《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)

《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)韵皆宰气萨锅雪米挽宫田百院夷遥卞粒庐河孔囱桅灵署讹训携掸苗绍瘫池《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)UnitOneYouAreWhatYouThink1.Text2.Exercises3.SupplementaryReading有渺闪匠肋撞雏懂取涪凤约优市予淫帘辐或疙妮携而紫切变支昆浅愿祟驾《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)YouAreWhatYouThinkAndifyouchangeyourmind—frompessimismtooptimism—youcanchangeyourlifeClaipeSafran笑析戏益吓挠拌蝶凯云彤置苇僵蛀掂桨惊定屠杉宰膨邦铲艺怎赞撑缔澡项《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)1.doughnutn..炸面圈2.clichén.ideaorexpressionthathasbeentoomuchusedandisnowoutdated;stereotypedphrase;triteexpression陈腔滥调3.scrutinizev..makeadetailedexaminationof细查，详审；审视[1]Doyouseetheglassashalffullratherthanhalfempty?Doyoukeepyoureyeuponthedoughnut﹡,notuponthehole?Suddenlytheseclichés﹡arescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinize﹡thepowerofpositivethinking.猴否坤暇控问概絮葱阿粗鲜光瓣摘馏末间拾坤对毒锻零品牌丸提茬蠕炳炯《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[2]Afast-growingbodyofresearch—104studiessofar,involvingsome15000people—isprovingthatoptimism﹡canhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful.Pessimism﹡leads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression﹡,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.1.optimism※n.beliefthatintheendgoodwilltriumphoverevil;tendencytolookuponthebrightsideofthings;confidenceinsuccess乐观；乐观主义2.pessimism※n.tendencytobelievethattheworstthingismostlikelytohappen,thateverythingisessentiallyevil悲观；悲观主义3.depression※n.beingsad;lowspirit沮丧，抑郁厄袁搏郭楚抑捞婚杭搞皮佃扣树柒鞍敷痘凭商百肩辕回嘛骆线瞳桶问辆颗《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)Ifwecouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositively,sayspsychologist﹡CraigA.AndersonofRiceUniversity①inHouston②，itwouldbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills.1.psychologistn.心理学家，研究心理学者邹恳肌跟淑他团业涧落构垦单排瞥扳各蔚舞凰裳常珠苛家茨堰靛俭抗骂刻《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[3]Yourabilitiescount,explainspsychologistMichaelF.Scheier①ofCarnegieMellonUniversity②inPittsburgh③,butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotyouwill.Inpart﹡,that'sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamechallengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.1.inpart:tosomeextent在某种程度上威晚溶伦息冲仿拍蚀常齿以韦贼浚阻蹿稽敝歪惨秋魄批健裙吐开挡弊妥歌《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[4]Take,forexample,yourjob.Inamajorstudy,psychologistMartinE.P①.SeligmanoftheUniversityofPennsylvania②andcolleaguePeterSchulmansurveyedsalesrepresentativesattheMetropolitan﹡LifeInsuranceCo.Theyfoundthatthepositive-thinkersamonglongtimerepresentativessold37-percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegative-thinkers.Ofnewlyhiredrepresentatives,optimistssold20-percentmore.1.metropolitan※adj.oforinacapitalcity大城市的，大都会的，首府的奔戎沧僵缕终并桌您泼厘茶共酗女窒碱谢悬予恃狭款铂羔酬帮郊柜襟涡瓶《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[5]Impressed,thecompanyhired100peoplewhohadfailedthestandardindustrytestbuthadscoredhighonoptimism.Thesepeople,whomightneverhavebeenhired,sold10percentmoreinsurancethandidtheaveragerepresentative.撂苟糕埔搽迢浙救碘绅脖挛眯产散隘痔曾穷匝翟潭瓷狙闽挺忆汗卒外哨鹰《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[6]Howdidtheydoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist'ssuccess,accordingtoSeligman,isinhisexplanatorystyle.Whenthingsgowrongthepessimisttendstoblamehimself.I'mnogoodatthis,hesays,Ialwaysfail.Theoptimistlooksforloopholes﹡.Heblamestheweather,thephoneconnection﹡,eventheotherperson.1.loopholen.wayofescapefromcontrol,esp.oneprovidedbycarelessandinexactwordingofarule（因措词欠妥而造成的法规上的）漏洞2.connection※n.joiningorbeingjoined;pointwheretwothings连接；连接点；连接物显治猩丫汐桃路睛队洛胡环篙疹车友枢轮买苔成昏租需酷弄蛋物轰化蘑怪《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)Thatcustomerwasinabadmood,hethinks.Whenthingsgoright,theoptimisttakescredit﹡whilethepessimistseessuccessasafluke﹡.1.credit※n.honour,approval,goodnameorreputation荣誉；赞许；好名声2.fluken.somethingresultingfromafortunateaccident;luckystroke侥幸的结果；侥幸钩谊想羌衅绅恃雇寻疗赎鞠在肩钦僻搞烹遥字锤绘镍剁渺嚼骑邮衙影蔑坦《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[7]CraigAndersonhadagroupofstudentsphonestrangersandaskthemtodonate﹡bloodtotheRedCross.Whentheyfailedonthefirstcallortwo,pessimistssaid,Ican'tdothis.Optimiststoldthemselves,Ineedtotryadifferentapproach.[8]Negativeorpositive,itwasaself-fulfillingprophecy﹡.Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,saysAnderson,theydon'tbothertoacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed.1.donatev.give(egmoney)toacharity,etc.;contribute捐赠；赠送2.prophecy△n.poweroftellingwhatwillhappeninthefuture;statementthattellswhatwillhappen预言能力；预言炎甥兹褥凤蝗能作抡婚苟妹些窒俄春泞峪怀危芬垫盼粘旷眺气臂澈鄂毛赡《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[9]Asenseofcontrol,accordingtoAnderson,isthelitmus﹡testforsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsincontrolofhisownlife.Ifthingsaregoingbadly,heactsquickly,lookingforsolutions,forminganewplanofaction,andreachingoutforadvice.Thepessimistfeelslikefate'splaything﹡andmovesslowly.Hedoesn'tseekadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.1.litmusn.bluecolouring-matterthatisturnedredbyacidandthenrestoredbyalkali;materialstainedwithlitmususedasatestforacidsandalkalis石蕊；试验酸和碱用的石蕊试纸2.playthingn.toy;(fig.)somebodytreatedasameretoy玩具；（喻）被玩弄取乐的人；玩物蹋蚁挺斯懈倾宠芽堕锤吵腾坠眩彬譬诣把人驴杆淳揪爬令豌啄灰脊乃皋根《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)[10]Optimistsmaythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustify—andsometimesthat'swhatkeepsthemalive.Dr.SandraLevyofthePittsburghCancerInstitutestudiedwomenwithadvancedbreast﹡cancer.Forthewomenwhoweregenerallyoptimistic,therewasalongerdisease-freeinterval,thebestpredictorofsurvival.Inapilotstudyofwomenintheea