1Unit19Lessonone1.getahead取得进步,获得成功getaheadwith/at/insth.在某方面取得成功getaheadofsb.领先某人getaheadwithone’swork.工作取得进展wanttogetaheadinlife想出人头地.他总是试图处处领先他人。Healwaystriestogetaheadofothersineverything.2standout显眼,引人注目他学习很好,在全班中非常突出。Hedoeswellinstudyandhestandsoutinhisclass.3absencen.缺乏,缺少,缺席intheabsenceof(由于)缺乏,不存在Weareintheabsenceofexperience.我们缺乏经验。absentadj.缺席的;v.缺席Howmanystudentsareabsenttoday?今天有多少学生缺席?4.taketheformof采取……的形式,以……的形式出现课堂是以讨论的形式进行的Theclass_tooktheformofdiscussformthehabitof形成……的习惯5besurroundedby被。。。。。。包围surroundingadj.周围的n.环境(复数快乐幸福围绕你。Joyandhappinesssurroundyou这个城市被一条河流包围着。Thecityissurroundedbyariver6keep..inmind记住请记住这些规则。Pleasekeeptheserulesinmind.7holdthekeyto…….的关键Workinghardisthekeytosuccess.努力是成功的关键。8.whether…or….不管,不论Youaregoingtohavetofacehimoneday,Whetheryoulikeitornot.9..adjustv.调整,校准;适应,习惯(1)adjuststh.(tosth.)调整(以适应/适合)(2)adjustto(doing)sth.适应(做)某事(3)adjustoneselftosth.使自己适应……一个人很难使自己适应他人的习惯。Itisdifficultforsomeoneto_adjusthimself/herselftoothershabits.要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。_Adjustyourlanguagetotheageofyouaudience.我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。2Myeyeshavenotadjustedtothedarkyet.10.Itwas\ispredictedthat据预测Itispredictedthatthescalesofnewcarswillnotbeverygoodthisyear.据预测今年新车销售不会太好。11.informv.通知;告诉①跟从句HeinformedmethathewasgoingtoEuropeonbusiness.他告诉我他因公出差去欧洲。②跟of或about引导的短语Hehasnotyetinformedmeofhisplansforholidays.他尚未把他的度假计划告诉我。③跟“疑问词+不定式”结构Hewillinformuswheretogo.他将通知我们去哪里。.12adequateadj.足够的,充分的;胜任的同义词:enoughinadequateadj.不够的,不充足的;不胜任的Thefoodsuppliesareinadequatetomeettheneedsofthehungry.食物供应还不足以应付饥民的需求。13.ensurevt.保证;担保(makesure)(1)ensuresb.sth.向某人担保某事(2)ensurethat+clause保证……1)务必确保所有窗户都关紧了。Pleaseensurethatallthewindowsareclosed(2)这药物能保证你有健康的体魄。Themedicinewillensureyouahealthybody14.enlargevocabulary扩大词汇量Unit19LessonTwo1.catchon明白,理解(understand);受欢迎(becomepopular)(1)那首新歌很快就流行起来。Thenewsongcaughtonreallyquickly(2)我明白了他的意思。Icaughtontowhathemeant(3)我终于明白他们在干什么了。Ifinallycaughtontowhattheyweredoing2.keepto坚持,遵守,信守,保持InEnglandtrafficmustkeeptotheleft.在英国,车辆必须靠左行驶。你得遵守诺言Youhavetokeeptoyourpromise.3.forages很久,很长时间Ihaven’tseenyouforages.我很久没见到你了。以age为核心的短语:3underage不足龄overage超龄attheageof在.……岁的时候我等了好长时间。_______________________________答案:Iwaitedforages.4.stopoff中途停留Youmustkeeptoworkhard,don’tstopoff.你要继续努力,不要中途停留。5.help(sb.)out帮助(某人)摆脱困境IsthereanythingIcandotohelpout?我能帮上忙吗?与help有关的一些用法:help可表示“有帮助的”Thismedicinewillprobablyhelp.这个药很有可能有用。helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助/协助某人做某事help(to)dosth.有助于做某事,帮忙做某事helpsb.withsth.帮助/协助某人做某事helponeself/sb.tosth.为自己/某人取食品、饮料等can/couldnothelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事,避免做某事6.dependon=relyon取决于,视……而定,依赖Choosingtherightbikedependsonwhatyouwanttouseitfor.Unit19LessonThree1.regardlessof不管,不顾(1)不管花费多少,我都打算买下那本书。I’mbuyingthebook,_regardlessofthecost(2)尽管以前我们失败过,但仍要坚持下去。Wewillgoonregardlessofpastfailures(3)走自己的路,让别人去说吧。Goyourownwayregardlessofwhatpeoplesay.2.consistof由……组成,由……构成Waterconsistsofhydrogenandoxygen.水由氢和氧组成。Theirdietconsistedlargelyofvegetables.他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。1)同义词:includevt.包括,包含,makeup组成2)常见短语consistof意为“由……组成,包括”,consistin意为“存在于”,consistwith意为“与……一致,并存”3)辨析:consistof,makeup和makeupof三者都表示“由……组成的”。consistof不能用于被动语态,相当于bemadeupof,后面是加组成的成分。makeupof用于被动语态。联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。4________________________________答案:TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.3.beawareof知道的,明白的,意识到的Shewasnotawareofhavingdonewrong.她仍然不知道做错了事。1)同义词:consciousadj.有意识的,有知觉的2)反义词:unawareadj.不知道的,没觉察到的3)同根词:awarenessn.知道;晓得4)aware作“知道的”讲时,是形容词,常作表语。常见短语:becomeawareof意识到asfarasIamaware...据我所知……belackofawareness缺乏意识5)辨析:aware,conscious和sensible三者都含有“意识到的”意思,但还有细微差别。aware指感官上的知觉,侧重“感官所意识到的外界事物”,如:Everybodyisawareoftheimportanceofknowledge.每个人都意识到了知识的重要性。conscious表示内心所意识到的感觉,侧重“心理感知”,如:Onemustbeconsciousofone’sshortcomings.人要有自知之明。4.onpurpose故意地(intentionally)byaccident(1)她故意把这个秘密告诉了他。Shetoldhimthesecretonpurpose(2)你故意打破了那个花瓶。Youbrokethatvaseonpurpose5.congratulateon祝贺,向。。。。。。道贺Wecongratuatedheronpassingtheexam.我们祝贺她通过了考试。6.differfrom与。。。。。。相异,不同于名词differenceWrittenlanguagesdiffersfromspokenlanguage.书面语言不同于口语。6.regardlessof,inspiteof与despiteregardlessof不理会,不顾Theydecoratedthehouseregardlessofcost.他们不惜成本装修这栋房子。inspiteof不顾,不管,尽管Theywentoutinspiteoftherain.尽管下着雨,他们还是出去了。despite不顾,不管,尽管Theyhadawonderfulholiday,despitethebadweather.尽管天气不好,他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。以上的用法都可用though或although+从句来代替。7.incase以防万一,以免后面可接从句,也可不接句子,常与just搭配构成justincase,表示“以防万一”。Writethetelephonenumberdownincaseyouforget.5把电话号码写下来以免忘了。Incaseyouneedsomething,pleasedon’thesitatetoletmeknow.如果你需要什么东西就跟我说,不要客气。8.resemblevt.像……;与……相似(lookorbelike)★派生:_resemblancen.相似类似■运用:用resemble翻译下列句子。(1)你的单车与我的差不多。Yourbicycleresemblesmine(2)你非常像你的母亲。Youresembledyourmotherveryclosely9.purchasevt.&n.购买(buy,buying)◆辨析:purchase是较为正式的用语,buy是普通用语,意义较为广泛。(1)你必须提前21天购票。_Youmustpurchaseyourtickets21daysinadvance(2)我打算在乡间买一所房子。Iintendtopurchaseahouseinthecountry10.approvaln.赞成,同意★派生:approvev赞成,同意(1)他用赞许的眼光看了看儿子。Shelookedathersonwithapproval(2)她想赢得父亲的同意。Shewantedtowinherfather’sapproval(3)他用微笑表示赞成。Heshowedhisapprovalbysmiling.11.ensurevt.保证;担保(makesure)★搭配:(1)ensuresb.sth.向某人担保某事(2)ensurethat+clause保证……(1)务必确保