非谓语动词用法精讲-doing

非谓语动词谓语动词动名词gerund不定式infinitive分词participle1．性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。主语定语宾语表语状语宾语补足语不定式过去分词××v-ing形式•3．语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。现在分词与动名词Swimmingisherfavoritesport.Learningisimportanttomodernlife.Theywentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Irememberedsendinghimane-maillastweek.（前）HesuggestedtakingmydaughtertothezoothenextSunday.（后）Havinglivedinthiscityforthreeyears,sheknowsitverywell.Ireallyregrettedmissingsuchanexcitinglecture.=IreallyregrettedhavingmissedsuchanexcitinglectureWerememberedseeingthefilm.(=Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.)Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.Ican‘tstandbeingkeptwaiting.Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseetheschoollibrary.Hisnotcomingmadeeveryonepresentverydisappointed.Seeingisbelieving.=Toseeistobelieve.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.It‘sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.talkingtohim.telephoninghim.Heisnotwillingtocome.makinganeffort.sayingwhenitwillstopraining.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.HerjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleTheproblemisquitepuzzling.1.Herworkis______(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsinghuaUniversity.3.Oneofmybadhabitis___(bite)nails（指甲）.1能用动词-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，◎只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，◎可用动词-ing形式作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语。①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词suggestdoingitinadifferentway.必背admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免putoff推迟keep保持consider考虑delay耽搁dislike嫌恶resist抵制mention提及enjoy喜欢escape避免excuse原谅practice练习mind介意fancy想不到feellike意欲finish完成risk冒险include包括forgive原谅giveup放弃suggest建议miss逃过imagine设想cannothelp情不自禁。1.Hewasinlowspiritsandevenconsider_____(go)away.2.Practise_____(put)yourhandtotheground.3.Ican’thelp______(have)thetriptoBritain.4.Don’ttellmeyoualwaysescape_____(fine)becauseyouhaveafastsportscar.5.Leaveoff______(bite)yournails!6.Hedidn’tfeellike______(work),sohesuggested_____(spend)thedayinthegarden.7.Youcertainlymustn’tmiss_______(see)thewonderfulfilm.8.Thedoctoradvised____(stay)longerinhospital.9.Weappreciateyour_____(want)______(help)usinourdifficulties.10.Michaelhasdelayed___(write)tohertilltoday.11.Thelawforbids______(sell)liquortochildren.12.Theyallsuggested______(give)morechances.13.Canyouimagine______(leave)standingoutsideforawholenight.14.Theybuiltthebankstopreventtheareafrom______(flood).这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：☆有些动词，如attempt,continue,hate,intend,like,love,prefer等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。Theypreferspending/tospendtheirsummervacationinDalian.Iintendtobuy/buyinganEnglish-Chinesedictionary.提示应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing形式IamstartingtolearnRussian.避免说：IamstartinglearningRussian.cometodo★表示一个渐渐发展的过程Ihopeweshallbefriendsandcometounderstandoneanother.comedoing★表示陪衬性的动作Itwasalreadytwoo'clockwhenshecamehurryingin.★做完一件事后，接下去做另外一件事Havingfinishedtheexercises,wewentontolearnthenewwordsinthenextunit.★继续做同一件事。Thoughitwasrainingheavily,theywentonworking。★想要做某事Ididn‘tmeantohurtyou.。★意味着要有一个结果Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.。★对即将要做的事表示遗憾IregrettosayImustleavetomorrow.★对所做的事感到后悔Iregretnothavingtoldherearlier.★指将来的事，表示“不要忘记”Remembertolockthedoorwhenyouleave.★讲的是过去的事，表示“记起来”Irememberpostingthatletter.forgettodo★忘记要做某事Shenearlyforgottogivetheporteratipforhisservice.forgetdoing★忘记以前曾做过的事I'llneverforgetmeetingmyschoolheadmasterforthefirsttime.stoptodo★停止原来做的事，开始做另一件事Whileworking,hestoppedtotalkwithTomattimes.stopdoing★停止正在做的事Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom,thepupilsstoppedtalking.trytodo★设法做某事Imusttrytogeteverythingreadybeforehearrives.trydoing★试验做某事Wouldyoupleasetrydoingthatagain?doingtobedoneYourcompositionneedscorrecting/tobecorrected.Hiscoatwantscleaning/tobecleaned.Theoldwomanrequireslookingaftercarefully/tobelookedaftercarefully.动词-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。Weheardthechildrenshoutingupstairs.Ifeltmyheartbeatingviolently.ing正在进行不定式发生结束Hesawagirlgettingonthebus.Hesawagirlgetonthebusanddriveoff.Theyshouldnotleaveuswonderingwhattheywilldonext.Iwon‘thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.一系列Isawhimentertheroomsitdownandlightacigarette.。areadingroom=aroomwhichisusedforreading阅览室runningshoes=shoesforrunning跑鞋aworkingmethod=amethodofworking工作方法adrawingboard画板asewingmachine缝纫机aswimmingpool游泳池awaitingroom候车室adiningcar餐车adrivingpermit驾驶许可证asingingcompetition歌咏比赛awalkingstick手杖②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping发展中国家anordinary-lookinghouse=ahousethatlooksordinary看起来很普通的房子apuzzlingproblem=aproblemthatpuzzlessomebody困扰人的问题adog狂吠的狗aplay令人失望的戏剧anadventure惊人的冒险ababy熟睡的婴儿water正在沸腾的水sight逐渐衰退的视力thesun落日theweek下一周Thebottlecontainingvinegarshouldbesenttothelaboratory.Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.①作定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。【误】Theprofessorcominghereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.【正】Theprofessorwhocamehereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.②动词-ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作定语。【误】Thetemplehavingbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.【正】Thetemplewhichhasbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.句首句末1表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.(=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations...)2表示原因，相