小升初英语单词、词组、句型及语法总汇

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小升初常考单词一、名词1、颜色(colour)红色蓝色黄色橙色绿色粉红色黑色白色棕色灰色紫色相关句型:2、动物(animal)猫狗猴熊猫兔子鸭子猪鸟老鼠老虎狮子蛇牛母鸡熊大象龙长颈鹿斑马绵羊山羊相关句型:3、食物(food)米饭肉鱼汤蛋糕面包热狗可乐豆腐橙汁牛奶水茶奶酪鸡蛋糖果土豆西红柿汉堡包鸡肉炸薯条咖啡面条花生冰淇淋饼干巧克力相关句型:4、水果(fruit)苹果香蕉梨桃橙子葡萄草莓菠萝西瓜芒果相关句型:5、衣服(clothes)衣服T恤衫衬衣外套帽子帽子袜子毛衣裙子短裤裙子鞋子裤子凉鞋拖鞋口袋游泳衣夹克相关句型:6、人体(body)头脸头发眼睛鼻子嘴耳朵手胳膊腿脚肩膀膝盖脚趾手指牙齿(复数)相关句型:7、数字(number)onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteen一二三四五六七八九十十一十二十三fourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwentyfirstsecondthird十四十五十六十七十八十九二十首先第二第三8、文具penpencilrulereraserbagbookpencil-boxpencil-casecrayonsharpener钢笔铅笔尺子橡皮书包书铅笔盒铅笔盒蜡笔卷笔刀9、交通carbustaxishipplaneboatbike(bicycle)trainmotorbike轿车公共汽车出租车船飞机小船自行车火车摩托车10、家庭成员fathermotherbrothersisterfrienddadmumboygirlmanwoman父亲母亲哥哥、弟弟姐姐、妹妹朋友爸爸妈妈男孩女孩男人女人sonnephewniecegrandpagrandmacousinchildrenauntuncle儿子侄子侄女祖父祖母表兄弟、表姐妹儿童姑、姨叔叔11、职业teacherdoctornursedriverfarmerworkerpolicemanfiremanclownacrobatpostman老师医生护士司机农民工人警察消防员小丑演员邮递员12、乐器fluteviolinpianodrumguitarzithertrumpeterhu笛子小提琴钢琴鼓吉他古筝小号二胡13、天气coldhotwarmcoolsnowyrainysunnywindycloudy冷热温暖的凉爽的下雪的下雨的阳光充足的有风的有云的14、家居househomephonedeskchairdoorwindowtablebedcomputer房子房间电话课桌椅子门窗户桌子床电脑bedroomsittingroombathroomkitchenradiovideocookercameralamp卧室客厅浴室厨房收音机录像机炊具照相机灯blackboardfloorclassroom黑板地面教室15、运动footballbasketballridingtabletennismorning-exercises足球篮球骑车乒乓球早晨练习二、形容词tallshortlongfatthincleverboredangryhappybigsmalllovely高的矮的长的胖的瘦的聪明的厌烦的生气的高兴的大的小的可爱的sadtiredgoodfineoldwetnewfasthighshycutenice伤心的疲劳的好的老的、旧的湿的新的快的高的害羞的可爱的漂亮的naughtyhungryfavoriteleftrightlostbusydirtyblinddeaf淘气的饥饿的喜欢的左边的右边的丢失的忙碌的脏的盲的聋的beautifulretiredeasycheap美丽的疲劳的容易的便宜的三、动词amisarethanklookhelpgoplaywatchseesingworkread是是是谢谢看帮助去玩观看看见唱工作读writelistentalkwalkclickshoppayflyrunjumphearmiss写听谈论走点击购物支付飞翔跑跳听见想念tellsmellcookrowwantdrawmakeridewashswimcomedrink告诉闻做饭划想要画画制造骑洗游泳来喝putbuyeatdancestoplikeliveknowcloseopensendplease放买吃跳舞停止喜欢生活知道关闭打开送、递请passtypecounttravelcleanpaintagreelearnthinklaughridefeed递打印数到达打扫画同意学习想、认为笑骑喂养let让四、代词人称代词主格:Iyouhesheitweyouthey我你他她它我们你们他们人称代词宾格:meyouhimheritusyouthem我你他她它我们你们他们形容词性物主代词:myyourhisheritsouryourtheir我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的名词性物主代词:mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs我的...你的...他的...她的...它的...我们的...你们的...他们的...小升初常考语法一、Doyou…?的用法如:DoyouusechopsticksinEngland?肯定回答:Yes,wedo。否定回答:No,wedon’t。这个句型是在询问某人是否做某事的情况下用的,在回答这类疑问句时,注意人称和肯定、否定用法就可以了。二、现在进行时态的用法特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?如:Whatareyoudoing?陈述句:主语+be+动词ing。如:We’remakingacake。这个时态用于强调正在进行的动作、事情。注意be动词的用法和现在分词的写法就可以了。(现在分词就是动词的ing形式,书第九页上面部分,是对学生已经学习的现在分词的总结)。三、Can引导的疑问句及陈述句的用法1、询问他人是否会做某事:Can+主语+dosth?如:Canyourunfast?肯:Yes,Ican.否:No,Ican’t。2、询问自己是否可以吃(喝)某东西:CanIhave…?肯Yes,youcan.否:No,youcan’t。3、Can引导的陈述句。肯定句:主语+Can+dosth.如:Thisbirdcanfly。否定句:主语+Can’t+dosth。如:Youcan’tgoout。四、完成时态have/hasgot的用法1、陈述句。单数第三人称作主语时:主语+hasgot+sth.如:LIjiehasgotapet。其他人称作主语时:主语+havegot+sth.如:Ihavegotanewkite。2、疑问句。单数第三人称作主语时:Has+主语+gotsth?如:Hasshegotacold?其他人称作主语时:Have+主语+gotsth?如:Haveyougotaheadache?have/hasgot表示的是拥有,也表示患了什么病。五、将来时态be+goingto的用法1、陈述句。主语+be+goingtodo….如:I’mgoingtorunarace.我将要参加赛跑。主语+be+goingtobe….如:I’mgoingtobeadoctor.我要成为一名医生。2、一般疑问句:be+主语+goingtodo…?如:AreyougoingtogotoHongKong?肯:Yes,Iam.否:No,I’mnot。3、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+goingto…?如:Whatareyougoingtodo?答:I’mgoingto…。六、Howmany…句型及Therebe句型的用法1、These\those的用法。These指与自己距离较近的。Those指与自己距离较远的。它们都是指复数名词的,所以后面的名词一定要是复数的。如:Thesearesomeducks。2、Howmany…句型。用于询问数量的,需注意的是它后面接的可数名词要是复数,如:Howmanystoneaninalsarethere?Thereare24.回答用Therebe句型。小升初常考词组句型1、allowsbtodosth允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)Myfatherallowedmetogooutforawalkafterfinishingmyhomework.2、askedsb(not)todosth叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)Myfatheraskedmetostudyhard.Heaskedmenottoswimalone.beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事Iwasaskedtohaveadinnerwiththemyesterday.3、beafraidtodosth害怕做某事Sheisafraidtoaskmequestions.4、beafaidofdoingsth害怕做某事Iamafraidofgoingoutatnight.5、beafaidofsth害怕某物Heisafraidofsnakes.6、beamazedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶Hewasamazedtomeetthegirlthere.beamazedatsth对某事感到惊讶Theywereamazedatthenews.7、bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事(常考)Iwasbusywashingmycaratthattime.那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。Iambusywithmywork.8、becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)Thebusiscoming/thedogisdying.9、beexcitedtodosth对做……感到兴奋Jackywasexcitedtotraveltherebyplane.beexcitedatsthLilywasexcitedathiswords.beexcitedaboutdoingsthHewasexcitedaboutpassingtheexamwithoutgoingoveringbooks.10、befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事Samisfrightenedtorideahorse.11、beglad/happytodosth高兴去做某事Sheishappytocleantheblackboardwithme.bepleasedtodosth高兴做某事Shewaspleasedtohelptheoldmanyesterday.bepleasedwithsth对某事感到高兴/满意Theteacherwaspleasedwithmyanswer.12.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣Sheisinterestedinswimmingintheriver.MybtotherisinterestedinChinese.13.be/getreadyfor/todosthbereadyforsth为某事做好了准备Wearereadyfortheexam.bereadytodosth为做某事做好了准备Wearereadytohaveabirthdaypartyforher.getreadyforsth为某事在做准备Wearegettingreadyfortheexam.getreadyforsth为做某事而做准备13、besorrytodosth对做某事感到抱歉14、besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到惊奇besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊奇15、beworthdoingsth值得做某事(worth后接动词-ing形式,常考)16、begintodosthbegin/starttodo/doingsth开始去做某事17、can/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力购买(供)……18、can/may/mustdos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