毕业设计-30万吨每年甲醇精馏工段-常压精馏塔工艺设计及分析

1毕业设计(论文)专业班级学生姓名学号课题30万吨/年甲醇精馏工段的初步设计——常压精馏塔工艺设计及分析指导教师30万吨/年甲醇精馏工段的初步设计——常压精馏塔工艺设计及分析I摘要通过本课题的设计了解甲醇精馏的发展历程和国内外的研究现状，主要介绍了甲醇精馏工艺，对单塔流程、双塔流程、三塔流程和四塔流程工艺进行了阐述,显示了四塔流程的优越性。熟悉甲醇精馏工艺流程、技术设备等。对甲醇精馏工段全流程进行物料衡算,着重分析常压精馏塔的工艺设计。应用ASPENPLUS化工模拟系统中的和DSTUW、RADFRAC塔精馏模块对常压精馏塔进行模拟。通过对甲醇精馏工艺流程的物料衡算和常压精馏塔工艺的研究，掌握甲醇精馏工业生产中各塔的作用、进出料情况、塔板数等相关参数的计算。最后绘制出工艺流程图、带控制点的物料流程图、设备图和设备布置图。关键词：甲醇精馏、常压精馏塔、ASPEN模拟、流程图IIAbstractUnderstandingoftheissuethroughthedesigndevelopmentprocessandthemethanoldistillationresearchstatusathomeandabroad,introducesthemethanoldistillationprocess,thesingle-towerprocess,processtowers,threetowersandfourtowersprocesstechnologyprocessesaredescribed,showingthesuperiorityoffour-towerprocess.Familiarwiththemethanoldistillationprocessandtechnicalequipment.Methanoldistillationsectioninthewholeprocessofthematerialbalance,analyzestheatmosphericdistillationprocessdesign.ASPENPLUSsimulationsystemappliedinthechemicalandDSTUW,RADFRACatmosphericdistillationcolumndistillationsimulationmodule.Methanoldistillationprocessthroughthematerialbalanceandtheatmosphericdistillationprocessofstudy,mastertheindustrialproductionofmethanoldistillationtowerrole,accesstomaterialconditions,platenumberandotherrelevantparametersofthecalculation.Finally,drawtheflowchart,flowchartwithacontrolpointofmaterials,equipmentdiagramsandequipmentlayout.Keywords:methanoldistillation,atmosphericdistillation,ASPENsimulation,flowsheet30万吨/年甲醇精馏工段的初步设计——常压精馏塔工艺设计及分析III目录摘要.............................................................................................................I目录...........................................................................................................III第一章文献综述.....................................................................................11.1甲醇生产工艺进展及国内发展前景...........................................11.1.1甲醇简介.................................................................................................11.1.2甲醇的用途.............................................................................................41.1.3甲醇的安全性、....................................................................................41.2甲醇的生产工艺...........................................................................51.2.1生产方法概述.........................................................................................51.2.2甲醇生产中的关键问题.........................................................................61.2.3甲醇的精馏过程.....................................................................................91.2.4工艺流程的选择..................................................................................131.2.5三塔精馏系统的优点.........................................................................131.2.6影响精馏操作的因素与调节..............................................................141.3本课题来源及思路.....................................................................15第二章物料衡算...................................................................................172.1操作条件.......................................................................................172.2物料衡算......................................................................................172.2.1预塔物料衡算.....................................................................................182.2.2加压塔的物料衡算.............................................................................19IV2.2.3常压塔物料衡算.................................................................................212.2.4回收塔物料衡算.................................................................................22第三章常压塔工艺设计计算..............................................................263.1物料处理量.................................................................................263.1.1原料液及塔顶、塔底产品的摩尔分率.............................................263.1.2原料液及塔顶、塔底产品的平均摩尔质量......................................263.2回流比及塔板数的确定.............................................................263.2.1求最小回流比及操作回流比。.........................................................263.2.2简捷法求理论板层数.........................................................................273.3精馏塔的工艺条件及有关物性数据的计算.............................293.3.1操作压力计算.....................................................................................293.3.2操作温度计算.....................................................................................293.3.3平均摩尔质量计算.............................................................................293.3.4平均密度计算.....................................................................................303.3.5液体平均表面张力的计算.................................................................313.3.6液相平均粘度的计算.........................................................................313.4精馏塔的塔体工艺尺寸计算.....................................................323.4.1塔径的计算.........................................................................................323.4.2精馏塔有效高度计算.........................................................................333.4.3塔高的计算...............................................................