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专题三非谓语动词ⅠⅡⅠ.单句填空1.(2015课标全国卷Ⅰ)Astudyoftravelers(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.2.(2015课标全国卷Ⅰ改编)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.3.(2015课标全国卷Ⅱ改编)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.4.(2015课标全国卷Ⅱ改编)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout(use)electricequipment.conductedlivingbuiltusingⅠⅡ5.(2015课标全国卷Ⅱ)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough(cool)thehouseduringthehotday...6.(2014课标全国卷Ⅰ)Ittookyearsofwork(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.7.(2014课标全国卷Ⅰ改编)Whilethereare(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.8.(2014课标全国卷Ⅱ)Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout(be)lateforschool.9.(2014课标全国卷Ⅱ)Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.10.(2014课标全国卷Ⅱ)Still,theboykept(ride).tocooltoreduceamazingbeingtostopridingⅠⅡⅡ.单句改错1.(2015课标全国卷Ⅱ改编)Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.2.(2015四川卷)It’sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.3.(2015四川卷)We’vebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.4.(2015陕西卷改编)Attheparty,mycoach,withabiscuitinhismouth,askedsurprisinglywhomadethemandjoked,“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”答案:1.looks→looking答案:2.want后加to答案:3.sing→singing答案:4.just后加toⅠⅡ5.(2015陕西卷)Myfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappylaughter!6.(2014辽宁卷)Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe’soutside.7.(2014陕西卷)Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.8.(2014四川卷改编)Don’tpanicorgetoutofline,andtryingtoremainquietandcalm.答案:5.enjoy→enjoying答案:6.understanding→understand答案:7.have→having答案:8.trying→tryⅠⅡ9.(2015济南二模)Throughtheprogram,welearnedtouseknowledgegaininginclasstosolveproblems.10.(2015山东潍坊二模)Uponyourarrival,therewillbeapartyforyouorganizingbymyclassmates.答案:9.gaining→gained答案:10.organizing→organized非谓语动词是动词的变体,是为了满足动词做除了谓语之外的其他成分而产生的。在语法填空(给出提示词)和短文改错题中,这是必考要点,地位非常重要。解决非谓语动词问题的关键是:1.时态:把握非谓语动词和谓语动词的时间关系;2.语态:把握非谓语动词和其逻辑主语间的主动或被动关系;3.句式结构:with的复合结构,独立主格结构,独立结构以及使役动词的用法等等;4.连词及逗号的作用要特别加以注意。1.无论是在语法填空还是短文改错中,通过非谓语动词在句子中出现的位置,分析其所充当的成分,来选择使用分词、不定式或者动名词。热点链接热点精练做主语和表语动名词常表示抽象的、泛指的动作,尤其是一般行为倾向;不定式则表示具体的某次动作或将来动作,或目的性动作。形容词化的分词做表语常表示主语的特征或状态。It’snoteasytolearnEnglishwell.(read)asmuchaspossibleisnecessary.答案:Reading改错:Theyaresatisfyingwiththeirpresentjob.答案:satisfying→satisfied热点链接热点精练做宾语用不定式还是动名词取决于谓语动词。对于可以接两种形式做宾语的动词或动词短语(如mean,forget,remember,stop,try,regret,goon,can’thelp等)要根据句意来判断使用何种形式。另外,动名词做介词宾语要特别注意,如:be/getusedto,devote...to...,lookforwardto,payattentionto,getdownto,objectto,prevent...from...,keep...from...,beengagedin,feellike,setabout,putoff等。Whenhefinished(do)hishomework,hewentontopractice(play)thepiano.答案:doing;playingWeagreed(meet)herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.答案:tomeetHekepton(smoke)inspiteofhisdoctor’swarning.答案:smokingDon’tforget(turn)offthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.答案:toturn热点链接热点精练做定语把握“时态”要素,同时注意“语态”变化。不定式常表示将来或目的性动作,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示完成的动作。常出现的位置是在主语、宾语或表语的前后。改错:TsinghuaUniversity,foundingin1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.答案:founding→foundedJohnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter(offer)himit.答案:offeringWeareinvitedtoaparty(hold)inourclubnextFriday.答案:tobeheld热点链接热点精练做状语根据句意和逻辑关系,分清是哪种形式的状语:时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、结果等状语常用分词来充当;目的状语常用不定式来充当。非谓语动词做状语常出现的位置是句子前或句子后。当然,时态和语态这两个要素要时刻谨记。某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往往用于一些系表结构中,表示一种状态,这样的词有:lost,seated,hidden,stationed(驻扎),lost/absorbedin(沉溺于),dressedin,tiredof等。Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool(speak)tothenewstudents.答案:tospeak(realize)thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.答案:RealizingHewalkeddownthehill,(sing)softlytohimself.答案:singing(absorb)inhisbook,hedidn’tnoticemeentertheroom.答案:Absorbed热点链接热点精练做宾语补足语宾语补足语的使用和形式取决于谓语动词。把握非谓语动词和宾语之间的“语态”关系,同时注意“时态”问题。1)advise,allow,cause,callon,dependupon,longfor等后面接带to的不定式做宾语补足语。2)make,have,let等使役动词以及see,watch,notice,observe,lookat,feel,hear,listento等感官动词或短语后面接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,但是如果这些动词或短语用于被动语态,则to不可省略。使役动词leave和get后的宾语补足语用带to的不定式形式。We’realllongingforthenewterm(begin).答案:tobeginShewasseen(enter)themanager’sofficetenminutesago.答案:toenterIheardher(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.答案:singingWillyoumakeyourself(know)tous,please?答案:knownAlexandertriedtogethiswork(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.答案:recognized热点链接热点精练3)在感官动词或短语see,observe,notice,watch,hear,smell,listento,lookat,feel,find或使役动词have,get,leave,keep等动词后的宾语补足语,用现在分词表示正在进行的主动动作,用过去分词表示已完成的被动动作。改错:Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleaguesamusingwithherstories.答案:amusing→amused在with/without的复合结构中,不定式做宾语补足语表示将来的动作,现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作,过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。Withthefinalexaminati