Icleantheblackboardeveryday.I'llcleantheblackboardinseveralminutes.I'mnowcleaningtheblackboard.Icleanedtheblackboardseveralminutesago.Ihavecleanedtheblackboardforseveralminutes.Ihavebeencleaningtheblackboardforseveralminutes/sinceseveralminutesago.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别I(1)表示从过去某一时间开始一直在进行的动作,并有可能持续下去,强调动作的全过程;表示从过去到现在的重复性动作。(2)注意:多用于延续性动词,如work,live,study,skate,collect…表示在某一特定时间之前曾经发生过的动作,或者到这一时间为止已经完成的动作.1.现在完成时:have+过去分词2.现在完成进行时:have+been+现在分词现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别II(1)在不用时间状语的情况下,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如:Thestudentshavebeenpreparingfortheexam.(还在进行)学生们一直在准备考试。Thestudentshavepreparedfortheexam.(已经结束)学生们为考试作了准备。(2)在强调指出动作还未结束,还要继续下去。如:I’vebeenreadingthisbookfortwohours,butIhaven’tfinishedit.这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。I’vereadthisbook.我已读完这本书了。现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别II(3)有些表示状态、感情、感觉的静态动词,如:have,like,hate,hear,know,sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时,但可用于现在完成时。如:They’veknowneachothersince1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。(4)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。如:We’vebeenseeingeachotherquitealotrecently.最近我们经常见面。现在完成时和现在完成进行时的联系1.简略回答都一样Yes,I/we/theyhave.No,I/we/theyhaven’t.Yes,he/she/ithas.No,he/she/ithasn’t.2.时间状语:都可以用for或sinceTheyhaveskated_______________.Theyhavebeenskating_______________.AthreehoursagoBforthreehoursagoCsincethreehoursagoDforthreehoursEsincethreehoursExerciseI(单项选择)1.Eventhoughthey___fortwentyyears,thetwoneighborsdonotgetonwellwitheachother.A.havebeenlivedsidebysideB.hadbeenlivingsidebysideC.havebeensidebysidelivingD.havebeenlivingsidebyside2.Ihaven’tseenMarythesepastfewdays,I’mafraidshe___herselfforsometime.A.hasn’tbeenfeelingB.hadn’tbeenfeelingC.isn’tfeelingD.wasn’tfeeling3.She___onthisessayfortwentyminutesbutshehaswrittenonlyaboutahundredwords.A.willbeworkingB.workedC.hasbeenworkingD.willhaveworked4.---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---I’mtired.I___thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted5.---Hi,Joan,Ihaveseenyouforweeks.What___recently?---Carryingonsomeresearchonwildlife.A.haveyoubeendoingB.haveyoudoneC.wereyoudoingD.didyoudo6.Youmustbetirednowsinceyou___forfivehours.A.havebeenworkedB.havebeenworkingC.workedD.wouldwork动作时间一般完成进行完成进行现在一般现在时Ido现在完成时Ihavedone现在进行时Iamdoing现在完成进行时Ihavebeendoing过去一般过去时Idid过去完成时Ihaddone过去进行时Iwasdoing过去完成进行时Ihadbeendoing将来一般将来时Ishall/willdo将来完成时Ishall/willhavedone将来进行时Ishall/willbedoing将来完成进行时Ishall/willhavebeendoing过去将来一般过去将来时Ishould/woulddo过去将来完成时Ishould/wouldhavedone过去将来进行时Ishould/wouldbedoing过去将来完成进行时Ishould/wouldhavebeendoing16DifferentTenses(动词的16种时态)一般时的用法I.一般现在时:1.用法和意义(1)表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或状态,如:IwritetomypenfriendinEnglandonceamonth.(2)表示普遍真理或客观事实,如:Oilislighterthanwater.Timewaitsfornoman.(3)报刊杂志、故事情节介绍和舞台说明等也用一般现在时。2.常见的时间状语:always,often,sometimes,usually,everyday,twiceaweek,nowandthen等。但有时时间状语不表示出来。一般时的用法II.一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastnight/week/month/year/summer…in1999,amomentago,thistime,thismorning,inthosedays,justnow.如:Wewenttoseehisunclelastyear.一般时的用法III.一般将来时:(1)表示在将来某一时间将要发生的动作或状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用,tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,thisevening,tonight,nextweek/month/year,intenminutes,someday,in2001,inthefuture,attheendofnextsemester.如:Therewillbeameetingnextmonth.(2)常用”begoingto+动词原形”的结构表示主语的主观想法或打算,如:We’regoingtohaveatripinHawaii.进行时的用法(1)表示某一时刻或某一阶段时间正在进行着的动作。强调动作进行的过程,而非状态。一般来说,静态动词如have,own,seem等,或表示知觉、情感的动词如see,hear,taste,know,believe,understand,think,like,love,hate,want等没有进行时态。有时用进行时态,也是具有别的含义。如:Ithinkyouareright.我认为你是对的。She’sthinkingabouttheproblem.她正在思考那个问题。(2)常见的时间状语:atthistime,atthismomentExerciseII1.Hurryup,orwe________(miss)theplane.2.Doyouknowtheearth_______(go)roundthesun?3.Lily,goandgetthetelephone.It________(ring).4.He_____________(notmake)sureifhe___________(visit)thefactoryifhe____________(come)backearly.5.Shesaidthatshe_______________(return)totheareathenextmonth.ExerciseII6.What_______you_______(do)between8and10yesterdaymorning?7.Afterheturnedonthelighthe__________(begin)toreadbooks.8.WhenIenteredtheroom,he_______(lie)inbed.9.Thestory________(happen)longago.10.They________(watch)theNBAmatchatthistimeyesterday.Half的用法1.一个半小时anhourandahalf=oneandahalfhours2.半数的学生为女孩.Halfthestudentsaregirls.4.4的一半是2.Halfoffouristwo.3.他们中的一半为男孩.Halfofthemareboys.(of)Halfof+名词,of有时可省略.Halfof+代词,of则不可省略!