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Pleasefindoutthepastparticiples.1.ThestolenbikebelongstoJack.2.Theglassisbroken.3.Maryheardhernamecalledbyastranger.4.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.___________________________1.作定语2.作表语3.作宾补4.作状语过去分词Revision:Grammar过去分词作状语ThePastParticipleastheAdverbial1.Whenwaterisheated,waterturnsintosteam.=heated,waterturnsintosteam.When过去分词作时间状语2.Becausehewasexhausted,hefellasleepatonce.=exhausted,hefellasleepatonce.Because过去分词作原因状语3.IfIamgivenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.=givenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.atimemachineIf过去分词作条件状语4.AlthoughshewasLaughedatbymanypeople,shecontinuedherstudy.=laughedatbymanypeople,shecontinuedherstudy.Although过去分词作让步状语5.Thegirlleft,andshewasfollowedbyalittledog.=Thegirlleft,followedbyalittledog.过去分词作方式或伴随状语过去分词作状语summary1.过去分词在句子中可以作_________、________、________、________和_______________等。相当于相应的状语从句。注意：当过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，没有相应的从句可替换，相当于一个并列分句。时间状语原因状语条件状语让步状语方式或伴随状语2.为了表示强调，过去分词可与连词构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语,但连词也可省略。3.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。SeenGivenDone用所给词的适当形式填空。1._______(see)fromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.2.______(give)moretime,Iwillfinishmyworkontime.3._____(do)inahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.4._____(leave)athome,Johndidn’tfeelafraidatall.5.Theoldmanenteredthemeetingroom,________(support)byayoungfellow.6._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.Leftsupported过去分词短语作时间状语作条件状语作原因状语作让步状语作方式或伴随状语Seeing_______(see)fromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.分词作状语时，用现在分词还是过去分词，取决于分词与句子主语之间的关系。如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系,用_____________，句子的主语和分词是被动关系，用_____________。现在分词过去分词重难点辨析（一）：主语一致_______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.SeenSeeing1、有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。如：(be)lost(迷路);(be)lostin(沉湎);(be)seated(坐);(be)born(出身于);(be)dressedin(穿着)；(be)interestedin(感兴趣)；(be)tiredof(厌烦)；(be)worriedabout(担心)等。e.g.Dressedinwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.重难点辨析（二）：不表被动的特殊情况2、由某些动词(通常是与心理感受有关的词)后面加-ed转化来的形容词也表状态不表被动。如：frightened,satisfied,tired,disappointed等。e.g.Surprisedatwhathadhappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.即学即练：1.When__________(compare)differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.2._________(blame)forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.3._________(surprise)andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.comparingBlamedSurprised过去分词不表被动而表状态分词作状语答题记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动-ing,被动用-ed。过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题1.过去分词作状语时的位置过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面或插在句子中间，均需有逗号与主句隔开。e.g.:Followedbyhisassistant,theprofessorwalkedoutofthehall.=Theprofessorwalkedoutofthehall,followedbyhisassistant.=Theprofessor,followedbyhisassistant,walkedoutofthehall.由助手跟着，这位教授走出了大厅。如:Ifheated,_______.A.peoplecanturnwaterintogasB.onecanchangeiceintowaterC.iceturnsintowaterD.peoplegetwaterfromice2.过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致若过去分词的逻辑主语与句中主语不一致,而是前面有了自己的主语，这时就构成了过去分词的独立主格结构，在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。①Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.句子的主语过去分词的逻辑主语过去分词的独立主格结构，作时间状语3.过去分词的独立主格结构★4.英语中也有一些分词，其逻辑主语不是句子的主语，它们已变成固定词组，表示说话人对所说的话的一种态度。如:judgingby/from…根据……判断；由……断定provided/providing(that)…假如，倘若……；given…倘若……；假定……generally/strictlyspeaking一般说来/严格说来talkingof/speakingof说到，提到allthingsconsidered从整体来看，Considering…考虑到…takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来e.g.Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaithisevening.5.过去分词的四种形式一般式：done不强调动作的先后关系现在进行式：beingdone强调分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生完成式：havingbeendone表示分词的动作发生在前，谓语动词的动作发生在后。（在不强调动作先后的情况下，常常用done代替）将来式：tobedone表示“将要被”1.__________(use)bymenow,thebikecan’tbelenttoyou.2._________________(use)formanyyears,thebikeneedrepairing.3.______________________(threat)twice,theyoungladycalledthepolice.HavingbeenthreatenedThreatenedBeingusedHavingbeenused或6.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别1)v.-ing作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成主动关系。e.g.Seeingfromthetopofthetower,wecangetawonderfulviewofourcity.2)v.-ed作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。e.g.Seenfromthetopofthetower,ourcitylooksmorebeautiful.3)todo作状语，一般表示目的。e.g.Togetawonderfulviewofourcity,weclimbedtothetopofthetower.1.Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.(Wefollowed…)(跟着那个老人,我们上了楼。)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(Wewerefollowedby)(我们上了楼,后面跟着那个老人。)CompareConsolidate:1)________________(如此高兴),wedecidedtostaytwomoredays.Function:_______2)___________________________(十六世纪烧毁后),thecastlewasneverrebuilt.Function:________MuchdelightedBurntinthe16thcenturyCauseTime3)________________(被他的话所感动),Iacceptedhispresent.Function:_______4)_________________(从山上看),thelakelooksbeautiful.Function:_______5)______________(如果吃地及时)themedicinewillbequiteeffective.Function:_______MovedbyhiswordsSeenfromthehillTakenintimecauseCondition/timeCondition1._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.If_____thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven3._____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.FoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.BeingfoundedD.FoundingPracticemakesperfect4.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared5.______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.Havinggi