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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2015.05.09PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Babieswhoarebreast-fedmaybemorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife,anewstudypublishedTuesdaysuggests.Thestudyfollowedmorethan3,000babiesintoadulthoodinBrazil.Theresearchersfoundthosewhowerebreast-fedscoredslightlyhigherinintelligencetestsintheir30s,stayedinschoollongerandearnedmoremoneythanthosewhoweregivenformula（配方奶粉）.CIA(CentralIntelligenceAgency)中央情报局IQ(intelligencequotient)n.智力商数EQ(EmotionalQuotient)情商“Breast-feedingnotonlyhasshort-termbenefits,butalsobreast-feedinghaslong-termbenefits,saysBernardoLessaHortaoftheFederalUniversityofPelotasinBrazil,wholedthestudybeingpublishedinTheLancetGlobalHealth.short-termmemory短时记忆Long-termmemory长时记忆TheLancetGlobalHealth《柳叶刀》杂志(76)Doctorshavelongknownthatbreast-feedingcanbegoodforababy’shealth.长久以来，医生们就已熟知母乳喂养对婴儿健康有益。Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherewatercanbecontaminated.Forinstance,ababygivenformulaindevelopingcountriesis14timesmorelikelytodieinthefirstsixmonthsthanonewho’sbreast-fed.IntheU.S.,someresearchhassuggestedthatbreast-feedingmayraiseababy’sIQ（智商）byafewpoints.Butarecentstudywithsiblings（兄弟姐妹）foundlittleadvantagetobreast-feeding.Hortasaysthesepreviousstudiesdidn’tfollowchildrenintoadulthoodtoseeifbreast-feedinghadlong-termeffects.SoHortaanalyzeddatacollectedfrom3,493volunteersheandhiscolleagueshavebeenfollowingsincebirth.Theyarenowintheir30s.First,theresearchersgavethesubjectsIQtests.Thosewhowerebreast-fedfor12monthsormorehadIQtestscoresthatwere3.76pointshigherthanthosewhowerebreast-fedforlessthanonemonth,theteamfound.WhenHortaandhiscolleagueslookedathowmucheducationthesubjectshadgottenandhowmuchmoneytheyweremaking,theyalsofoundacleardifference:Thosewhowerebreast-fedstayedlongerinschoolforaboutanextrayearandhadmonthlysalariesthatwereaboutathirdhigher.1.Fromthepassage,welearnthatHorta_______________.A.isfromBrazilB.conductshisresearchintheU.S.C.has30researchersonhisteamD.iswell-knownindevelopingcountries2.Whichofthefollowingaboutthosewhowerebreast-fedisNOTmentioned?A.TheystayedlongerinschoolB.TheywerehappierC.TheyweresmarterD.Theymademoremoneybreast-feedv(pt,pp`breast-fed)[Tn]feed(ababy)withmilkfromthebreast用乳房的奶喂（婴儿）:Wereherchildrenbreast-fedorbottle-fed?她的孩子喂的是人奶还是牛奶?3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Doctorsdon’tunderstandthebenefitsofbreast-feeding.B.Hortaisconcernedwithwatercontaminationinpoorcountries.C.Horta’sresearchprojectlastedabout30yearsD.Breast-feedingistheonlywaytoimproveababy’shealth4.ThewordcontaminatedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto____.A.finishedB.interestedC.clearedD.polluted5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.ResearchersHavePointedOuttheDisadvantagesofBreast-feedingB.ResearchersHaveFoundOuttheShortcomingsofFormulaC.Breast-feedingImprovesChancesofSuccessD.Breast-feedingBenefitsBothMotherandBabyappropriate=properPassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:MaggieWalkerwasbornin1867inRichmond,Virginia.Hermotherwasonceaslaveinarichwoman’shouse.WhenMaggiewasveryyoung,athiefkilledherfather.Herfamilywasimpoverished,soMaggie'smotherstarteddoinglaundryinherhome.Maggiehadtohelpher.Shewashedclotheseveryday,butshecontinuedtogotoschool.Shewasaverygoodstudent,especiallyinmath.AfterMaggiegraduatedfromhighschool高级中学,shegotajobasateacher.In1886,shemarriedArmisteadWalker.TheyhadtwosonsandMaggiestayedhometocareforthem.ShealsovolunteeredtohelpasocialorganizationcalledtheOrderofSt.Luke.ThisorganizationhelpedAfricanAmericanstakecareofthesickandburythedead.MaggieWalkerlovedtheworkoftheorganization.TheorganizationbelievedthatAfricanAmericansshouldtakecareofeachother.Overtheyears,MaggieWalkerhadmoreandmoreresponsibilitieswiththeorganization.In1895,shesuggestedthatSt.Lukebeginaprogramforyoungpeople.(77)Thisprogrambecameverypopularwithschoolchildren.这个项目很受学校孩子们的欢迎。In1899,WalkbecameGrandSecretaryTreasureroftheSt.Lukeorganization.However,becauseshewasawoman,shereceivedlessthanhalfthesalaryofthemanwhohadthejobbeforeher.TheOrderofSt.LukehadalotoffinancialdifficultieswhenWalkertookover接管.Ithadalotofunpaidbillsandonly$31.61inthebank.ButsoonMaggieWalkerchangedallofthat.(78)HerideawastogetnewmemberstojointheOrganization.她的观点是吸纳新成员加入这个组织。Injustafewyears,itgrewfrom3,400membersto50,000members.Theorganizationboughta$100,000officebuildingandincreaseditsstaffto55.NowWalkerwasreadyforhernextbigstep.6.Maggie’sfatherdied____________.A.whenshefinishedhighschoolB.beforeshewasbornC.whenshewasveryyoungD.aftershegotmarried7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Maggiehadtwochildren.B.Maggiewasonceaslave.C.Maggiewasgoodatmath.D.Maggietaughtforawhile.8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.MaggielovedtohelpotherAfricanAmericans.B.Maggiewasverypopularwithschoolteachers.C.MaggiewasthefounderoftheOrderofSt.Luke.D.MaggiewasbetterpaidthanmenasGrandSecret