V-s/es现在进行时am/is/are+doing过去完成时had+Vpp一般过去时was/were,V-ed过去完成时had+VppHesaidtherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.Jimsaid(that)hewouldtakecareofthebaby.Marktoldus(that)theywerehavingameetingatthattime.3.如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、谚语等时，主句即使使用了过去时，宾语从句仍然用一般现在时。例如：1).Hesaid(that)timeismoney.2).Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.3).Shesaidthatoneandonemakestwo.Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.（travel)习题演练2.宾语从句的语序—陈述语序。AreyoufromAmerica?（一般疑问句，疑问语序。）A.Idon’tknowwhatisthematter.B.Idon’tknowwhatthematteris.(What在从句中做主语时用这种语序)IwonderwhetheryouarefromAmericaornot.（陈述语序）1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_______thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput即时练习3.--Canyoumakesure_______?--Sorry,Ican’t.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego4.Iwantedtoknow_________.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlateCC