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Chapter1Translation,anInterdisciplinaryCourseHowtoDefineTranslation•Translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.(Nida)•Translationmaybedefinedasfollows:Thereplacementoftexturalmaterialinonelanguage(SL)byequivalenttextualmaterialinanotherlanguage.(TL).(Catford)SpecificTerms•Sourcelanguage/SL•Targetlanguage/TLTrythesesentences•Shedidn’tmarryhimforlove.(weshouldpayenoughattentiontotheSL)•Wedochickenright.(weshouldpayenoughattentiontotheTL)•Idon’tcometothemeetingtobelaughedat.•她没有与他结婚是因为她爱他。•因为她爱着他,所以不能嫁给他!•她嫁给他不是因为爱.•翻译1:我们做鸡是对的?翻译3:我们就是做鸡的.翻译4:我们有做鸡的权利.翻译7:我们行使了鸡的权利.翻译11:我们有鸡的权利.翻译12:我们做鸡很正确.•Heisachicken/heisarat/mouse•Herecomesachick,ahotchick.•我出生于鸡年,鸡是中国十二生肖之一.•The12Animalyears.Animalsigns•Starsigns•Cockhenrubber/eraser•roosterDifferentTypesofTranslation•Intralingualtranslation&interlingualtranslation•Oraltranslation,writtentranslation&machinetranslation•TranslationofEnglishforscienceandtechnology,literarytranslation&practicalwritingtranslationRequirementsforatranslator•Basiclanguageskills•Asoundknowledgeoftheculturesofboththetargetlanguageandsourcelanguage•Agoodcommandoftranslationskills•FamiliaritywithdictionariesandtranslationtoolsPrinciplesonTranslation•Thesource-language-orientedorthetarget-language-orientedtranslationprinciple/fidelity•Theauthor-and-reader-orientedtranslationprinciple/fluency•Theaesthetic-orientedtranslationprinciple/elegance•Manyheadsarebetterthanone.•Neveroffertoteachfishtoswim.•三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮•一人计短,众人计长•不要班门弄斧.•不要关公面前耍大刀.•高人(专家)面前不要卖弄才学.•Itwasmorning,andthenewsunsparkledgoldacrosstheripplesofgentlesea.•清晨,太阳刚刚升起,闪着金光,穿过平静的海面的微波。•清晨，初升的太阳照着平静的海面，微波荡漾，闪耀着金色的光芒。TheProcessofTranslation•Comprehension-grammaticalanalysis,semanticanalysis,stylisticanalysisandtextanalysise.g.•Expressione.g.•Ididn’tmakeittothemeetingfortherain.•“Duck,“heshoutedtotheyoungmanwhowasstillunawareofthecomingdisaster.•“Wearesittingducks.”Hemurmuredtohiswife.•“Wherearewe?”Afterdatingthegirlfor3years,hecouldn’thelpasking.•“Getlost.”itneveroccurredtoAmythatherBFwouldbesocrueltoher.•Hewassoangrywithhisbossthathelostit.•Topassthiscourse,studentsmustattainanaverageof60%inthefollowingcategories:Participating:15%•Participatingisvitaltothelearningprocessanditincludesattendance,beingontime,comingtoclassprepared,interactingwithotherstudents,andparticipatinginclassroomdiscussions.Studentswhoarefrequentlyabsent,tardy,orrefusetoparticipatewillreceiveapoorparticipationgrade.Note:thereareNOexcusedabsences.Anyabsencesortardinesswillresultinalowerparticipationgrade.Homework:20%•Studentswillhavetocompleteperiodichomeworkassignmentsrelatedtothiscourse.(Includingreviewingandpreviewingthetext,etc)Theteachermayalsogivehomework/assignmentsoneachtopicdiscussedintheclassifnecessary.2or3quizzes15%•Theremayalsobe2or3quizzesthroughtheterm.Test:50%•Therewillbeonlyonetest:afinal,whichcoversthelectureandsomeunitsfromthetextbooks.Attendance:•Dailyattendancewillberecorded.Astudentwillgetsomepointsforparticipatingindiscussionandinteractingpositivelywithfellowclassmates.TeamworkTeams:4~6members,about8groupsWritedownnames&phonenumbersonanote,findabeautifulnameforyourteamandunderlinethenameofyourleader.Teamactivities:classroomdiscussion,datacollecting,researchworkandtranslationpractice.•Everystudentwritesashortessay(200words),exchangesitwithanotherstudentfromthesameteamandtranslatesitforeachother.Remember,itshouldbedoneevery2linesonpapersothattherewillbesomespacefortheotherstudenttowritedownthetranslatedversion.Topics•Onmoney,ondream,onmarriage,onfuture,onlove•Hedidn’tgototheUnitedStatestostudy.•Youcannotbetoocarefulindriving．•Ihavenoopinionofhim.•Ihaveagreat/highopinionofhim.•Nocomment•Heisnogood•Leveltests•Desirableresults•Heisnobetterthanmeinmath.•HisEnglishleavesnothingtobedesired•Tomisthelastpersonshewishestoseeintheworld.•Iwouldratherhavehisroomthanhiscompany.•我宁可要他的房子，也不要他的公司•我宁愿他不在–A．他的英语毫无希望。–B．他的英语无可挑剔。•MaryandI,wegowayback.•Sheiswayoutofyourleague•Hismotherdiedofdifficultlabor•hardlabor•Hismotherdiedinlabor•劳累而死vs难产而死•Doyouhaveafamily?•你成家了吗？•你有孩子了吗？•Eatone’swords•It‘sawisemanthatnevermakesmistakes．•It’sanillwindthatblowsnobodygood.•无论多么聪明的人，也难免犯错误。•凡事皆有利弊•Wehadfatchanceofwinning.•Itwasthreeyearssincehewasateacher•根本没什么机会•等于slim/nochance•DowehavesimilarcasesinChinese,inwhichantonymsconveythesamemeaninginasentence?•好容易才找到＝好不容易才找到。•我军大胜敌军＝我军大败敌军。•好不热闹=好热闹，好不威风=威风，•Fancyhouse•Bambooshoots•挥金如土•雨后春笋•spendmoneylikewater•springuplike•mushrooms•aluckydog•Loveme，lovemydog•Everydoghashis／itsday•toleadadog'slife•It’sadog-eat-dogworld•幸运儿；•爱屋及乌•凡人皆有得意时；•过着牛马不如的生活；•Anightperson•Apeopleperson•Entersociety•Anearlybird•Lovebirds•Mandarinduck•Anightperson•Apeopleperson•Entersociety•Anearlybird•夜猫子•善交际的人•进入社会/进入社交圈？•早起的人翻译成英语•黑夜给了我黑色的眼睛，我却用它寻找光明！•Theblacknightgivesmeapairofblackeyes,whileIusethemtolookforbrightness.•Thedarknightgivesmeapairofblackeyes,whileIusethemtolookforbrightness.•Thedarknightgivesmeapairofdarkeyes,whileIusethemtolookforbrightness