品质管制图Minitab操作手冊

¶錄·........................................................................................................................................1....................................................................................................................1Plottedpoints......................................................................................................1(CenterLine)..................................................................................................1(Controllimits)...........................................................................................1類........................................................................................................2量數........................................................................................2量............................................................................................................2數............................................................................................................3讀............................................................................................................3Minitab說...................................................................................................6RChart....................................................................................................6XbarChart數.......................................................................................9Xbar-RChart數.......................................................................11PChart不良率............................................................................................12..........................................................................................................................14Cause-and-Effect..........................................................................................15Pareto拉..................................................................................................................16ProcessCapabilityAnalysis力.....................................................................17PCI............................................................................................................18CapabilitySix-pack..................................................................................................21量..................................................................................................................24..........................................................................................................................24GRRANOVA....................................................................................................25GRRXbar-R.....................................................................................................31-1-1920年W.A.Shewhart異(plotpoint)量例n=5數xPlottedpoints數理(subgroups)量量(Ex數)料(CenterLine)(subgroup)量TT(Controllimits)離centerline度1σ2σ3σ4σ….來()-1-()W.A.Shewhart3σT+3σT來量T(UpperControlLimitUCL)T3σT來量T(LowerControlLimitLCL)類量數兩類MinitabStatControlCharts量數量數數類良不良省精量數數例100±0.2mm101mm100.03mm都不兩異數料了量數量數理數數來量異來量狀x-RChartx-SChart數不理-2-X1數XbarChartÆ量狀數來數數2RChartÆ來量異狀力Sn103SChartÆS量異狀力Rn104—X—MRChart數不理列狀—數率率——不度度度力數數不良數數數數1不良率P-ChartÆ1002不良不良率2%不良率便P不良率數諸n不2不良數np-ChartÆ不良數n3數CChartÆ數來例不良數4數UChartÆ不數例100理不良數讀異()若異()不了來specialcausesMinitab列8來(InControl)RunsTestsAB12C-3-—Test1Onepointmorethan3sfromcenterline落X-barChart來說數落3σ99.7%率0.3%理落率不—Test2Ninepointsinarowonsamesideofcenterline連9(都都)連9都率(0.5)9=0.195%說不—Test3Sixpointsinarow,allincreasingoralldecreasing都若連降離離老—Test4Fourteenpointsinarow,alternatingupanddown降不不例料-4-—Test5Twooutofthreepointsmorethan2sfromcenterline(sameside)落Ax率C00375.095.005.0232≈⋅⋅—Test6Fouroutoffivepointsmorethan1sfromcenterline(sameside)連落—Test7Fifteenpointsinarowwithin1sofcenterline(eitherside)連都C不異都Test8Eightpointsinarowmorethan1sfromcenterline(eitherside)連都C不不不兩不數數-5-Minitab說類量RchartXbarChart例數PChart例RChartStep1料度(mm)量錄C1欄列Step2StatControlChartsR…RChartStep3數MINITAB料兩~SingleColumn若料欄例料150C1欄-6-Subgroupsize例料C15RowsSubgroup()數5數5若數ni不數(欄)異?歷不~Subgroupsacrossrowsof料列數X1-X51subgroupÆ2subgroupÆ::Step4Sigma若HistoricalsigmaEstimation…料SigmaMinitab兩R料欄略列不列312:153列12~15列料不列~RbarSubgroupR30RR數RRDLCLR3=RDUCLR4=ÆD3D4~PooledstandarddeviationSubgroup30RSR若3LCLR=R-3SRUCLR=R+3SRÆ例PooledstandarddeviationRStep5?SLimits…Sigmalimitpositions22若省略Minitab33Æ;Placeboundonuppersigmalimitsat若;Placeboundonlowersigmalimitsat若例3-7-Step6Tests…MINITABR-Chart異都;例~PerformallfourtestsOKRChart30201000.040.030.020.010.00SampleNumberSampleRangeRChartforAnR=0.01702UCL=0.03598LCL=030(5量)Minitabtests-8-XbarChart數立xChart度利MinitabxChartRchart異sigma利料立料異不若立(sigma)利料異Step1料度(mm)量錄C1欄列Step2StatControlChartsXbar…XbarChartStep3數料欄C15料Subgroup~SingleColumnC1Subgroupsize數5Step4Sigma例度X0.181XXσ3±(0.170,0.192)nXσσ=≈×−=56/)170.0192.0(σ0.008199Historicalmean0.181Historicalsigma0.008199Step5?(省略)3-9-Step6Tests…MINITABXbar-Chart異例tests都數30201000.19OKXbarChart0.180.17SampleNumberSaleMeX-barChartforAnMean181UCL=1920LCL=0.1700mpan=0.0.3(Hist