药学英语-标准试卷1

试卷（A）共（6）页第（1）页河北科技大学20——20学年第学期《专业英语》期末考试试卷标准答案考场号：座位号：学院：班级：姓名：学号：题号一二三四五六总分得分一、翻译（共20分,每题1分）。1甲烷2乙醇3丙酮4碘5缬氨酸6亮氨酸7乙酸乙酯8酚9酰胺10氯化钠11Potassiumcarbonate12Toluene13Alkane14Potassium15Cysteine16Methionine17Sodiumbicarbonate18Mercury19Calciumcarbonate20Aromatics答案：1Methane2Ethanol3Acetone4Iodine5Valine6Leucine7Ethylacetate8Phenol9Amide10Sodiumchloride试卷（A）共（6）页第（2）页11碳酸钾12甲苯13烷烃14钾15半胱氨酸16甲硫氨酸17碳酸氢钠18汞19CaCO320芳香化合物二、写出下列缩写的英文全称并翻译（共10分,每题2分）。1DMF:2MS:3NMR:4WTO:5SFDA:答案：1dimethylformamideN,N-二甲基甲酰胺2Massspectrometry质谱3NuclearMagneticResonanceSpectroscopy核磁共振光谱4WorldTradeOrganization世界贸易组织5StateFoodandDrugAdministration（中国）食品药品监督管理局三、判断，并用×√表示（共16分,每题2分）。1（）Drugdesignaimstoimprovethedesirableeffectsoftheleadcompoundandtoremovetheundesirableeffects.2（）Arationaldesignbasedontheknowledgeofthemolecularcauseofthepathologicaldysfunctionisatypeofsearchfornewleadcompound.3（）Analyticalchemistryisconcernedwiththechemicalcharacterizationofmatterandtheanswertotwoimportantquestions:whatisit(qualitative)andhowmuchisit(quantitative).4（）Thuswereproduced,overmillionsofyears,theearthitselfandthechemicalelementsfoundontheearthtoday.5（）Bybeingcognizantofthesepharmacologicprinciples,andbyremainingvigilanttocountlessinteractionbetweendrugandailingbody,onecansubstantiallyreducethesideeffectsofnumerousdrugs.试卷（A）共（6）页第（3）页6（）Lowconcentrationsofsurfactantslowerthesurfacetensionandincreasetherateofdrugdissolution.7（）Withnewcompounds,however,itispreferabletoconfirmtheidentificationthroughchemicaldegradationorbypreparingthecompoundbylaboratorysynthesis.8（）Presently,asNMR,itisappliedinaverygeneralmannertosyntheticaswellastonaturalcompoundsinthesearchfornewleadcompound.答案:1√2√3√4×5√6√7√8×四、单选题（共14分,每题2分）。1Theleadcompoundisnotintendedtobeusedasaclinicalagent.ItisthestartingpointfromwhichaBusefulcompoundcanbedeveloped.AnaturallyBclinicallyCsyntheticallyDpharmaceutically2AnalyticalchemistryprovidestheBandtoolsneededforinsightintoourmaterialworldAchoicesBmethodsCimprovementsDarrangements3OnlyaboutBofthemorethan90naturallyoccurringchemicalelementsareessentialtolivingorganisms.A20B30C40D504SoliddrugproductsexemptedfromAincludetroches,tabletswhichareintendedtobechewed,anddrugproductsintendedforsustainedreleaseorprolongedorrepeataction.AdisintegrationtestsBdissolutiontestsCdecompositiontestsDdeformationtests5BulkflowintheDisveryrapid,asisdiffusionafterdrugshavetraversedmembranousbarriers,sotherate-limitstepindrugdistributionisusuallythe试卷（A）共（6）页第（4）页penetrationofthesebarriers.AbloodBbloodstreamCbloodvesselDbloodstream6BiochemicaltestsmayalsobeC:presenceofaglycosidecanbeconfirmedbyhydrolysiswithβ-glycosidase,ofamustardoilglycosidebyhydrolysiswithmyrosinaseandsoon.AvaluableBusefulCinvaluableDunuseful7TherehavebeenseveralexampleswherethenaturalDforareceptorwasusedastheleadcompoundinordertodesignareceptorantagonist.AtargetBstructureCbioactivationDagonis答案:1B2B3B4A5D6C7D五、英译汉（共20分,每题5分）。1Thepresenttrendismassscreeningofhugelibrariescontainingseveralthousandmolecules.Thiswasmadepossiblebytheassociationofcombinationalchemistrywithhigh-throughputscreening.答案:目前的趋势是对包含有数千分子的巨大分子库进行筛选，高通筛选和组合化学的联合使其成为可能。2Therearethreephasesintheanalysis:thefast-screeningphase,theidentificationphase,andpossiblequantification.答案:分析的过程分三个阶段进行：快速筛选阶段，确定阶段，可能的量化阶段。3Analyticalchemistsworktoimprovethereliabilityofexistingtechniquestomeetthedemandsforbetterchemicalmeasurementswhichariseconstantlyinoursociety.答案:分析化学家的工作是改善现有技术的可靠性，以更好的化学检测方法满足我们社会不断的需求。4Thetraceelementsrepresentaminisculefractionoftheweightofthehuman试卷（A）共（6）页第（5）页body,butallessentialtolife,usuallybecausetheyareessentialtothefunctionofspecificproteins,includingenzymes.答案:微量元素的代表了人体重量的微乎其微的部分，但对生命很重要，通常是因为它们是必不可少的特殊蛋白质，包括酶的功能。六、问答题（共20分,每题5分）。1Invitrodissolutiontesting,whatkindsoffactorsmustbeconsidered?答案:Foronething,thesizeandshapeofthedissolutionvesselmayaffecttherateandextentofdissolution.Asecondconsiderationistheamountofagitationandthenatureofthestirrer.Thetemperatureofthedissolutionmediummustalsobecontrolledandvariationsintemperaturemustbeavoided.Mostdissolutiontestsareperformedat37℃.Thenatureofthedissolutionmediumwillalsoaffectthedissolutiontest.2Howtodefinepharmacokineticsandpharmacodynamics?答案:Byconvention,pharmacokineticsisdefinedasthestudyofthetime-courseofdrugabsorption,distribution,metabolismandexcretion,whereasthetermpharmacodynamicsreferstothecorrespondingpharmacologicalresponse.3Whatisthesourcesoftheleadcompound?答案:Leadcompoundscanbeobtainedfromavarietyofdifferentsourcessuchasthefloraandfaunaofthenaturalworld,orsyntheticcompoundsmadeinthelaboratory.ThereisalsothepotentialofdesigningleadcompoundsusingcomputermodelingorNMRspectroscopicstudies.4Whatisthemeansofdissolution?答案:Dissolutionistheprocessbywhichachemicalordrugbecomesdissolvedinasolvents.