药学英语+Unit+Three+A+B(1)

UnitThreePharmacologyTextA:Pharmacokinetics药动学一、词汇•1.absorption吸收•2.distribution分布•3.metabolism[me’tQBELizEM]代谢•4.excretion[eks’kri:SEn]排泄•5.aspirin[’Qspirin]阿司匹林，乙酰水杨酸•6.inhibitor抑制剂–activator激活剂•7.routeofadministration给药途径–p.o，口服–im，肌肉注射–iv.，静脉注射–ivgtt，静脉滴注；•8.doseinterval给药间隔–qd，一天一次；–bid，一天两次–tid，一天三次–qid，一天四次–q8h，每8小时一次；qn，睡前；Rp，取药；sig，用法；prn，必要时。•维生素B6片10mg×24•sig20mgtid•第一行依次为药名、剂型、每片含主药的量、总数量；第二行为“用法”、单次剂量、一天服用次数。从这个处方可以看出，该药一次用2片，一天3次，共服用4天。•9.Constant-rateintravenousinfusion恒速静脉滴注•10.Bolus-doseinjection快速推注•11.Repeateddosing多剂量给药•12.generalcirculation体循环•人体的血液循环分两种循环体循环（大循环）和肺循环（小循环pulmonarycircuIation）两种•体循环的途径：动脉血从左心室泵→主动脉→各级动脉分支→全身各部毛细血管→静脉血经各级静脉→上、下腔静脉和冠状窦→右心房•13.diabetes[,dai’EBi:ti:z]糖尿病obesity[EU’Bi:siti]肥胖症hypertension[‘haipE’tenSEn]高血压Stroke中风二、段落•1.p94(3)•Thesuccessfulprevention,cureortreatmentofdiseaseswilldependonusingdrugsinsufficientamounttoobtainthedesirableeffectsandtoavoidtheharmfulsideeffects.•2.p95(1)•Thechosenrouteofadminiastrationisdeterminedbythedesiredonsetofactionanddurationofactiondrugs,bythenatureofdrugs,byspecialcircumstances,andbybioavailabilityofdrugs.•3.p95(2)•Inlife-threateningconditions,orincircumstanceswhereinanimmediateonsetofactionisrequired,drugsmustbeadministereddirectlyintothegeneralcirculation.•4.p95(3)•Ifalongdurationofactionisdesirable,onemayadministeradrugcontinuouslyoradministeradruginalong-termform.•5.p95(3)Proteinaceousdrugs(insulinfordiabetes)aredestroyedinthestomachandnaturallyarenotgivenorally.TextB:DrugInteractions一、词汇•antipsychotic[,Qntisai’kOtik]抗精神病药物–psychotic[sai’kOtik]精神病人–psychosis[sai’kEUsis]精神病，精神不正常•antidepressant[,Qntidi’presEnt]抗抑郁药•prescription处方•dispense（按医生处方）配药•analgesic[,Qnl’dZesik]止痛药•laxative[’lQKsEtiv]泻药•1.p97(1)•Althoughsomedrugproblemsdevelopunexpectedlyandcannotbepredicted,manyarerelatedtoknownpharmacologicalactionsofthedrugsandreasonablycanbeanticipated•However,asdrugtherapybecomesmorecomplexandbecausemanypatientsarebeingtreatedwithtwoormoredrugs,theabilitytopredictthemagnitude(强度)ofaspecificactionofanygivendrugdiminishes.•Thesecircumstancespointtoaneednotonlyformaintenanceofcompleteandcurrentmedicationrecordsforpatientsbutalsoforclosermonitoringandsupervisionofdrugtherapysothatproblemscanbepreventedordetectedatanearlystageintheirdevelopment.•这些情况表明，不仅需要保存好病人完整的和当前的药物录，而且需要密切监控药物治疗，这样就可以在早期预防和检测此类问题