考研写作3

考研写作3连俊霞北京新东方学校二、短文写作思路形成3.1历年有图真题要求汇总（1）寓意的积极性与消极性？5篇积极；9篇消极（2）题目要求分类？14—interpret/explainitsintendedmeaning10—describethepicture(s)/photo(s)/drawing10—giveyourcomments/suggestion4—supportyourviewwithexamples2—giveyourreasons1—predictthetendency2020/3/3Writing2寓意说明段图画描述段建议措施段举例说明段原因分析段预测未来段二、短文写作思路形成3.2有图作文思路形成（1）写作三段论•首段——图画描述段•中间段1——寓意说明段+原因分析段中间段2——寓意说明段+举例说明段•尾端——建议措施段2020/3/3Writing3消极寓意类积极寓意类二、短文写作思路形成1.2有图作文思路形成（2）三段安排等边六边形结构——三段论2020/3/3Writing4首段3-4句中间段5-6句尾段3-4句三、高分范文得分解密3.1图画描述段三至四句(50-55词)：第一句对画面简单概括且配有同位成分；第二三句描述画面内容（两幅图每幅图一句，一幅图找两个因素各一句）；第四句将图画下方中文翻译为英语（如果有）Thisisaninterestingandthought-provokingpicturewhichdepicts/describes…Thepictureshocksusbeyonddescriptioninthatitdepicts/describes…2020/3/3Writing53.1图画描述段•（2004）Thisisquiteanextraordinaryandmeaningfulpicture.1Alad,sweatingallover,dashedtotheendofracetrack.Withtriumphantsmileonhisface,however,heissurprisedtofindsomethingodd—notfarandinfrontoftheendingline,thereisanarrowhead,saying“START”.2Fora5000-meterrace,thisracetrackdoesseemstrange;butwhenexpandingourvision-fieldtothewholesociety,we’llfindalmosteverytrackofendeavoringresemble—everyendmayfind（maybefound）tobeanewstartinreality.387words2020/3/3Writing6分词作定语分词作定语插入强调分词作状语3.1图画描述段•（2009）Asisillustratedinthecartoon,1each(every)personsitsintheirownworkroom.Infrontofthemisacomputer.Everyonelooksatthescreencarefully,andcommunicate(s)withtheircolleaguesthroughthenetinsteadoftalkingfacetoface.Theirworkplacesareplacedlikeanet.2Andbelowthecartoon,thereisatopicwhichsays:thenearandfaramongtheInternet.366words2020/3/3Writing7定语从句三、高分范文得分解密3.2寓意说明段+原因分析段（1）五至六句(80-90词)：第一句说明寓意(承上启下)；第二句说明原因如下；第三四句一个原因及扩展；第五六句一个原因及扩展。具体化——切忌以理说理。（2）常见原因——法律法规不完善、教育体制不健全、个人意识较薄弱(选一，原创一)2020/3/3Writing8常见原因•Thelackofseriouspunishmentaccordingtothelawsandregulationsisthecorereasonof…,whichprovidesthechancesforpeopletodothemisdeeds/wrongdoings.•People’sawarenessisnotthatstrongin…,whichisdecisivetothephenomenon.•Thedistorted/insufficient/inadequateeducationmayleadtothepervasivenessof…2020/3/3Writing9三、高分范文得分解密3.2寓意说明段+原因分析段（1）五至六句(80-90词)：第一句说明寓意(承上启下)；第二句说明原因如下；第三四句一个原因及扩展；第五六句一个原因及扩展。具体化——切忌以理说理。（2）常见原因——法律法规不完善、教育体制不健全、个人意识较薄弱(选一，原创一)（3）扩展方式——举例论证、数据论证、借用常识、引用权威、结果推导2020/3/3Writing10（1）举例论证Forexample,forinstance,take…forexample,…providesanillustration.（2）数据论证Asisshowninthestatisticsofarecentsurveylaunchedbyanon-profitinstitution,theincrease/declineof…issoprominentthattheresultscausedbyitmaybeconcludedasfollows.Thenationalstatisticson…indicate…原因扩展方式(3)借用常识Asisknowntoeveryone,….Itisofeveryone’scommonsensethat….(4)引用权威Asaninfluentialpersonputsit,“…”.…(原因),whichechoesafamousperson’sremark,“…”.(5)结果推导Hence,theresultscausedbyitmaybeconcludedasfollows.原因扩展方式3.2寓意说明+原因分析段•2007•whenweighinginthemind,wefindthereisanapparenttendencyunderlyingthisphenomenon:thelackofconfidence.1Firstly,itiswell-knownthatweexistinadynamicworldwithvariousdifficulties.Wecandonothingbutfacethem.2Secondly,attitudeisthekeypointtotakethefirststep.Assumebraveryandconfidencetosolvetheproblem,youwillfindthequestionisnotas“huge”asyouimagine.2020/3/3Writing13分词作状语分词作定语形式主语句assume状语：assumesth.todo比较结构3.2寓意说明+原因分析段•Takeusforexample,(.)the(The)entranceexamforgraduatestudentsevenseemstobeahorriblemonsterbeforeus.Somepeoplegiveup,somepersist.So,withconfidenceandtherightassessmentofthedifficulties,tryandexertyourstrength,andthenwewillovercomeallproblems.3•117words•举例论证2020/3/3Writing14isevenseenaswhileothers3.2寓意说明+原因分析段•（1997）However,thetobaccoconsumptionisexperiencingadecrease.1Accordingtothegivenfigures,thetobaccoproductionin1994was14.364billionpoundswhilein1995itreducedto14.2billionpounds.Thisismainlybecause2moreandmorepeoplehavebecomeawareoftheharmofsmokingtohumanbeings.Manyofthemresisttheaddictiontotobaccoandadvisepeoplearoundnottosmoke.2020/3/3Writing15意识增强结果推导3.2寓意说明+原因分析段•Furthermore,governmentsofmanycountriesrealizingtheseriouseffectsoftobaccohavetakeneffectivemeasurestocallonpeopletogiveupsmoking.SoIbelieveahealthytomorrowoflesstobaccowillbeachievedthrougheffortsofeveryperson.3•105words2020/3/3Writing16分词作定语政府出招结果推导3.2寓意说明+原因分析段•原因分析常用过渡句：Thefollowingreasonsmayberesponsibleforthemeaningdeducedabove.Therearetwomainreasonsaccountingforthesymbolicmeaning.Themainreasonforthephenomenonisthat….Anothermajorreasonisthat…Itismainlybecause….Itispartlydecidedbythefactthat…2020/3/3Writing17三、高分范文得分解密3.3寓意说明段+举例说明段（1）五至六句(80-90词)：第一句说明寓意(承上启下)；第二句说明如下事例可以证明；第三四句一个事例及扩展；第五六句另一个扩展。具体化——切忌以理说理。（2）注意事项——切忌例子私人化。（3）扩展方式——数据论证、借用常识、引用权威、因果论证、比较论证•例中人/例中事behave(s)/occur(s)inthesamewaythat图中人/图中事do(es)inthepicture.2020/3/3Writing183.3寓意说明+举例说明•（1998）Itseemsreasonablewhenpeoplelaughatthecartoon,butitwouldnolongerbelaughablewhenpeoplefindsimilarthingstakingplaceinourdailylife.1Recentlythereisatrendofmakingpromisesinvariousfieldsofoursociety.Fromdepartmentsofgovernmenttocommonshoppingcenters,manybusinesseswhosupplyproductsorofferserviceshavemadevariouspromisestotheircustomersorservicereceivers.22020/3/3Writing19分词作定语定语从句3.3寓意说明+举例说明•Theyasserttheirproductstobeofgoodqualityorpromis