项目管理 Project Management Seminar

ProjectManagementLeadershipNickArnoldDecember2002AgendaManagingbyProjectRecognizingProjectOrganizationsChallengesofProjectOrganizationsBestPracticeInfrastructure&CommunicationBestPracticeOrganizationandHumanCapitalProjectHR&Leadership世界顶尖企业转型平整化突破界限按级别划分/部门划分实业型经济整合与外部采办合资、联盟、合作合并、收购、分拆知识型经济-business静态动态-culture国际网络-TomPetersBusinessGuru“Intheneweconomy,allworkisprojectwork.”NewEconomyTransformationsWhyismostworkProjectWork?Morefocusandvalueonhumanandintellectualcapital(Knowledgeworkers)–Shiftfromprimaryfocusonproductandmanufacturing/distribution/retailcapabilitiesEmpowerandmanagepeopleviaprojectsSolutionstailoredtocustomer–Solutionsincludeproductsandservices–CustomersincludeinternalandexternalManagesolutiondeliveryasprojectsBusinessagilitytoadjusttomarketMoregranularcontrolviaprojects75%TransformationsFail95%oftheseareHRRelatedQualitystabilizesanOrganizationProductivitydisruptsandorganizationProductivitymustcomefirstLockinwithQualityUSAQualityissue1973-1995–Between’73and’95productivitygrowthdroppedfrom3%to1%andyear–LoosingEst.$10TrilioninGDPTheQualityVsProductivityWhyprojectsystemsmustbeflexible?WhatisaProject“Atemporaryendeavorundertakentocreateauniqueproduct,service,orresult.”–Temporary-Projects,unlikeoperations,haveadefinitebeginningandend,withadefinedbudget,timeframe,andscope.–Unique-Everyprojectisdifferent,evenifit’sforasimilarproduct,service,orresult.–Performedbycross-functionalprojectteams,peoplewhoarebroughttogetherfromvariousgroupsspecificallyforthateffort–Projectsareconstrainedbylimitedresourcesandmustbeplanned,executed,andcontrolled.ProjectManagementInstitutePMBOK2000ProductLifecycleProjectsaspartofPlanningandExecutionProjectServicesImplementationServicesProductSupplyChainProductSalesandSupportProjectServicesProductDevelopmentLifecycleProjectServicesProductDataManagementWarranty&SupportServices•Development•Rollout•Implementation•TrainingPlanningandExecutionSystems•Strategy•ImplementationManagebyProjectAsMeanstoImplementBusinessStrategyBusinessinitiativesmanagedasprojects–Internalmanagementanddeploymentofresourcesforunique,non-operationalefforts–Regardlessofyourproductsand/orservicesEnterprisemanagementandcontrolofacompany’sprojectportfolioviaprojectoffice–Drivenacrossenterpriseoperations–Visibilitytoallprojectstakeholders–Strategicdecisionmakingbasedonintegration,prioritization,communication,andcontrolofprojectsBenefitsofManagingbyProjectEnhanceyourorganization’svisibility,accountability,control,andagility.–Visibility:Viewofallorganizationinitiativesbrokendownbyprojects–Accountability:Ownershipoftheprojects–Control:OngoingmanagementoftheprojectsbasedonmanyKPIs–Agility:OngoingevaluationandreviewofprojectsBenefitsofManagingbyProjectIllustrationofGLvsProjectVisibility,Accountability,Control,andAgility$400,000$88,000$25,000100$513,000$525,000+$8,000SalariesExpensesOverheadHeadcountTotal(Actual)BudgetVarianceByTraditionalReporting:MonthlyGL-basedReportsProjectOneProjectTwoProjectThreeProjectFourProjectFiveByProjectandProgram:WeeklyStatus,Utilization,WorkforcePlanning,andmore!WorkforcePlanningResourceUtilizationOverallProjectStatusProgramACostCenter800….ExampleWeeklyProgressReportBenefitsofManagingbyProjectProjectProgressReportandKPIsFinancialsImplementationABCCorporationAmyMarlinInTrouble2keyrolestobestaffed31-Mar-200130-Apr-20011872450445%48%194,578413,340361,000356,500-16%28%-7ProjectCustomerProjectManagerProgressStatusHighlightsOriginalCompletionDateEstimatedCompletionDateLaborHourstoDateLaborHoursEAC%CompleteEarnedValueActualCosttoDateForecastCostPriorForecastCostBudgetCostForecasttoBudgetCostVariance%ForecastMargin%ForecasttoBudgetMarginVarianceActivityResponsibilityOverallStatusFinancialAccountabilityandControlMarginatProjectLevel(forcontractprojects)ProgressProgressionofProjectManagementProjectAccountingandProjectManagementEnterpriseProjectManagementCollaborativeProjectManagementAgendaManagingbyProjectRecognizingProjectOrganizationsChallengesofProjectOrganizationsBestPracticeInfrastructure&CommunicationBestPracticeOrganizationandHumanCapitalProjectHR&LeadershipTypesofProjectOrganizationsServiceFirmsandLinesofBusiness–Enterprisefocusedonprovidingservicetoothercompanies(Consulting,Engineering&Construction,Staffing,Advertising)–ServicesLOBwithinalargerenterprise(Development,ImplementationServicesinProductCompany)ServiceDepartmentsWithinanEnterprise–Departmentsthatprovideservicestootherorganizationswithintheenterprise(IT,Marketing,Research&Development,CapitalImprovements,Training)EverycompanyhasProjectOrganizationsintheirstructure.TypesofProjectsContractServices•BillbasedondeliverablesorworkperformedTypicalIndustries•ProfessionalServices•EngineeringDesign•Construction•GovtContractors•HigherEd/Research•OutsourcingTraditionalProjectCompanies:Project-CentricBusinessTypesofProjectsContractServices•BillbasedondeliverablesorworkperformedTypicalIndustries•ProfessionalServices•EngineeringDesign•Construction•GovtContractors•HigherEd/Research•OutsourcingTraditionalProjectCompani