高中英语Module3InterpersonalRelationshipsFriendshipSec

探究发现①Iwastwelveand,havinglostallmyoldfriends,Ifeltshyandlonelyatmynewschool.②Havingbeenoperatedontheleg,hecan’twalkasusual.③Nothavingmadeadequatepreparations,theyputoffthesportsmeetingtillnextFriday.④Heofteninvitedmetojoinhisparticulargroup,andasaresult,Istartedgetting/togettoknowpeople.⑤Ilikelying/tolieonmybackstaringatthesky.⑥a.Iremembermeetingherforthefirsttime.b.Youmustremembertokeepintouch.⑦a.Iregretdoingthatnow.b.IregrettosaythatIhavelosttouchwithfourorfivefriends.⑧a.Hetriedtostandupbutfailed.b.Let'strytellinghimaboutthesadnews.[我的发现](1)以上句中，①～③句中的黑体部分在句中作，④～⑧句中黑体部分在句中作。(2)由①～③句可知，动词­ing形式的完成式为，否定式为，完成被动式为。(3)句中，动词­ing形式与不定式作宾语意义相差不大。句中，动词­ing形式与不定式作宾语意义区别很大，其中⑥a句中作宾语的动词­ing形式的动作，⑥b句中作宾语的动词不定式的动作。状语havingdonenothavingdonehavingbeendone④⑤⑥(a，b)⑦(a，b)⑧(a，b)已经发生未发生宾语一、动词­ing形式的完成式作状语1．动词­ing形式的完成式的构成：having＋过去分词。动词­ing形式的完成式表示该动作发生于句中谓语动词表示的动作之前。动词­ing形式的完成式在句中常作状语，表示原因、时间、让步等，常可转换成相应的状语从句。Havingwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.＝Afterhehadwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.写完信后，他去寄走它。(时间状语)2．动词­ing形式的完成式的否定式为：not＋having＋过去分词。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.＝Becausehehadn’tstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.因为没有努力学习，所以他考试不及格。3．动词­ing形式的完成式的被动式为：having＋been＋过去分词。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.＝Althoughhehasbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.已经被告知多次，他仍犯同样的错误。(让步状语)[即时演练1](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①(read)thechapterfourtimes,Ifinallyunderstoodtheauthor’stheory.②(warn)ofdangerinthestreetatnight,shehadtogohomewithafriendfollowingher.HavingreadHavingbeenwarned(2)句型转换①Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,thelittleboybegantoplayInternetgames.→,thelittleboybegantoplayInternetgames.②Ashehadbeentheremanytimes,heofferedtobeourguide.→,heofferedtobeourguide.HavingfinishedhishomeworkHavingbeentheremanytimes二、后接动词­ing形式或不定式的动词(词组)1．可用动词­ing形式作宾语的动词(词组)(1)常见的能用动词­ing形式作宾语的动词有：advise,admit,allow,avoid,consider,miss,keep,practice,finish,enjoy,appreciate,forbid,imagine,risk,suggest,mind,permit等。Heenjoyslisteningtolightmusic.他喜欢听轻音乐。(2)常见的能用动词­ing形式作宾语的动词词组有：lookforwardto,leadto,stickto,objectto,getdownto,payattentionto,can’tstand,feellike,insiston,bebusyin,havedifficulty(in),spendtime(in)等。Heinsistsondoingphysicaltraining.他坚持体育锻炼。(3)advise,allow,forbid,permit等动词后可直接跟动词­ing形式作宾语，也可跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语。Wedon’talloweatingintheclassroom.我们不允许在教室里吃饭。Youcan’tallowfeartoimpacthowyouoperate.你不能让恐惧对你的行为方式有影响。[即时演练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①Iappreciate(give)theopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.②Healwaysavoids(talk)tome.③Wouldyoumindmy(open)thewindow?④Canyouimaginehim(become)famousasanactor?⑤Lydiadoesn’tfeellike(study)abroad.Herparentsareold.havingbeengiventalkingopeningbecomingstudying2．可用动词不定式作宾语的动词(词组)(1)能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：agree,choose,decide,determine,learn,afford,want,expect,hope,refuse,manage,wish,pretend,offer,promise,plan等。Asastudent,hecan’taffordtobuyacarnow.作为一个学生，他现在买不起轿车。(2)能接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语的动词有：show,understand,tell,explain,teach,learn,know,ask,decide,wonder等。Hedidn’tknowhowtodealwiththeaccident.他不知道怎样处理这场事故。[名师点津]此用法中的不定式的逻辑主语需要与句子的主语或宾语一致，否则用宾语从句。[即时演练3](1)单句改错①MyEnglishteacherpromisedtolendingsomebookstome.____________②ThetrainwaslateandatbestIcouldonlyhopetobeinghometomorrow.③Canyouinformmewhentobeginningourfinalexamination？(2)完成句子①Heshowedus.他给我们演示怎么做这项工作。②Idon’tknow.我不知道做些什么。lending→lendbeing→bebeginning→beginhowtodotheworkwhattodo3．可用动词不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语的动词(词组)(1)下列动词(词组)后可跟不定式或动词­ing形式作宾语，但在意义上却有着明显的差别。remembertodo记得要去做……doing记得做过……forgettodo忘记去做……doing忘记做过……regrettodo遗憾要做……doing后悔做过……trytodo尽力做……doing尝试做……meantodo打算做……doing意味着……goontodo继续做另一件事doing继续做同一件事Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.请记着代我向你的家人问好。Don’tyouremembertellingmethestoryyesterday?难道你不记得昨天告诉我这个故事了吗？(2)有些动词(like,love,hate,begin,start,continue,intend等)既可跟不定式又可跟动名词，不定式表示特定的未来事件，动名词表示抽象的概念，但在许多情况下可以互换。Iintendstudying/tostudyabroad.我打算出国留学。(3)动词want,need,require作“需要”解，而且当物作主语时，常跟动名词作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义，如果跟不定式要用被动式。Theoldhouserequiresrepairing/toberepaired.那座旧房子需要修了。[即时演练4](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①—Remember(return)thebooktome.—ButIremember(return)ittoyou.②Thedoctortried(cure)thewomanofherillness,sohetried(treat)herwithanewmedicine.③—Thatwouldmean(waste)alotoflabor.—Really？Idon’tmean(waste)anylabor.toreturnreturningtocuretreatingwastingtowaste(2)句型转换①Mybikeneedscleaning.→Mybikeneeds.②Theseyoungtreesrequirestobewatered.→Theseyoungtreesrequires.tobecleanedwateringⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．(repair),themotorcyclemustbegivenagoodroadtest.2．Billsuggested(hold)ameetingonwhattodonext.3．(notread)alltherequiredpapers,hedidn’tanswerthequestionsinclass.4．(succeed)inthelastexamination,shewasmoreconfidentofanothersuccessinthecomingone.HavingbeenrepairedholdingNothavingreadHavingsucceeded5．Ihavelongbeenlookingforwardto(meet)you.6．Youshouldlearn(be)independentofyourparents.7．Carsarenotallowed(go)throughthecitycentre.8．Ihaven’tdecidedwhen(start);I’mthinkingitoverinmymind.9．Shelikesswimmingbutshedoesn’tlike(swim)thisafternoon.10．Sheregrettednot(study)thecomputerhard.meetingtobetogotostarttoswimhavingstudiedⅡ.完成句子1．Thispl