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1过去完成时讲解过去完成时是用来表示在过去某一时刻或过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。一．构成：had+done被动：___________Hehad____amanagerbeforeIknewhim.二．用法：1)Bytheendoflastterm,wehadfinishedthebook.2)TheclasshadalreadybegunwhenIcametoschool.当我到学校的时候，已经开始上课了。1.Theybecamefriendsagainthatday.Untilthen,they____toeachotherfornearlytwoyears.(安徽2007)A.didn’tspeakB.hadn’tspokenC.haven’tspokenD.haven’tbeenspeaking2.—DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendyesterday?—Yes,hedid.He____hisoldfriendsforalongtime.(重庆2007)A.didn’tseeB.wouldn’tseeC.hasn’tseenD.hadn’tseen判定方法：1.由时间状语来判定(1)by+过去的时间点Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.by+将来的时间点Bythissummer,IwillhavelivedBeijingfornineyears.3.（2011江苏卷）——Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.——Iknow.Bynextmonth,he____enoughforausedone.A.savesB.savedC.willsaveD.willhavesaved(2)bytheendof+过去的时间点。WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.(3)Before4.（2011北京卷）Experimentsofthiskind______inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.A.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted2.时间状语从句bythetime,after,before,when等Helefttheroomafterhehadturnedoffthelights.他在关灯后离开了房间。5.Theplayhadalreadybeenonforquitesometimewhenwe____attheNewTheatre.(浙江22007)AhavearrivedB.arrivedC.hadarrivedD.Arrive6.BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt______forLondontoattendameeting.(2005天津)AwillleaveBleavesCwillhaveleftDleft7.(2011辽宁卷)BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hisson______fromcollege.A.graduatedB.hasgraduatedC.hadbeengraduatingD.hadgraduated3.过去完成时可表示未曾实现的愿望或想法。有此用法的动词有expect,hope,intend,mean,plan,promise,suppose,think,want等。hadhopedtodo=hopedtohavedone(1)Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusyatthatmoment.我本想帮助你，但当时太忙了。(2)IhadhopedtosendhimaChristmascard,butIforgottodoso.(3)Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethinghappened.（我本想来的，但有事就没来。）4.固定句式：(1)在hardly/scarcely...when;nosooner...than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.Hardly,nosooner至于句首构成部分倒装NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.(注意倒装)8.—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?(天津2006)—No,nosooner____thanithappened.A.hadshegoneB.shehadgoneC.hasshegoneD.shehasgone(2)表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadeverspokentoaforeigner.这是他第一次同外国人讲话。高考真题再现：1.（10安徽）----Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?----No,I_______thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory?A.wasreadingB.hadreadC.amreadingD.haveread答案：B.2.（10安徽）----We’vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.----well,itisn’tsurprising.Ourfriendandrelatives_______aroundallthetimeA.arecomingB.hadcomeC.werecomingD.havebeencoming答案：D.3.（10湖南）Thiscoastalareaanationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.namedC.isnamedD.names答案：A4.（10湖南）Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeoneit.Wasityou?A.hasdoneB.haddoneC.woulddoD.willdo3答案：B5.（10湖南）I'mtiredout..IallafternoonandIdon'tseemtohavefinishedanything.A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshopping答案D6.（10江西）Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe_____sincehermarriagetoFather.AshouldersBshoulderedCisshoulderingDhasbeenshouldering答案：Ｄ7.（10山东）Uptonow,theprogram____thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.A.wouldsaveB.SavesC.hadsavedD.hassaved答案:D8.（10天津）Weonthisprojectforfourhours.Let’shavearest.A.areworkingB.havebeenworkingC.workedD.hadworked答案：B.9.（10四川）一Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?一Notuntilweourplan．A．willfinishB．arefinishingC．aretofinishD．havefinished答案：D10.（10全国Ⅰ）—HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?—No,I______myhomeworkalldayyesterday.A.wasdoingB.woulddoC.hasdoneD.do11.（10全国Ⅰ）Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou______safely.A.arearrivingB.havearrivedC.hadarrivedD.willarrive答案：B12.（10江苏）—why,Jack,youlooksotired!—Well,I____thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.A.waspaintingB.willbepaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpainting选D。13.（10江苏）—Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?—We________busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.A.wereB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.willbe选C.14.（10陕西）IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseIalotlately.A.havebeencoughingB.hadcoughedC.coughedD.coughA.15.（10全国Ⅱ）ExcusemeI________Iwasblockingyourway.A.didn’trealizeB.don’trealizeC.haven’trealizedD.wasn’trealizing答案：A16.（10辽宁）Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.A．hasbeengoingB．wentC．goesD．hasgone答案：A17.（10北京）--I'msorry,butIdon'tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?--Sorry,Imyselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.A.hadn'tmadeB.wouldn'tmakeC.don'tmakeD.haven'tmade4答案：D18.（10北京）IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey__forme.A.haddoneB.didC.woulddoD.weredoing答案：A19.（10重庆）Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceitonthemarketin1973.A.hadcomeB.hascomeC.cameD.comes答案C20.（10重庆）-----Whydoyouwanttoworkforourcompany?-----ThisisthejobthatIfor.A.lookedB.amtolookC.hadlookedD.havebeenlooking答案D21．（10浙江）Formanyyears,peopleelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted.A．haddreamedofB．havedreamedofC．dreamedofD．dreamof答案：B22.(2011全国卷)WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshe___there.A.hadbeenlyin