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1一.综合类1.geotechnicalengineering岩土工程2.foundationengineering基础工程3.soil,earth土4.soilmechanics土力学cyclicloading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelasticfoundation粘弹性地基viscousdamping粘滞阻尼shearmodulus剪切模量5.soildynamics土动力学6.stresspath应力路径7.numericalgeotechanics数值岩土力学二.土的分类1.residualsoil残积土groundwaterlevel地下水位2.groundwater地下水groundwatertable地下水位3.clayminerals粘土矿物4.secondaryminerals次生矿物5.landslides滑坡6.boreholecolumnarsection钻孔柱状图7.engineeringgeologicinvestigation工程地质勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravellysand砾砂12.coarsesand粗砂13.mediumsand中砂14.finesand细砂15.siltysand粉土16.clayeysoil粘性土17.clay粘土18.siltyclay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.sandysilt砂质粉土21.clayeysilt粘质粉土22.saturatedsoil饱和土23.unsaturatedsoil非饱和土24.fill(soil)填土25.overconsolidatedsoil超固结土26.normallyconsolidatedsoil正常固结土27.underconsolidatedsoil欠固结土28.zonalsoil区域性土29.softclay软粘土30.expansive(swelling)soil膨胀土231.peat泥炭32.loess黄土33.frozensoil冻土三.土的基本物理力学性质1.cccompressionindex2.cuundrainedshearstrength3.cu/p0ratioofundrainedstrengthcutoeffectiveoverburdenstressp0(cu/p0)NC,(cu/p0)ocsubscriptsNCandOCdesignatednormallyconsolidatedandoverconsolidated,respectively4.cvanecohesivestrengthfromvanetest5.e0naturalvoidratio6.Ipplasticityindex7.K0coefficientof“at-rest”pressure,fortotalstressesσ1andσ28.K0’domainforeffectivestressesσ1‘andσ2’9.K0nK0fornormallyconsolidatedstate10.K0uK0coefficientunderrapidcontinuousloading,simulatinginstantaneousloadingoranundrainedcondition11.K0dK0coefficientundercyclicloading(frequencylessthan1Hz),asapseudo-dynamictestforK0coefficient12.kh,kvpermeabilityinhorizontalandverticaldirections,respectively13.Nblowcount,standardpenetrationtest14.OCRover-consolidationratio15.pcpreconsolidationpressure,fromoedemetertest16.p0effectiveoverburdenpressure17.psspecificconepenetrationresistance,fromstaticconetest18.quunconfinedcompressivestrength19.U,Umdegreeofconsolidation,subscriptmdenotesmeanvalueofaspecimen20.u,ub,umpore(water)pressure,subscriptsbandmdenotebottomofspecimenandmeanvalue,respectively21.w0wLwpnaturalwatercontent,liquidandplasticlimits,respectively22.σ1,σ2principalstresses,σ1‘andσ2’denoteeffectiveprincipalstresses23.Atterberglimits阿太堡界限24.degreeofsaturation饱和度25.dryunitweight干重度26.moistunitweight湿重度27.saturatedunitweight饱和重度28.effectiveunitweight有效重度29.density密度30.compactness密实度31.maximumdrydensity最大干密度32.optimumwatercontent最优含水量33.threephasediagram三相图34.tri-phasesoil三相土35.soilfraction粒组36.sieveanalysis筛分37.hydrometeranalysis比重计分析338.uniformitycoefficient不均匀系数39.coefficientofgradation级配系数40.fine-grainedsoil(siltyandclayey)细粒土41.coarse-grainedsoil(gravellyandsandy)粗粒土42.Unifiedsoilclassificationsystem土的统一分类系统43.ASCE=AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineer美国土木工程师学会44.AASHTO=AmericanAssociationStateHighwayOfficials美国州公路官员协会45.ISSMGE=InternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering国际土力学与岩土工程学会四.渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’slaw达西定律2.piping管涌3.flowingsoil流土4.sandboiling砂沸5.flownet流网6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepagepressure渗透压力9.permeability渗透性10.seepageforce渗透力11.hydraulicgradient水力梯度12.coefficientofpermeability渗透系数五.地基应力和变形1.softsoil软土2.(negative)skinfrictionofdrivenpile打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effectivestress有效应力4.totalstress总应力5.fieldvaneshearstrength十字板抗剪强度6.lowactivity低活性7.sensitivity灵敏度8.triaxialtest三轴试验9.foundationdesign基础设计10.recompaction再压缩11.bearingcapacity承载力12.soilmass土体13.contactstress(pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentratedload集中荷载15.asemi-infiniteelasticsolid半无限弹性体16.homogeneous均质17.isotropic各向同性18.stripfooting条基19.squarespreadfooting方形独立基础20.underlyingsoil(stratum,strata)下卧层（土）21.deadload=sustainedload恒载持续荷载422.liveload活载23.short岩土专业英语1vanesheartest|十字板剪切试验asemi-infiniteelasticsolid|半无限弹性体AASHTO=AmericanAssociationStateHighwayOfficials|美国州公路官员协会activeearthpressure|主动土压力additionalstress|附加应力allowablebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil|地基容许承载力alluvialexpansivesoil|冲积膨胀土anchoredplateretainingwall|锚定板挡土墙anchoredsheetpilewall|锚定板板桩墙angleofinternalfriction|内摩擦角angleofrepose|休止角anisotropy|各向异性ANSYSBooleans|布尔运算ANSYSBooleansIntersect|布尔交运算ANSYSBooleansOverlap|布尔搭接运算ANSYSBooleansPartition|布尔分割运算ANSYSCartesian|笛卡儿坐标ANSYSCylindrical|柱坐标ANSYSEigenBuckling|特征值屈伸分析ANSYSGlobalCartesian|笛卡儿坐标系ANSYSGlobalCylindrical|柱坐标系ANSYSGlobalSpherical|球坐标系ANSYSGrid|网格ANSYSHarmonic|谐振分析ANSYSModel|模态分析ANSYSNormal|法向向量ANSYSPolar|极坐标ANSYSSpectrum|谱分析ANSYSSpherical|球坐标ANSYSStatic|静态分析ANSYSSubstructuring|子结构分析ANSYSTolerance|允许偏差ANSYSTransient|瞬态分析ANSYSTrial|坐标轴ANSYSWorkingPlaneOrigin|工作平面原点anti-slidepile|抗滑桩arrangementofpiles|桩的布置artificialfoundation|人工地基ASCE=AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineer|美国土木工程师学会5associatedflow|关联流动Atterberglimits|阿太堡界限Barraon’sconsolidationtheory|巴隆固结理论bearingcapacity|承载力bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil|地基承载力bearingcapacityofsinglepile|单桩承载力bearingstratum|持力层belledpierfoundation|钻孔墩基础benchslope|台阶式坡形Biot’sconsolidationtheory|比奥固结理论Bishopmethod|毕肖普法boreholecolumnarsection|钻孔柱状图boredpile|钻孔桩bottomheave|（基坑）底隆起boulder|漂石boundarysurfacemodel|边界面模型boxfoundation|箱型基础bracedcuts|支撑围护bracedexcavation|支撑开挖bracedsheeting|支撑挡板bracingoffoundationpit|基坑围护bulkconstitutiveequation|体积本构模型caissonfoundation|沉井（箱）