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广州初一英语专题学案：反身代词&方位介词七年级下册U3同步语法Warm-up:ReadingJohnwasverytired.Hesoonfellasleep.Sometimelater,Charliestartedbarking.Johnwokeupandsmeltsmoke.Afire!Smokestartedtocomeinfromunderthedoor.WithCharlie’shelp,Johnputsomewettowelsalongthebottomofthedoor.ThenhegotdownonthefloornexttoCharlieandwaited.一、重难点1）反身代词的形式及基本用法2）使用反身代词时要注意的几点3）方位介词的用法二、精讲点拨反身代词（一）反身代词的形式反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，不定代词one也有反身代词的形式，如下图示：人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself;herself;itselfthemselves统称oneself（二）反身代词的基本用法（1）用作主语的同位语，起强调作用。此种用法的反身代词需要重读，在句子中的位置也比较灵活。例如：Imyselfdidthat./Ididthatmyself.那件事是我自己做的。Thethingitselfisnotimportant.事情本身是不重要的。第2页共8页（2）用作宾语。此种用法的反身代词一般不用重读，因而不起强调作用。可以用反身代词作主语的动词有make;buy;enjoy;cut;dress;hurt;teach;wash等。例如：Thefamilyenjoyedthemselvesverymuchyesterdayevening.这一家人昨晚玩得很开心。Pleasehelpyourselftosomefruit.请随便吃点水果。Mysisterlostherselfinherreading.我妹妹看书看得入迷了。（3）反身代词也可以作介词宾语。常见于一些固定短语中。例如：Hewastooyoungtolookafterhimself.他太小了不能照顾自己。Theoldwomanoftentalkstoherself.这个老妇人经常自言自语。Shecookedthewholemealbyherself.她独立做了全部饭菜。Helivedallbyhimselfinthatbighouse.他一个人住在那间大房子里。（4）固定短语lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselftosth.请自用…（随便吃/喝些...）hurtoneself弄伤自己saytooneself自言自语loseoneselfin沉浸于，陶醉于…之中leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买…东西introduceoneself介绍…自己（三）在使用反身代词时要注意的几点：（1）反身代词本身不能单独做主语。例如：（误）Myselfdrovethecar.（正）Imyselfdrovethecar.我自己开车。（2）在不强调或指代明确的情况下，介词宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。例如：Noonebutmyself/meishurt.没有人除了我受伤。在第二人称既作主语又作宾语时，须用反身代词。例如：第3页共8页Youshouldbeproudofyourself.你应该为自己感到自豪。Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.你必须保重自己，保持健康。（3）反身代词没有所有格形式，可以用“物主代词+own”来表示其所有格的含义。例如：I’dliketohavemyowncar.我想有一部自己的车。Pleaseretellthestory,usingyourownwords.请用你自己的话来复述这个故事。方位介词方位介词，顾名思义就是表示方位的介词，用来表达一个物体和另一个物体的空间关系。⑴above,over,onabove→(反)below表示位置高于某物在其上方，并不表示正上方。over→(反)under表示正方，指垂直上方。on→(反)under指两个事物表面接触，一个在另一个上面。e.g.Thereisabookonthetable.(在…上方，两个事物表面接触)Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.(在…上方，不接触表面)Thereisalightoverthetable.(在…正上方，不接触表面)⑵between,amongbetween一般指两者之间，among指三个或三个以上之间。e.g.Theteacherissittingbetweenthetwins.（在两者之间）Lucyisdancingamongherclassmates.（在三者或三者以上之间）⑶infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof→(反)behind表示“在……外部的前面”inthefrontof→(反)atthebackof表示“在……内部的前面”，e.g.Thebusiscoming.Thedriverisatthefrontofthebus.（在……内部的前面）Theoldmanisinfrontofthebus.（在……外部的前面）⑷beside=nextto(在…旁边；紧挨)第4页共8页e.g.Davidsitsbesideme.=Davidsits_________me.(5)at和in区别1.at用于小地方（如车站、学校等。）如：atthestation.也可用于门牌号码前。如：at115ZhongshanRoad.2.in用于大地方（如国家，城市等。）如：inShanghai.(6)in,on,to在方位名词前的区别：I.“inthe+方位名词”指的是小范围在一个大范围的里面,表示“在某范围之内”,强调两者的包含关系。如:BeijingisinthenorthofChina.北京在中国的北部。II.“onthe+方位名词”指的是一个范围紧挨着另一个范围,表示“两地接壤”,强调两者为相邻关系。如:KoreaisonthenortheastofChina.朝鲜在中国的东北面。III.“tothe+方位名词”指的是一个范围和另一个范围之间隔段距离,表示“在某范围之外”,强调两者是远离关系。如:JapanistotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东边。三、小试牛刀我们刚刚学习了反身代词的用法，现在来这里练练身手吧！一）单项选择。1.--Ican’tfindmypen.Canyoulend_________yours?--Sorry.Iamusingit_________.A.I;myselfB.me;meC.me;myselfD.I;mine2.--Oh,hi,Ann.--Hi,Mary.Comein.Make_________athome.A.youB.yourC.yourselfD.yourselves3.--Sheistoobusytohelp_________withthework.--Let’sdoit_________.A.her;herselfB.us;ourselvesC.it;itselfD.you;yourself4.Tom,yourfatheraskedyoutodoit_________.A.itselfB.himselfC.yourselfD.yourselves5.MyfatherlearntEnglishby_________whenhewasyoung.A.itselfB.himselfC.yourselfD.yourselves6.Sallycan’thelp_________.Andnooneelsecanhelp_________,either.第5页共8页A.him;himselfB.himself;himC.her;herselfD.herself;her7.YesterdayIsaw_________enjoying_________inthepark.A.she;herselfB.him;myselfC.you;yourselfD.them;themselves8.Youshouldlearnhowtotakecareof_________.A.youB.yourC.yourselfD.yourselves9.Kids,help_________tosomefood.A.youB.yourC.yourselfD.yourselves10.Mr.Wang_________toldmeaboutthefootballmatchyesterday.A.itselfB.himselfC.yourselfD.yourselves二）填入适当的反身代词。1.Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardfor_________justnow.2.Badluck!Icut_________withaknifeyesterday.3.Theytellustheycanlookafter_________verywell.4.Mycatcanfindfoodby_________.5.Help__________tosomebeef,boys.6.Jennyenjoyed_________intheparkyesterdayafternoon.7.Wecanfinishourhomeworkby_________.8.Theblindgirllost_________inthebeautifulmusic.9.XiaoHui,canyouintroduce_________tous?10.Billwantstoteach_________Frenchfromnowon.三）根据中文补充相应的介词。1.There’sabridge______（在…上面）theriver.2.Theplaneflew______（在…上面）us.3.There’sabook______（在…上面）theteacher’sdesk.4.Thereisagarden______（在…的前面）thehouse.5.Thedeskfortheteacheris______（在…的前面）theclassroom.6.Iamsitting______（在…之间）myparents.7.Isawhim______（在…之间）thestudents.四）单项选择。第6页共8页1.Therearesomebirdssinging___thetrees.A.inB.onC.atD.from2.Therearesomanyapples___thattree.A.inB.onC.atD.from3.TheUnitedStatesis____thesouthofCanadaand___theeastofJapan.A.to;inB.on;toC.in;besideD.at;on4.Jiangsuis___theeastofChina,butJapanis___theeastofChina.A.to;inB.in;toC.on;toD.to;on5.HongKongis______thesouthofChina,andMacaois______thewestofHongKong.A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in6.Japanlies______theeastofChina.A.toB.aboutC.atD.in五）翻译以下句子。1.Sheisnowlivinginaflat______thepostoffice.她现在住在邮局上面的一间公寓里。2.Hesaw