宾语从句课件_1_最新版

ObjectClause宾语从句重点和难点：1、由不同连接词引导的宾语从句2、宾语从句中的陈述语序3、宾语从句中时态的呼应问题一:什么是宾语?宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置于及物动词或介词后。Iloveyou.Iamfondofreadingbooksinthesun.Heboughtmeapen.HowishegettingalongwithhisEnglish?Wekeepitasecret.Iwillarrangemyholidayasfollows.问题二:什么是宾语从句?在复合句中作宾语的从句就叫作宾语从句，放在及物动词,介词和形容词后面。Ithink(that)yourclothesfitwell.Hecouldn’ttellmewherehishomewas.作及物动词的宾语作介词的宾语Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.Hetalkedofhowhehelpedtheoldman.作形容词的宾语Iamsure(that)youlookednicethatevening.Heisafraid(that)hecan’tgotonight.宾语从句的三要素：连接词陈述句语序时态呼应宾语从句的注意事项（一）引导词句子类型that陈述句一般疑问句If/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问句宾语从句的连接词：类别关联词特点１.从属连词that,whether/if只起连接作用，不充当从句成分。２.连接代词who,whom,what，which,whose起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语或宾语或定语３.连接副词when,where,how，why起连接作用外，还在从句中充当状语。由从属连词that引导的宾语从句:that无实际意义，不作句子成分，可以省略。1.他对我们说他不舒服。2.我知道他已经回来了。Hetoldusthathefeltill.Iknowhehasreturned.有时宾语从句可以用引词it作形式宾语。HemadeitclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.Ifindithardthatwecanfinishtheworkontime.他明确地说他宁愿学英语。我发现我们能按时完成这项工作很难。(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idon’tknow．Idon’tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.２．当一般疑问句充当宾语时，由________连接．if/whethereg:由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句1.Iwonder______________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）3.Iwonder_____itdoesn’train.(whether/if)if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhetheritisgoingtorainornot注意：1.whether…ornot是固定结构；2.宾语从句是否定句，只能用if。if注意：只能用whether不用if的三种情况一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①与ornot连用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.②在介词之后：Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.③在不定式之前：Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertogothere.1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgototheleacturetomorrow.2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.关联词比较whether/ifwhether/ifwhether1.Couldyoutellmewegettotheplace?A．howB．whetherC．whereD．what2.Theteachersaysshewillleaveamessageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A．ifB．whoC．thatD．what3.Iamnotsure____hewillcometomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.who4.---Doyouremember___hecame?---Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.ifAC解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词Exercises:BA（一）宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序宾语从句必须用________陈述语序Thereisashopnearhere.Isthereashopnearhere?5.Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater?A．MumisneededB．doesMumneedC．MumneedsD．didMumneed6.Canyoutellme?A．whereheisB．whereisheC．heiswhereD．whatishe7.Iwanttoknowhowlong.A．hashebeenbackB．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenbackD．hehascomebackCAC解题指导二：语序正常：连接词后紧跟主语+谓语，即宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。（三）宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________时态。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?任何2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.过去3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用_______时态。例如：Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.一般现在注意事项（二）从句时态主句时态现在时/一般将来时需要的任何时态过去时相应过去任何时态8.Ithoughthe____toseehismotherifhe_____time.A．willgo…hasB．willgo…willhaveC．wouldgo…wouldhaveD．wouldgo…had9.Doyouknow＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?A.whatthenewsareB.whatisthenewsC.whatthenewsisD.whatarethenewsＤＣ解题指导三:时态呼应若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句的时态要用过去的某个时态，客观真理除外。8.Ididn’tknowhowtoLondon?A．wouldtheygoB．aretheygoingC．theywouldgoD．theyaregoingC１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB巩固练习：I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。4．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?A.whatLilywasB.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLilyC3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.A.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshereC5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC7.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.whichA8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingC注意一:Iwish…后的宾语从句:翻译:1.我多希望我是一只小鸟。2.我希望我昨天能去看那场电影。3.我希望明年我就能大学毕业。(graduate)1.Iwish(that)Iwerealittlebird.2.Iwish(that)Icouldhavegonetoseethemovieyesterday.3.Iwish(that)Icouldgraduatefromcollegenextyear.Iwish...1.表示与现在事实想反的愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为were/did2.表示与过去事实想反的愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为haddone或could/wouldhavedone3.表示与将来事实想反的愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为could/would/mightdo注意二:在动词insist(坚持),order,command(命令)advise,propose,suggest(建议),demand(要求),request,require(请求)等后面的宾语从句中谓语动词要用(should)do1.他坚持我们应该在9:00之前完成作业。2.经理要求每人每天要按时上班。3.老师建议我们每天早上听英语。Answers:1.Heinsistedthatwe(should)finishthehomeworkbefore9:00.2.Themanagerdemandsthateveryone(should)gotoworkontimeeveryday.3.Theteachersuggeststhatwe(should)listentoEnglisheverymorning.当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，从句的否定要转移到主句中。Idon'tthinksheisright.我认为她不对。我相信他不会通过考试。注意三：否定转移Idon’tbelievehewillpasstheexam.1.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey__________(