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高考题型:语法填空三种考察类型：1.纯空格试题2.给出了动词的试题3.词类转换题从语法填空题的设置来看，至少应当包括以下3个特点一、考查语法。每一个空格的设置都必定涉及到某一条或某几条语法规则，不会单纯考查单词的拼写和词组的用法。例1InGreece,womenhadlittlefreedom.Wealthywomenhardlylefttheirhouses,butthey______(allow)toattendweddingsandsomefestivals.解析：因allow与they在逻辑上是动宾关系，要用被动语态，用beallowed；由had,left可知be是一般过去式；主语是复数they，be的过去式是were，答案是wereallowed。点评：此题就涉及到动词的时态、语态和主谓一致三条语法规则。例2The______whyIwassadwasthathedidn'tunderstandme.解析：因为why引导的定语从句，前面的先行词一定是reason。点评：此题看起来好像是考查填入恰当的名词，但实际上是考查定语从句。②Thisstrategysuggeststhatteachershaveconversationswithstudentstolearnabout_____.1.缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）①Suddenlythewallmoved---______wasmadeoftrees!itthemWith①_____thehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwastoblame.2.名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词②Intheearlystagesofparenting,thepositiveaspectsofhavingchildrenareovershadowedbynegativeexperiences,______alackofsleep,concernsaboutthechild’swell-being,orfinancialproblems.likeand①Eachwinnerreceivesagoldmedal,adiploma,____asumofmoney.3.若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词②Writedowneverythingyoueat____drinkinagivenday.and③Teacherssometimesspendmuchtimetalkingaboutstudentstotheirparents_____littletimeactuallytalkingtostudentsthemselves.④JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrect____heneededevidence.butbuttheirOnceayear,peoplewinthisprizefor_____workinphysics,chemistry,medicine,literature,economics,orworldpeace.4.名词前是空格，若该名词前无限定词，则很可能是填限定词，即冠词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格，基数词，序数词,量词或some,any,other(s),another等；5.若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词①It’salsoagoodideatotakenotesofemotionsrelatedto____youeat.②Thiswasverystrange____theearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemandallplanetswentroundit.whatif③Teachersshouldtakeadvantageofthemanymethods________canhelpthemlearnabouttheirstudents.④ThenhereturnedtoRussiatoworkwithhisfatherandmother,_____workedonexplosiveweapons.⑤Manypeoplesaidhewasabadperson______heinventeddestructiveweapons.Which/thatwhobecause6.若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do,does,did）①Totheircredit,thefourcountries____worktogetherinsomeareas.②TheybelievedGodhadmadetheworldandforthatreasontheearthwasspecialand_____bethecentreofthesolarsystem.domust二、考虑语境。既然采用短文的形式来考查语法，其目的就是要利用短文有较强语境的特点来命题，否则，就不如用单句来考查语法了。也就是说，考生要填出正确答案，至少需理解整个句子的意思或各分句之间的逻辑关系，或者需要理解前后几个句子，甚至整个段落或篇章。例4Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothe.Foremost,airandwaterqualityinmanycitieshaveimprovedasaresultofthe1970'spollutioncontrolefforts…解析：在冠词the后必定是名词，再根据下句可确定要填cities。点评：本题若只根据设空句本身，而不阅读并理解下文，是不可能填出正确答案的。三、适当提示。但是若涉及到动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词、词类转换等需要词形变化的空格.例7Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____(reach)arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.解析：reach及后面的内容是伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作状语，故填reaching。例8Itwouldbe______(believe)thatsuchanhonestfellowshouldhavebetrayedhisfriends!解析：因为在系动词be后作表语，要用believe的形容词形式believable；由句意“这样一个老实人竟会出卖朋友，真难以置信!”可知，还要在前面加上表示相反意义的前缀un，答案为unbelievable。1.给出了动词的试题首先，要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词。若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用Ving形式、Ved形式，还是用不定式形式（todo），确定方法如下：Ving形式表主动，进行或介词后Ved形式表被动，完成Todo形式表主动，将来，也作目的状语、结果状语及形容词后的状语①Hegotinterestedintwotheories_____(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.②Nobellefthisfortune______(create)theNobelPrize.③Hewasmostfamousfor______(build)weaponsofwar.④Myeyes_____(draw)toapackagethathadapictureofafridgeonit.explainingtocreatebuildingweredrawn⑤JohnSnow,awell-knowndoctorinLondon,become________(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho________(expose)tocholera.⑥Hisparents’company,______(call)“FutureTours”,__________(transport)mesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.⑦_________(worry)aboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.inspiredwereexposedcalledtransportedWorried2.词类转换题作表语，定语或补语，通常用形容词形式①Ihelpedhimknowhecouldbe______(help)toothers.②Thestudentsstudytheeffectsof____________(environment)realities.helpfulenvironmental作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语，用名词形式JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewith______(certain).certainty在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式①OnDecember10,theanniversaryofthe______(die)ofNobel…②Recognizingwhatyourbadeatinghabitsareisofgreat___________(important)incorrectingthebehavior.③Thisgavehima_________(value)clueaboutthecauseofthedisease.deathimportancevaluable修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式①______(sad)thelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplaceintoanotherbuilding.②Bybendingorpressingdowninyourseat,youcanmove______(swift).Sadlyswiftly有可能是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考察具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根后加-less等①Alsothemorechildrenyoungcoupleshave,the_________(happy)theybecome.②Yourmistakecausedalotof__________(necessary)workintheoffice.unhappierunnecessary备考策略1．不断记忆，积累词汇。2．夯实基础，学好语法。3．大声朗读，培养语感。4．坚持不懈，多做练习。Let’shaveatry:2010年高考题(广东省)Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater.1waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder2hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman3(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled4(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome5ahappyheart.Afterthestudentleft,t