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被动语态专项ForClass1/11Grade3Grade32009.12.24Grade3Thepetdogiskeptinthecage.dogkeepinthecageGrade3Thetreewascutdown.treecutdownGrade3TheGuangjiBridgewasbuiltin1171.theGuangjiBridgeGuangjiBridgebuildin1171Grade3TheWorldTradeCenterattackin2001TheWorldTradeCenterwasattackedin2001.Grade3Theman-madesatellitewillbesentintospace.theman-madesatellitesendintospaceGrade3Theymustbesenttothehospital.Theysendtothehospital5.Theman-madesatellitewillbesentintospace.6.Theymustbesentintothehospitalrightnow.Grade31.Thepetdogiskeptinthecage.2.Thetreewascutdown.3.TheGuangjiBridgewasbuiltin1171.4.TheWorldTradeCenterwasattackedin2001.Thepassivevoice.被动语态英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.被动语态的构成:助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词一般现在时一般过去时am(is,are)+donewas(were)+done{Thepassivevoice.被动语态被动语态的用法:1.不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态.eg.Mybikewasstolenyesterday.ThiscarismadeinAmerican.2.不必要说出动作执行者时,常用.eg.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.3.为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.eg.Thousandsofbeachesarepolluted(污染).Thepassivevoice.被动语态主动语态变被动语态的结构图:Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.主语谓语动词过去时宾语时间状语主语谓语动词的过去分词宾语时间状语Thepassivevoice.被动语态主动语态改被动语态:Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.wasbyThepassivevoice.被动语态主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:1.把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语.2.把动词改为被动形式,即“be+过去分词”.注意be动词要按新的主语的人称和数进行变化,时态要和原来的主动语态的时态保持一致.3.原来主动语态句中的主语,如果需要,就放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现.如果没有必要就可以省略.其他的成分(定语,状语)不变,句式也不能变.一般现在时——am／is／are+V.ed一般过去时——was／were+V.ed情态动词——aux.v.(must／can…)+be+V.ed现在进行时——be(am、is、are)+being+V.ed过去进行时——be(was,were)+being+V.ed一般将来时——will/shall+be+V.ed过去将来时——would/should+be+V.ed现在完成时——have／has+been+V.ed过去完成时——had+been+V.edGrade3被动语态的构成：主语(承受者)＋be+V.ed＋(by执行者)＋其它1.WearegladthattheShenzhenUnderground_____verysoon.(2002深圳)A.willbecompletedB.willcompleteC.hascompletedD.hasbeencompleted2.Thecomputer_____inJapanin2003andIhavehaditforonlyoneweek.(04中考)A.wasmadeB.canbemadeC.ismadeD.made对被动语态句子时态的考核：1.由时间状语verysoon可以确定该句应该用一般将来时的被动语态。2.由时间状语in2003(过去的时间)，可以确定该句应该用一般过去时的被动语态。该考点常出现于完成句子当中，如：Theold________________politely.跟年长者讲话必须有礼貌。Grade33.MrJohnson’sstory___byeveryonewhoheardit.(2003广州)A.LaughedatB.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedat4.Don’tworry.Allthechildren_____bythenurses.(2002广州)A.arewelltakencareofB.takegoodcareofC.aretakengoodcareD.takegoodcare对短语动词被动语态的考核：3.短语动词”laughat”变为被动语态时后面的介词”at”不能漏掉。4.短语动词”takecareof”变为被动语态时”of”也不能漏掉。mustbespokento5.Lilyisoftenheard_____inherbedroom.(重庆)A.singB.singsC.tosingD.tosinging6.Theworkers_____frommorningtillnightintheolddays.(河北)A.aremadetoworkB.weremadeworkC.madetoworkD.weremadetowork对于省去to的动词不定式被动语态的考核：5.句式”hearsb.dosth.”改为被动语态时应该把do之前省去的to给加上：sb.beheardtodosth.6.“makesb.dosth.改为被动语态是:”sb.bemadetodosth.Grade37.Hewillgofishingifhiswork_____.(2003河北)A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone8.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust_____downtoomanytrees.(安徽)A.stoptocutB.stopfromcuttingC.bestoppedtocutD.bestoppedfromcutting被动语态知识点的综合考核：7.在条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时从句要用现在时，同时该句又应该用被动语态。8.对句式”stopsb.fromdoingsth.”被动语态的考核”sb.bestoppedfromdoingsth.”B选项如果去掉“from”，成为另一句式”stopdoingsth.”，也是对的。Grade39.Thetrafficaccident_____lastnight.(青岛)A.washappenB.washappenedC.happenedD.wastakenplace10.–Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?(辽宁)–Well.It’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool_____.A.wasbeatenB.wonC.scoredD.wasfailedGrade3不及物动词不能构成被动语态：9.happen\takeplace是不及物动词，用主动语态。10.fail也是不及物动词，所以排除D选项；B、C不符合句意；只有A选项才是对的。另外，部分”动词+副词”也常用成主动语态。如：Thebooksellswell.这本书很好卖。我们经常出错的不及物动词：happen,spread,cometrue,appear,rise等。系动词也不用于被动语态中（taste,smell,feel等）。Grade31.__________treesmust__________hereeveryyear.这儿每年都得植上千棵树。2.Iwas__________bytheheavysnow__________toschool.这场大雪阻止了我骑车上学。3.Thecomposition______________thedayaftertomorrow.后天该交作文。4.Theworkis____________.活儿差不多干完了。5.Allmobilephones___________________duringtheclass.在上课过程中所有的手机必须关闭。6.Fruittrees______________________onthesidesoftheroad.道路两旁不能种水果树。7.Theold______________________.老年人应该受到好的照顾。Thousandsofbeplantedstoppedfromridingmustbehandedinalmostfinishedmust/shouldbekeptoffmaynotbegrown/plantedmustbetakengoodcareofGrade31.ManypeoplespeakEnglishintheworld.2.Wediscussedthequestionatthemeeting.3.Theywillbuildthebridgenextyear.4.Wemustdoourhomeworkfirst.5.Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.6.IgaveJimsomebooksthismorning.7.Thebossmadehimdotheheavyworkintheolddays.8.WeoftenhearLilysingintheclass.9.Theylaughedathim.10.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheold.将下列句子变为被动语态。Grade3