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*第七篇PowerNappingisGoodfortheI.Q.Todaywehearmoreandmoreabouttheimportanceofgettingenoughsleep—abouteighthoursanight.Sleepcanhelphealandgiveenergytoboththebodyandthebrain.Medicalexpertsnowbelievethatsleepisevenmoreimportantforhealththandietorexercise.Itseemsalmostcertainthatthethirdofourlivesthatwespendasleephasagreateffectonthetwo-thirdsthatweareawake.Sleepaffectsouremotions,memory,focus,andbehavior.Studiesshowthatpeopleindevelopedcountriesspendlesstimeasleepandmoretimeatworkorcommuting.Dr.KarineSpiegel,attheUniversityofChicago,hasfoundthattheaveragelengthofsleephasgonedownfromninehoursanightin1910toseven-and-a-halfhoursanighttoday.However,ourbodiescannotfunctionwellwithoutenoughsleep.Losingjustoneortwohoursofsleepanight,overalongperiodoftime,cancauseserioushealthproblems.AccordingtoCanadianscientistDr.StanleyCoren,everyhouroflostsleepatnightcausesustoloseoneI.Q.pointthenextday.Forexample,whensomeonegetsonlyfiveorsixhoursofsleepeachnightforaweek,theperson’sI.Q.couldgodown15pointsormore.That’swhy,withoutenoughsleep,anormallyintelligentpersonmaystarttohavedifficultydoingdailytasks.Mostsleepexpertssaythathumansneedatleasteighthoursofsleepeveryday,butitshouldbeintwostages:alongsleepatnightandashorternapintheafternoon.Somecompanieshelptheiremployeesfollowthisadvice.Theyallowthemto“powernap”intheafternoon,ifonlyfor20minutes.Theysaythismakestheworkersmuchmoreefficient.Tostudysleepdeprivation(notgettingenoughsleep),scientistsuseatestcalledtheMultipleSleepLatencyTest(MSLT).Duringthetest,apersonstaysinadarkened,quietroomduringthedaytime.Scientistsbelievethatasleep-deprivedpersonwillfallasleepquickly.Ifittakestenminutesorlongertofallasleep,thepersonisprobablygettingenoughsleep.Scientistshavealsofoundthatthetimeofyearseemstoaffecthowmuchsleepweneed.Peopleusuallysleeplongerinthewinter,sometimesasmuchas14hoursanight.However,inthesummer,peoplesometimessleepaslittleassixhours,withouthavinganyproblems.PowerNappingisGoodfortheI.Q.1.Todaywehearmoreandmoreabouttheimportanceofgettingenoughsleep—abouteighthoursnight.参考译文：今天，我们听到越来越多的有关充足睡眠重要性的讨论，即每日保证8小时的睡眠。2.Sleepcanhelphealandgiveenergytoboththebodyandbrain.参考译文：睡眠能有助于我们修复损伤并为我们的身体和大脑提供能量。3.Medicalexpertsnowbelievethatsleepisevenmoreimportantforhealththandietorexercise.参考译文：医学专家认为，睡眠比起饮食和锻炼来说，对于我们的健康更重要！4.Itseemsalmostcertainthatthethirdofourlivesthatwespendasleephasagreateffectonthetwo-thirdsthatweareawake.5.Sleepaffectsouremotions,memory,focus,andbehavior.参考译文：睡眠影响着我们的情绪、记忆、注意力集中度以及行为。6.Studiesshowthatpeopleindevelopedcountriesspendlesstimeasleepandmoretimeatworkorcommuting.参考译文：研究显示，发达国家的国民在睡眠上花费的时间少于其花在工作中或上下班路上的时间。7.Dr.KarineSpiegelattheUniversityofChicagohasfoundtheaveragelengthofsleephasgonedownfromnine9hoursanightin1910在1910年toseven-and-a-half7.5hoursanighttoday.参考译文：芝加哥大学博士克林•施皮格尔发现，每晚的平均睡眠时间从1910年的9小时降至今天的7.5小时。8.However,ourbodiescannotfunctionwellwithoutenoughsleep.参考译文：但是，我们的身体在缺少充足睡眠的情况下是无法正常工作的。9.Losingjustoneortwohoursofsleepanightoveralongperiodoftimecancauseserioushealthproblems.参考译文：每晚少睡一两小时，这样长此以往的话，会对健康产生严重影响。10.AccordingtoCanadianscientistDr.StanleyCoreneveryhouroflostsleepatnightcausesustoloseoneI.Qpointthenextday.参考译文：根据加拿大科学家斯坦利•科伦博士的说法，每晚少睡1小时会导致第二天智商下降一个百分点。11.Forexamplewhensomeonegetsonlyfiveorsixhoursofsleepeachnightforaweek,theperson’sI.Qcouldgodown15points15个点ormore.参考译文：举例而言，如果某人一周每晚仅睡5至6小时的话，那么其智商就有可能下降15个百分点甚至更多。12.That’swhy,withoutenoughsleep,anormallyintelligentpersonmaystarttohavedifficultydoingdailytasks任务.参考译文：这就是为什么一个原本聪慧的人，在睡眠不足的情况下会发觉做一些日常事务都有困难。13.Mostsleepexpertssaythathumansneedatleasteighthoursofsleepeveryday,butitshouldbeintwostages:longsleepatnightandshorternapintheafternoon.参考译文：大多数研究睡眠的专家认为，人们一天至少要睡够8小时，但是这样分两个阶段来完成，即每晚的长时睡眠外加每天中午的短暂午休。14.Somecompanieshelptheiremployeesfollowthisadvice.参考译文：一些公司遵循该建议并在此方面对其员工进行协助。15.Theyallowthemto“powernap”打盹intheafternoonifonlyfor2020minutes.参考译文：他们允许员工中午进行午休以恢复精力，哪怕仅有20分钟。16.Theysaythismakestheworkersmuchmoreefficient.参考译文：他们声称，这样能使员工的工作效率更高。17.Tostudysleepdeprivation(notgettingenoughsleep),scientistsuseatestcalledtheMultipleSleepLatencyTest(MSLT)多重睡眠潜伏测试.参考译文：为了研究“剥夺睡眠”（睡眠不足）所产生的影响，科学家采取了一种称为“多重睡眠潜伏测试”的试验方法。18.Duringthetest,apersonstaysinadarkened,quietroomduringthedaytime.参考译文：在测试中，实验对象白天身处一个黑暗安静的房间中。19.Scientistsbelievethatasleep-deprivedpersonwillfallasleepquickly.参考译文：科学家相信，一个睡眠不足的人会很快进入睡眠状态。20.Ifittakestenminutesorlongertofallasleep,thepersonisprobablygettingenoughsleep.参考译文：如果入睡时间大于等于10分钟，那么测试对象很有可能是睡眠充足的。21.Scientistshavealsofoundthatthetimeofyearseemstoaffecthowmuchsleepweneed.参考译文：科学家还发现，一年中的季节变化对于我们所需睡眠时间的长短也有影响。22.Peopleusuallysleeplongerinthewinter,sometimesasmuchas14hours14个小时anight.参考译文：人们通常在冬季睡的时间更长，有时可达每晚14小时。23.However,inthesummer,peoplesometimessleepaslittleassixhours,withouthavinganyproblems.参考译文：但是在夏天，人们有时每天仅睡6小时，并且不会产生任何问题。+第十二篇TheEnemyWithinAllergyhasbecomemoreandmorecommonoverthelast30years.Nowone-thirdofusareaffectedbyallergyatsomepointinourlivesandhalfofthesesufferersarechildren.IntheUK,threemillionpeoplesufferfromasthma,andfivepercentofchildrensufferfromfoodallergy.A