搜索
第1页共4页介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。【例】Themantowhomyoutalkjustnowisafamousrunner.【例】Theserviceaboutwhichthestudentscomplainalotshouldbeimproved.【例】HeisalibraryassistantfromwhomIborrowedsomebooks.【例】Itisafamousschoolfromwhichhegraduated3yearsago.【例】Thechaironwhichheissittingnowismadeofwood.【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。【例】Theman(who/that/whom)youtalktojustnowisafamousrunner.【例】Theservice(which/that)thestudentscomplainaboutalotshouldbeimproved.【例】Heisalibraryassistant(whom/that/who)Iborrowedsomebooksfrom.【例】Itisafamousschool(which/that)hegraduatedfrom3yearsago.【例】Thechair(which/that)heissittingonnowismadeofwood.【知识点3】关系副词when,where,why可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。【例】ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.【例】Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?=Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?【例】Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhesaidso.=Idon’tknowthereasonforwhichhesaidso.【知识点4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：【例】Heisthestudent(who/whom/that)theteachersarelookingfor.【例】Thenumberofthechildren(who/whom/that)shetakescareofis30.【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。【例】Theyfinallyclimbedupthemountain,ontopofwhichmanystrangebirdswereseen.【例】Lookatthephoto.ThisisMr.Green,infrontofwhomsitthreestudents.【知识点6】不定代词+of+which/whom引导的定语从句可化为of+which/whom+不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some,any,none,both,all,many,afew,few,alittle,little,either,neither,one,等等。【例】Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhom（=ofwhommost）likeEnglish.第2页共4页【例】ThesearebookswrittenbyMarkTwain,oneofwhich（=ofwhichone）wasreadtomebymyfather【例】Shehastwosons,neitherofwhom（=ofwhomneither）isateacher.【例】Shehasmanybooks,noneofwhich(=ofwhichnone)isinteresting.【知识点7】关系代词whose+名词引导的定语从句可转化为the+名词+of+which/whom或of+which/whom+the+名词结构；of表所属关系。【例】Iliveinaroomwhosewindowsareallbroken.=Iliveinaroomofwhichthewindowsareallbroken.=Iliveinaroomthewindowsofwhichareallbroken.【例】Thisismyteacherwhosehandwritingisexcellent.=Thisismyteacherthehandwritingofwhomisexcellent.=Thisismyteacherofwhomthehandwritingisexcellent.【知识点8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+which/whom+todo结构。【例】IhaveasmallroominwhichIlivein.=Ihaveasmallroominwhichtolive.=Ihaveasmallroomtolivein.【例】Hehasagoodfriendtowhomhecanturnforhelp.=Hehasagoodfriendtowhomtoturnforhelp.=Hehasagoodfriendtoturntoforhelp.【知识点9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。【例】HeusedtoliveinLondon,fromwherehecamefrom.【例】HegraduatedfromBeijingUniversityin1988,sincewhenhehasimprovedhimselfinallaspects.【知识点10】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。【例】Thepicture______whichhepaid$100wasonceownedbyaking.【析】定语从句谓语是paysomemoney；先行词为thepicture；还原句子即：Hepaid$100____thepicture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：paysomemoneyforsomething。【例】ThisisTomSawyer,______whomhisteacherisproud.【析】还原：Histeacherisproud___TomSawyer.构成短语：beproudof。【例】Canyouthinkofasituation__in__whichthiswordcanbeused?【例】I’mgratefultohimforthatadvice,__to__whichIowedallmysuccess.练习题一、填入“介词＋关系代词（即介词+which/whom）：1.Theship,____theEuropeanssailedtotheAmericancontinent,wascalledtheMayflower.第3页共4页2.Thefamily_________IstayedinRomeiscomingtoEnglandsoon.3.Hehaswrittenabook,thename_________Ihavecompletelyforgotten.4.Itisafamilyof8children,all____arestudyingmusic.5.Canyousuggestatime_____itwillbeconvenienttomeet?6.Thetown,_________theycame,wasinthenorthoftheprovince.7.Herearesomeblouses,none____suitsme.8.Thefurcoat______theladywasdressedwasveryexpensive.9.Theemperor,________thepalacewasbuilt,wasverycruel.10.LittlePeterhadadream____hewastakentotheamusementpark.11.Hespentawonderfulsummer,_____hejoinedusinthecampingtrip.12.Themoney,____heboughtthebike,wasgivenbyhisgrandfather.13.Thebuses,most________werealreadyfull,lefttheschooloneafteranother.14.AnnWhite,______wereceivedtheinvitation,livesnextdoortous.15.Thestory,________thefilmisbased,isatrueone.16.TheUSAisalargecountry_____________manydifferentdialectsarespoken.二、介词填空：1.Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.2.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolor_____whichisbrightandnice.3.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_____whichtherearemanypictures.4.Whatwerethethings_______whichhewasnottoosure?5.Theyheldameeting,____whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.6.Thebook,_____whichhepaid6Yuan,isworthreading.7.Isthistheman____whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcoloredTV?8.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel________whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.9.WuDong,_____whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.10.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_____whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.三、单选选择：1.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,____hewentontoCambridge.（05山东卷）A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis2.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,________shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.（06陕西卷）A.afterthatB.fromthatC.fromwhichD.afterwhich3.Guncontrolisasubject_________Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(09陕西卷)A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich4.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy______wemayreturninthenearfuture.（10山东卷）A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich5.Thesettlementish