宾语和表语从句【最新】

名词性从句主语从句（subjectclause）宾语从句（objectclause表语从句（predicativeclause）同位语从句（appositiveclause）Whathesaysisimportant.主语从句Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.表语从句Idon’tknowwherehewent.宾语从句Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.同位语从句判断以下句子是属于什么从句Whetherhewillworkthereisnotcertain.主语从句Thefactthatshewonthegamesurprisedus.同位语从句Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.主语从句Shealwaysthinksofhowshespentherchildhoodinthevillage.宾语从句Thathegotthefirstprizeisexciting.主语从句Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.表语从句连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever连接副词when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however连接词that(不充当从句的任何成分,一般不省略掉）whether,if（是否）asif/asthough（好象）引导名词性从句的关联词连接代词在句中充当名词的功能，如Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.what充当do的宾语。连接副词在句中充当状语，如Idon’tknowwherehewillgo.连接词在句中不充当成分，只起连接主句和从句的作用，如IknowthatheisfromChina.1.Idon'tknow______hisparents’jobsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhichThetroubleis____Ihavelosthisaddress.AthatBwhichCwhatDwhereThisis_____theyoncelived.AwhereBwhatCwhichDwhenMyquestionis____heleftornot.AwhetherBwhenCifDwhyWhich和what,that区别That不充当成分,what充当名词指物which指“哪一个”常有个范围.Iwillgototheshop,butIdon’tknow___ishouldbuy.IwillgototheshoptobuysomebooksbutIdon’tknow____oneIshouldbuy.IwillgototheshopandIknow___Iwillbuyabook.whatwhichthatthat不能省略的情况:一,引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句的时候一般不省略,引导宾语从句一般可以省略,但以下情况中也不能省略.1.有两个宾语从句.第一个that可以省略,第二个不能省略.如Ithink(that)itwouldrainthisafternoonandthatweshouldtaketheumbrella.2.跟在宾语从句中介词后面一般不省略如:Iknownothingabouthimexceptthathelovesbasketball.3.that引导的宾语从句,主从句中间有插入语.如Hesaid,inpeople’sopinion,thatweshouldlearnfrommistakes.4it充当形式宾语时候也不省略如Hemadeitclearthatweshouldn’tleaveuntil5o’clock.ItoldhimthatIhadalreadyboughthimaticketand____themoviewouldstartatseven.AwhatBwhichCthatDwhere只能用whether不能用if的情况.1.在主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether.2.碰到不定式也只能用whether.如:Hedoesn'tknowwhethertostayornot.3.介词后面也只能用whether,如:Itdependsonwhetherheisready.4.碰到ornot的时候也只能用whether,如Idon'tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.Whetherif可互换的时候在宾语从句中跟在及物动词后面可互换.如:Idon'tknowwhether/iftheywillcometohelpus.Theproblemis____weshouldputoffthemeeting.AwhichBwhatCifDwhether宾语从句一整个从句在句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句.Hetoldmethathehadgraduatedfromtheschool.动词宾语Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.介词宾语Iamsurethathewillkeephisword.形容词宾语宾语从句注意事项:1:在demand、order、suggest等词后宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：Herbossinsistedthatshe(should)doherworkalone.一坚持insist二命令ordercommand三建议suggestproposeadvise四要求requestrequiredemandask2.注意句子语序要用陈述语序。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.Pleasetellme______lastyear.AwheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworkedHisparents’suggestionis____he___hisschoolbeforehewantstofindajob.AwhetherfinishesBthatfinishesCwhatfinishDthatfinish3.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应.当主句动词是过去时态，从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftforAmerica．Hetoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasitShetoldme____China___intheeastofAsia.AthatliedBwhatliesCthatliesDiflied4.碰到以下词BEIST:b(believe),e(expect),I(imagine),s(suppose),t(think),引起的否定性宾语从句中，要否定前移。Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.Idon’tbelievehewilldoso,willhe?shethinksyouareright,doesn'tshe?主语是第一人称的时候的这些词引导的反意疑问句的时候,应该根据从句来反问.5.doubt引导的肯定句用whether/if.否定句用that.Idoubtwhetherhewillcometomorrow.Idon’tdoubtthathecandothejobwell.Ineverdoubt___shewillkeepherpromise.AthatBifCwhetherDwhatShecan’timaginesuchabigfirebrokeoutinthehotel,____?Adidit?Bcanshe?Cdidn’tit?Dcan’tshe?表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.That’sjustwhatIwant.表语从句他迟到的原因是因为他今天早上错过了火车.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainthismorning.需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof10.Thereasonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother’sbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill1.表语从句中that不省略.2.表语从句中不用if,而用whether来引导.3.because可引导表语从句,但其他表原因的如since,for,as不用于引导表语从句.1.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether1—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_____youhadafewdaysoff？（NMET1999）A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where(07湖南28)Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed，and____allthelightswereoff，theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.AwhyBthatCwhenDwhere(05山东26)Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor____hethoughtwasnotenough.AwhereBhowCwhatDwhich(07浙江5)Whynottryyourluckdowntown，Bob?That’s___thebestjobsare.AwhereBwhatCwhenDwhy.(07江苏25)Choosingtherightdictionarydependson____youwanttouseitfor.AwhatBwhyChowDwhether.(06北京29)—Couldyoudomeafavor?—Itdependson____itis.AwhichBwhicheverCwhatDwhatever