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名词性从句与写作训练表语从句与同位语从句一、表语从句1．在复合句中作主句的表语，位于主句系动词之后。2．表语从句的引导词与主语从句相同，另外还有asif/asthough(似乎，好像)及because等注意：①引导表语从句表原因，只能用because，不可用as，since：Thisisbecausehelovesarts.这是因为他热爱艺术②主句主语是reason时，表语从句引导词用that，不用because：Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthefirstbus.他迟到的原因是没赶上头班车。1.Thereason________SunHaipingexplained________LiuXiang'squittingthecompetitionwas________Liu'sleghurtbadly.A．why;to;thatB．why;for;thatC．that;for;becauseD．that;for;that答案：D2Theorderis________eachofthemshouldstayuntiltheyarewellagain3.Theboysounds________hewereaking.4.Mydoubtis____hecandoitbetterinsuchashorttime.(用恰当的连词填空）thatasifhow二、同位语从句1．在句中作某一名词的同位语。一般位于该词(如news，fact，idea，suggestion，promise，information，order，hope，truth，question等)之后，说明其具体内容。Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.我不知道他什么时候回来。(whenhewillbeback作名词idea的同位语)1.(2009·南通调研)Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome________Imightsubstitutetheherotobuysomeflowersforhismother's60thbirthday.A.ifB.WhenC.ThatD.which解析：that引导的同位语从句用来说明awarmthought，由于谓语部分短小，形成了分隔式情况，that在从句中不充当句子成分。答案：C2.(2009·浙江)—Isthereanypossibility________youcouldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem.A．whenB．thatC．whetherD．what解析：句意：—你到机场来接我行吗？—没问题。that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。答案：B3.(2009·江西)Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists________theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A．whatB．whichC．thatD．though解析：句意：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担扰。本题考查同位语从句。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。答案：C4.(2009·四川)Newscamefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBejingUniversity.A．whichB．whatC．thatD．where解析：句意：学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，that引导的从句是news的同位语。答案：C2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别“that＋完整句子”具有同位性质，“that＋不完整句子”构成定语从句：that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。Thesuggestion(that)heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.(that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略)Thesuggestionthatthestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.(that引导同位语从句，不能省略)1.(2009·江西名校信息卷)Themoment________Leowillneverforgetis________Mr.Greengavehimalotofvaluableadviceonhowtoimprovehiswriting.A．/;whenB.that;thatC．when;thatD．when;where解析：由第一空应用that引导定语从句，修饰先行词themoment，且在定语从句中作forget的宾语，that可以省略；第二空选引导表语从句的连接词when，并在表语从句中作时间状语。故选A。2.(2009·晋江联考)Thenewscame，asexpected，________mycousinwaschosentobeaforeignaiddoctortogotoAfricawherepeoplearesufferingalotfromAIDS.A．itB．thatC．whatD．which解析：asexpected相当于aswasexpected，是插入成分。that引导的同位语从句修饰thenews。答案：B3．suggestion，order，command，advice，demand等词的同位语从句和表语从句须用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。Sentencecorrection:1.Heputforwardthesuggestionthattheywoulddiscusstheproblembeforemakingadecision.should2.(2009·陕西质检)Oursuggestionisthatthecentralbank________theinterestrateforasecondtime.A．notraiseB．doesn'traiseC．won'traiseD．shan'traise解析：主语suggestion后的同位语从句或表语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略，选A。Exercises:1.Fillintheblankswithcorrectrelatives:(1).Myquestionis_______wecankeepthecoldoutofthesmallroominwinter.(2).Thereisnoneed_________yougetuptooearlyandstayuptoolate.(3).Wordcame_________somepeoplehadbeenaffectedbythevirus.(4).Thereasonwhythegovernmentshowsconcernis________theaffairwillsurelyaffecttheareainashortterm.howthatthatthat2.Sentencecorrection:(1).—Hisparentstrytodoeverythingforhim.—That'sthattheyaremistaken.(2).WhatIknowaboutthiscompetitioniswhatitisheldeverytwoyears.(3).Aftermonthsofvoyage，Columbusarrivedinwhichlaterprovedanewcontinent.(4).Istillrememberthestory，believeitornot，whichwegotlostonarainynight.(5).Tomdidn’tcatchthebus.Itwaswhyhegotuplate.(6).Theirproposalthatwemuststartdoingitassoonaspossibleisworthconsidering.wherethatwhatthatbecauseshould3.Translation:(1).那个年轻人看起来好像正在考虑什么重要的事情。（asif表语从句）(2).在会上警察提出了大人陪同孩子的建议。(that同位语从句）(3).我们迟到的责任在他。(Itwasone’sfaultthat…)(4).他建议我们第二天早动身。(advisethat…)(5).在公共场所他很害羞，那就是他在会上保持沉默的原因。(why表语从句)(6).有可能他们在比赛中会失利，但他们很平静。(that同位语从句)1.Itlooksasiftheyoungmanisthinkingofsomethingimportant.2.Atthemeetingthepoliceputforwardthesuggestionthatparents(should)accompanytheirchildren.3.Itwashisfaultthatwewerelate.4.Headvisedthatweshouldsetoffearlythenextday.5.Heisshyinpublic.That’swhyhekeptsilentatthemeeting.6.Therearepossibilitiesthattheywilllosethegame,buttheyarecalm.Homework:DotheexercisesonP61