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TheNewCaves1.NewWords2.PhrasesandExpressions3.Exercises4.AssignmentsCONTENTS01NewWordsArticle1-2_W_virtually1.virtually:adv.虽然她的丈夫是国王，但事实上她才是国家的统治者。Virtuallyeveryonegotatoothachenowandthen.1)infactorpractically2)almost;nearlyVirtually,heisthemanagerofthebusiness.Virtuallyshewastherulerofthecountry,althoughherhusbandwastheking.Article1-2_W_someday12.someday:adv.atanindefinitetimeinthefutureWe'llsucceedsomeday.Let'smeetsometimewhenyourschedulepermits.Comesometime.有朝一日我们会成功的。someday（副词）和sometime都表示将来某个不确定的时间。Someday,hemightwinaprizeforbeinganoutstandingclerk.也许有一天，他会获得优秀职员奖。请以后再来。让我们在您方便的某个时候见面吧。两个单词分开的形式总是在下列情况下被使用，即当some作为形容词修饰或限制一个比较特定的日子或时间时：Comesomedaysoon.请尽快在某个时候来吧。(notsomeday)Choosesomedaythatisnotsobusy.请选择某个不太忙的日子。(notsomeday)Article1-2_W_manmade3.manmade:adj.producedorcausedbymen,notnaturalOurdormitoryoverlooksamanmadelake.有时候人为的灾难比自然灾害更有破坏力。Sometimesmanmadedisastersareevenmoredestructivethannaturalones.•4.palatable--acceptableoragreeabletothemindorsensibilities•悦乎或合乎心情或感觉的•apalatablesolutiontotheproblem.•这个问题的合乎人意的解决方法5.associations:联想Wehavesomanybitter/evilassociationswiththe“CulturalRevolution”.•WhatassociationsdoyoumakewiththeGreatWall?•Note:associatev.•associate…with…:把…和…联系在一起•associatewithsb.:与…交往6.tormentn.severepainorsuffering痛苦，折磨•Thetormentofhavingherbabykidnappediswrittenalloverherface.•因孩子被绑架所受的万分折磨全写在她脸上。•v.•Jealousybegantotormenthim.•猜忌的心理开始来折磨他了。7.volcanica.火山的•volcanon.火山•Anactivevolcano活火山•adormantvolcano休眠火山•anextinctvolcano死火山8.eruptionn.eruptv.爆发9.noxiousa.harmful有毒的，有害的•Manyhouseholdproductsgiveoffnoxiousfumes.•很多家用产品散发有害气体。•10.crustn.地壳；面包皮；硬外皮•earnacrust挣钱糊口，谋生•11.honeycombv.使成蜂窝状n.蜂窝10.gigantica.huge,enormous巨大的Thegigantictaskofreconstructionawaitsthem.重建的艰巨任务等着他们去完成。Article5_W_simplify11.simplify:vt.makeeasierorsimplerYou’dbettersimplifytheinstructionssothatchildrencanunderstandthem.Yourexplanationistoocomplicatedforthepupils;trytosimplifyit.Note:-fy:…化，使成为，变成e.g.glorify,purify,citify(使都市化),classify,intensify(强化，加强),beautifysimplea.simplicityn.简单，单纯，率直12.tyrannyn.thecruelorunjustuseofpower专制，暴政•Hefinallylefthomeinanefforttocounterthetyrannyofarrangedmarriageintheoldsociety.•他弃家出走，是对旧社会包办婚姻压迫的反动。•tyrantn.暴君Article6_W_vary113.vary:v.(causeto)bedifferent,changeTeachingmethodsvaryfromteachertoteacher.医生说我的饮食要多样化，不要总吃同样的东西。MydoctorsaidthatIshouldvarymydietratherthaneatthesamethingallthetime.Collocation:varyfrom...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动varywith随……而变化varyinsth.在某方面不同variationn.变化variablea.易变的Article6_W_vary2CF:vary,change,alter&diversify这几个词都是动词，都含有“改变”之意。vary指一系列相关事物的前后因素、范围有所不同。例如：change用法最普遍、最不正式。可表示任何演变过程，包括轻度或重大、表面或实质、量或质的变化。例如：Pricesvarywiththeseason.价格随季节的改变而改变。You’vechangedalotsinceIlastsawyou.从我上次见你以后你改变了许多。Article6_W_vary3alter指“轻微的修改”，一般是外观和用法上的改变，通常指改变衣服大小、宽紧。多指在基本结构上进行改动，而不是整个的改头换面，结果好坏不论。例如：diversify有“使多样化、使不同；增加品种”之意。Theladyhadtoalterherclothesafterlosingweight.这位女士体重减轻后不得不修改衣服。Hillsandwoodsdiversifythelandscape.群山和树林使景色变化有致。CF:vary,change,alter&diversify这几个词都是动词，都含有“改变”之意。Article6_W_artificial114.artificial:adj.桌子上有一些人造花。Thereweresomeartificialflowersonthetable.Collocation:artificialintelligence人工智能anartificialleg/eye/hand/tooth假肢/眼/手/牙artificialsatelliteartificialmanners矫揉造作的举止人造卫星1)manmade2)notnaturalorreal在我看来她的演技有点不自然。Inmyopinionheractingisabitartificial.Article6_W_convenience115.convenience:n.personalcomfortoradvantage;thequalityofbeingconvenientTheyboughtthishouseforconvenience;it’sneartheshopsandtherailwaystation.Manystoreshaveadeliveryservicefortheconvenienceofthecustomers.如果你能在方便的时候给我们回复的话，我们将十分感激。Wewouldbemostgratefulifyoucouldgiveusareplyatyourearliestconvenience.Collocation:suitone’sconvenience为了某人方便atyour(earliest)convenience在你方便的时候for(one’s)convenience为了（某人）方便Article7-8_W_onthestroke16.stroken.钟鸣声onthestroke:punctuallyatthetimeappointed准时Shegoestoworkonthestrokeof8a.m.他准时到达机场。Hearrivedattheairportonthestroke.Article7-8_W_mobile117.mobile:adj.巡回医疗队不久就要到这儿来。Themobilemedicalteamwillsoonbehere.1)capableofmovingorofbeingmovedreadily2)capableofchangingquicklyfromonestatetoanotherHefindsawomanwithamobileface.Sheismuchmoremobilenowthatshehasboughtacar.amobilemissilesystem可移动的导弹系统amobilelibrary流动图书馆mobilefeatures富有表情的面貌mobilewarfare运动战mobiletroops机动化部队amobilereceiver轻便/携带式接收机amobilephone手机Collocation:Article7-8_W_mobile2NB:-ile是形容词后缀，表示“属于……的，有……性质的，易于……的”，含主动意味。例如：audile（能听到的），fertile（肥沃的），hostile（敌方的）等。CF:mobile,portable&movable这三个词都是形容词，都有“移动的”、“活动的”之意。mobile指人或物能容易地、快速地从一个地方移到另一个地方，强调移动的灵活性或迅速性。例如：portable意为“手提式的”、“轻便的”，尤指东西很容易用手移动或有自备电池而可在任何地方使用。例如：MayIuseyourmobilephone?我可以用你的移动电话吗？Iboughtaportablecomputerformysister.我为妹妹买了一台手提式电脑。movable指从一个地方移动到另一个地方，强调位置或时间的不固定性、可移动性或可变动性。例如：Father’sDayisamovableholiday.父亲节是因年而变动的节日。18.entailv.承担，伴随，需要aninvestmentthatentailedhighrisk一项需承担高风险的投资Thejobentailsprecision.这件事需要精确性。ProducingaseriesTVplayentailsalotofwork.拍摄一部电视连续剧需要做大量的工作。•19.lagn.fallingbehind滞后Article7-8_W_gear120.gear:Thespeakershouldgearthespeechtoaconservativeaudience.Educationshouldbegearedtochildren'sneeds.1.vt.adjustoradaptsoastomakesuitable(oftenu