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Page1CruisePerformanceCruisePerformancePage2OptimumCruisePerformanceOptimumCruisePerformancedependsupon:dependsupon:lSpeedschedulelAltitudeselectionlFuelloadPage3EconomySpeedEconomySpeedACTECONCRZ2/3GR/CRZCG./23.0%FUEL34.0ZFW.RESERVES.COSTINDEXINDEXCRZALTFL190/CRZWIND---°/---ISADEV---°F/---°CT/COAT---°F/---°CTransALT1800TAKEOFF“Thespeedwhichminimizestotal(time+fuel)costs.”Page4TimeTime--RelatedCostsRelatedCostsDirectairplaneoperatingcostsareaffectedbyflighttime(areduction/increaseinspeedresultsinaproportionalincrease/reductionincost)•Flightcrew•Cabincrew•Leasing•Maintenance–Airframematerial–Airframelabor–Enginematerial–Enginelabor•OthersExpressedinunitsofcurrencyperflight-hour($/hour)•MaybedifficulttodeterminePage5FuelCostsFuelCostslPriceoffuelusedonaparticularflightoraveragepriceforaroutelExpressedinunitsofcurrencyperquantityoffuel(cents/pound)lProbablyeasytocalculatePage6EconomySpeedDefinedEconomySpeedDefinedTime+FuelFuelTimeVMO/MMOSpeedMinFuelCostEconPage7EconomySpeedSampleEconomySpeedSampleCalculationCalculationl767-200at35,000feetlWeight-310,000poundslTime-relatedcosts-$500perflight-hourlFuelcosts-$.10perpound100NM100NMMachTime-hoursFuel-poundsCostTime-relatedFuelTotalMachTime-hoursFuel-poundsCostTime-relatedFuelTotal.83.2092,451.83.2092,451105245$350105245$350.81.2142,294.81.2142,294107229$336107229$336.79.2202,235.79.2202,235110224110224.77.2252,230.77.2252,230113223$336113223$336.75.2312,242.75.2312,242116224$340116224$340$334$334Page8HowEconomySpeedIsDeterminedHowEconomySpeedIsDeterminedCruisespeedM(.78)M(.80)M(.82)Climbspeed(KIAS)Climbspeed(KIAS)Descentspeed(KIAS)Descentspeed(KIAS)BBCCAADDClimbClimbCruiseCruiseDescentDescentEconomyspeedisthespeedatwhichthefuelcostplustimecostfrom“A”to“B”isminimizedIncludessomecruiseoperationAfixedclimbspeedisused(doesnotchangeasfuelburnsoff)Economyspeedisthespeedatwhichthefuelcostplustimecostfrom“A”to“B”isminimizedIncludessomecruiseoperationAfixedclimbspeedisused(doesnotchangeasfuelburnsoff)Economyspeedisthespeedatwhichthefuelcostplustimecostfrom“B”to“C”isminimizedSpeedchangesasfuelburnsoffEconomyspeedisthespeedatwhichthefuelcostplustimecostfrom“B”to“C”isminimizedSpeedchangesasfuelburnsoffEconomyspeedisthespeedatwhichthefuelcostplustimecostfrom“C”to“D”isminimizedIncludessomecruiseoperationAfixeddescentspeedisused(doesnotchangeasfuelburnsoff)Economyspeedisthespeedatwhichthefuelcostplustimecostfrom“C”to“D”isminimizedIncludessomecruiseoperationAfixeddescentspeedisused(doesnotchangeasfuelburnsoff)260280300260280300220240260220240260Page9UsetheFMCCostIndexto:UsetheFMCCostIndexto:lEasilyandaccuratelysetoptimumtripspeedsPage10TheCostIndexisdefinedas:TheCostIndexisdefinedas:lCostIndex=CostofTIME($/flighthour)CostofFUEL(cents/pound)costindexdefinestherelationshipbetweenthetimerelatedcostofoperatinganairplaneandthecostoffuelPage11SelectingTheBestCostIndexSelectingTheBestCostIndexPERFINITGR/CRZCG./23.0%FUEL34.0ZFW.RESERVES.COSTINDEXINDEXCRZALTFL190/CRZWIND---°/---ISADEV---°F/---°CT/COAT---°F/---°CTransALT18000TAKEOFFPage12TheEasyWayTheEasyWaylDeterminethevalueofcostindexthatapproximatesLRCintypicalcruiseconditionslDecidewhereyouwanttooperateinrelationtoMRC,LRCPage13TheHardWayTheHardWaylDeterminewhichcostsaretime-related(crew,maintenance)lDeterminethecostindollarsperflight-hourlDeterminepercentoftheseexpensesthataretime-relatedCruiseSpeedScheduleCruiseSpeedScheduleaffectstripfuelburnedaffectstripfuelburnedMRCLRC1%FuelMileageCruiseMachNumberMRC=MaximumRangeCruise(speedforbestfuelmileage)LRC=LongRangeCruise(speedfor99%bestfuelmileage)Page15EconomyCruiseSpeedEconomyCruiseSpeed767-200JT9D-7R4D767-200JT9D-7R4DPage16TypicalCostIndicesForBoeingAirplanesTypicalCostIndicesForBoeingAirplanesCruisemachnumberCruisemachnumberFuelmileage(milespergallon)Fuelmileage(milespergallon)Typicalairlinevalues(737)Typicalairlinevalues(737)00101030303535LRCLRCMRCMRC(747)(747)0025258080140140(757)(757)0015155050707000(767)(767)15155555808000(777)(777)9090150150180180Page17MustCostIndexBeAccurate?MustCostIndexBeAccurate?l767-200l750NMcruisesegmentl39,000feetaltitude(optimum)lAssumedcostindex=80(incomputer)lCorrectcostindex=40(fuelat$.75/gallon,timecostat$444.40/hr)Altitude(feet)Costindex40804080Fuel1,5431,5551,6731,711Time734726761732Total2,2772,2812,434*2,443(+.2%)(+.4%)39,00031,000+=Costs($)*Penaltyforbeingoffoptimumaltitude=6.9%Page18HowIsFlightTimeAffectedByCostHowIsFlightTimeAffectedByCostIndex?Index?Sameconditionsasbefore:•Flighttimeatcostindex=40isapproximately1:40•Numbersshownare“DELTATIME”inminutesAltitude(feet)040BaseBaseBase80-1.1-1.8-3.8999-6.1-7.4-12.239,000(opt.)35,00031,000Costindex+1.8+4.0+7.6Page19WhatIfISetMyCostIndexAtZero?WhatIfISetMyCostIndexAtZero?999?999?Sameconditionsasbefore:Altitude(feet)CostindexFuel1,5431,5371,848Time734747689Total2,2772,2842,537+.3%+11.4%39,000+=Costs($)400999Page20IfIDecideToFlyLRC,WhyNotUseIfIDecideToFlyLRC,WhyNotUseLRCFunctionOfFMCCDU?LRCFunctionOfFMCCDU?lExceptfor737,LRCfunctiondoesnotaccountforwindlECONspeedfunc