搜索
1.todo2.-ing3.done1.谓语动词：概述：2.非谓语词：在句子中担任谓语的动词是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词讲解一：谓语动词与非谓语动词判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法1.Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.2.Shegotoffthebus,but______(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leavingleft非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。1.Themantookoutthekey,_________(open)thedoorandenteredtheroom.2.Themansatthere,_________(read)abook.3._______(work)hard,andyouwillsucceed.4.Thequestion___________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.5.___________(improve)hisspokenEnglish,Mr.ZhanggoestotheEnglishcornereverySaturday.openedreadingWorkdiscussedToimprove非谓语不定式（todo)分词动名词（-ing)过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)v-ingv-ed非谓语动词讲解二：构成动词不定式的基本形式主动语态被动语态一般式完成式进行式todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoing\由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成有时为了强调也可用never不定式时态的用法1.不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，或之后发生,用一般时态1)Hewanted___________(see)you.2)Ihope___________(see)youagain.toseetoseetobereadingtohavewrittentohavebeenworking4.强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去时，用完成进行式Sheissaid(work)ontheproblemformanyyears.3.强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时Heissaid_________________(write)anovellastyear.2.强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态WhenIcamein,hepretended(read)abook.分词的基本形式被动语态完成式主动语态一般式过去分词现在分词doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone\done及物动词（do)不及物动词(go)主动语态havinggonegonegoing3）否定形式“not+分词”。◇Nothavingfoundherchild,themotherwasveryworried.{注意}1)现在分词一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或此时正在进行的行为；完成式（having+过去分词)表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。◇Seeingfromhere,wecanhaveagoodviewoftheBird’sNest.◇Havingfinishedthelessons,allthestudentswentbackhome.2)过去分词表示在谓语动词的动作之前发生，本身表示被动含义，没有完成式。非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√非谓语动词讲解三：句法作用动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。IwanttoseeyouthiseveningAllyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottodrinkcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补动词不定式动词-ing形式动词过去分词一般式tododoingdone一般被动式tobedonebeingdone完成式tohavedonehavingdone完成被动式tohavebeendonehavingbeendone进行式tobedoing完成进行式tohavebeendoing非谓语动词的形式（以do为例）1.Tomreturnedfromthemanager’soffice,tellingmethatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.2.Thenewsmeeting,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.3.HavingreachedtheverypeakoftheEverest,theclimberscheeredagainstthefiercenorthwind.4.Hekeepsbuyingexpensivemaps.5.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.6.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.7.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowersboughtbyhermother.8.Toliveistostruggle.(生活就是斗争。)找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）下面从二个方面来复习非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的七大经典原则2.非谓语动词解题四大步骤一.非谓语动词的七大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.（2007江西卷）A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和B。另外，由于“他”与“训练”为被动关系，故选D。如：Shegotupveryearlytocatchupthefirstbus.2._____thiscake，you’llneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.（2006广东卷）A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Makingtocatchupthefirstbus.3.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.(2007湖南卷)A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.Beingmoved4.Hesat_____toher______thestairs.A.tolisten;toclimbB.listening;toclimbC.listening;climbD.listening;toclimbing【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所以用-ing作伴随状语；listento后跟不带to的不定式/-ing作宾补。【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当时持续了一会儿，故用-ing。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动，心想自己该怎么办。原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.listento…do/doing…－ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要在谓语动词的动作后发生,且前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空1.Writetotheeditor,________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．（hope）2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,______alongspeech.(prepare)4.___________warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingtoresthopingTokeep,,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.（2007天津卷）A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet【解析]此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.6.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.（2005山东卷）A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching8.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.（2006陕西卷）A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told7.Hehurriedtothestation,only______thatthetrainhadleft.(2005广东卷)A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的结果。练一练：ThecaptaingotmetobelievethatthewaterwassowarmsoIwentoffintothePacifictoswimashoretoanisland,only_______(discover)hisideaofwarmwasn’tquitethesameasmine.Helefthishometown20yearsago,never________(see)again.Helefthishometown20yearsago,never_______(return)tobeseentoreturntodiscover扩展：S+V+…,+nevertodosth/tobedone某人做…从未/再也不…/不被…原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.9.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_