PFMEA–过程失效模式及后果分析--yfypmt

1(SQDP)SupplierQualityDevelopmentProgramByCP/IPA-CN-QPFMEA–ProcessFailureModeandEffectAnalysis过程失效模式及后果分析CP/IPA-CN-Q|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.2ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisHistoryofFMEAFMEA的历史¾1940’sFMEAformallyintroducedinthemilitarystandard1629.40年代FMEA被正式引入美国军用标准1629。¾1960’sUseoftheFMEAwasencouragedforspaceproductdevelopmentandservedwellongettingamanonthemoon.(ApolloPlan)60年代美国的航天工业鼓励在产品开发上采用FMEA概念，并在阿波罗登月计划上取得成功。¾Lateof1970’sFEMAintroducedtoAmericaautomobileindustryasatoolfordesignreview.70年代后期美国汽车工业引用作为设计评审的一种工具¾1993GM,Ford,KreislercompiletheFMEAmanual,thethirdeditionatJul,2001.1993年美国三大汽车公司编写了FMEA参考手册，2001年7月第三版¾1994SAEissuedSAEJ-1739,FMEAstand1994年美国汽车工程学会SAE发布了SAEJ-1739-潜在失效模式及后果分析标准Department|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.3ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisWhat’sthetypeoftheFEMA?FMEA的种类?¾ProductFMEA(System,DesignFMEA)产品FMEA（系统，设计FMEA)¾ProcessFMEA过程FMEADepartment|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.4ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisWhatisPFMEA?什么是PFMEA?PFMEAstandsfor:ProcessFailureModeandEffectAnalysis.PFMEA–过程失效模式及后果分析AnProcessFMEAisananalyticaltechniqueusedbyaManufacturing/Assembly-responsibleEngineer/Teamasameanstoensurethat,totheextentpossible,potentialfailuremodesandtheirassociatedcauses/mechanismshavebeenconsideredandaddressed.Initsmostrigorousform,anFMEAisasummaryoftheteam’sthoughts(includingananalysisofitemsthatcouldgowrongbasedonexperience)asaprocessisdeveloped.Thissystematicapproachparallelsandformalizesthementaldisciplinethatanengineernormallygoesthroughinanymanufacturingplanningprocess.过程FMEA主要是由负责制造的工程师/小组采用的一种分析技术，用来保证在可能的范围内已充分考虑到并指明潜在失效模式及与其相关的起因/机理。一个FEMA以其最严密的形式总结了小组进行过程时的设计思想（包括根据经验和过去的错误，对一些可能失效项目的分析）。这种系统化的方法体现了工程师在任何制造策划过程中的思维过程，并使之规范化。Department|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.5ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisWhatisPFMEA?(Continued)什么是PFMEA?(续）ƒAnFMEAmustbeperformedasearlieraspossible.过程FMEA必须尽可能早的介入项目开发中。ƒAnFMEAisapro-activetoolwhichcanpredictfailuremodes.过程FMEA是一个可以预测失效模式的前期主动的工具。ƒWhenexecutedproperly,thismethodwillpreventdefects.当正确执行时，过程FEMA可以预防缺陷。Whatisan“FMEA”?Inshortitis…Evaluatingeverypossiblefailureofeveryprocessstep,andidentifyinghowtominimizeimpacts.简短的说过程FEMA就是对有的过程步骤，评估其所有可能的失效，并且识别如何减少其影响MULTI-DISCIPLINTEAMWORKISESSENTIALFORAROBUSTPROCESS!多功能小组的团队合作是过程健全的基础Department|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.6ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisWhat’sthetimetodothePFMEA?什么时候做PFMEA?Earlyreviewandanalysisofneworrevisedprocessesispromotedtoanticipate,resolve,ormonitorpotentialprocessconcernsduringthemanufacturingplanningstagesofanewmodelorcomponentprogram.在新车型或零件项目的制造计划阶段，对新工艺或修订过的工艺进行早期评审和分析能够促进预测，解决或监控潜在过程问题。TheProcessFMEAisalivingdocumentandshouldbeinitiated:ƒBeforeoratthefeasibilitystage,ƒPriortotoolingforproduction,andƒTakeintoaccountallmanufacturingoperations,fromindividualcomponentstoassemblies.过程FMEA是一份动态文件，第一版应ƒ在过程可行性分析阶段或之前开始ƒ在生产工装准备之前ƒ而且要考虑从单个零件到总成的所有制造工序Department|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.7ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisWhat’sTheRelationship?关系是什么？PROCESSFMEACONTROLPLANSPROBLEM-SOLVINGTOOLSMANUFACTURINGPROCESSFLOWDESIGNFMEAPROBLEM-SOLVINGENVIRONMENTTEAMWORK!CUSTOMERSUPPLIERCONTAINMENTƒThecustomer’sDesignFMEA(ifavailable)andtheManufacturingProcessFlowChartserveasinputsforconductingProcessFMEA’s.ƒTheactionsidentifiedintheProcessFMEAshouldtransferredtothePQP.ƒ客户的设计FMEA(如果有)和制造过程流程图作为输入导入过程FMEA。ƒ过程FMEA中的措施导入PQP中。Department|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindustrialpropertyrights.Wereserveallrightsofdisposalsuchascopyingandpassingontothirdparties.8ProcessFailureMode&EffectsAnalysisThedefinitionof“Customer”客户的定义Thedefinitionof“Customer”foraprocessFMEAshouldnormallybethe“EndUser.”However,thecustomercanalsobeasubsequentordownstreammanufacturingorassemblyoperation,orgovernmentregulations.客户在PFMEA中的定义可以为最终用户，也可以是下一道制造或装配工序，或者是政府法规。TheKeyCriteriaforBoschis:BOSCH的关键评价标准是：“ZeroDefectsDelivery”“零缺陷交付”Yourcustomerexpectstoreceiveproducts,sub-assembliesand/ormaterialwithZeroDefects.Thismeansthatwe,asasupplier,mustexamineallinfluenceswhichcanleadtodefectpartsatthecustomer’sdoorstepandinitiateappropriateactionstoensureZeroDefectswillbeachieved.ItisPossible!ItisExpected!你们的客户希望接受零缺陷的产品，总成和/或材料。这就意味着你们作为供应商需要考虑所有会导致缺陷产品到达客户的影响，并且先期开展合适的措施保证零缺陷交付。这是可能的！这是期望的！Department|4/27/2006|©RobertBoschGmbHreservesallrightsevenintheeventofindu